芪竹方中单体及配伍对人胃癌细胞MGC-803抑制作用研究

目的:观察芪竹方单体成分薯蓣皂苷、莪术醇及两者配伍对人胃癌细胞MGC-803的增殖抑制作用,初步探讨芪竹方复方在抗肿瘤治疗中的有效成分及作用机制。方法:选用5个剂量的薯蓣皂苷、莪术醇单药组,及2个剂量的两药配伍组在24h、48h 2个不同时间点作用人胃癌细胞MGC-803,采用MTT法检测药物对MGC-803的增殖抑制率。结果:一定浓度范围内,薯蓣皂苷及莪术醇均对MGC-803细胞的增殖有剂量、时间依赖性抑制作用,且两药配伍使用较单药能产生更好的抑制作用。结论:薯蓣皂苷及莪术醇可能为芪竹方抑制人胃癌细胞MGC-803增殖的有效成分。     

Intravenous injection of oncolytic picornavirus SVV-001 prolongs animal survival in a panel of primary tumor–based orthotopic xenograft mouse models of pediatric glioma

Background

Seneca Valley virus (SVV-001) is a nonpathogenic oncolytic virus that can be systemically administered and can pass through the blood–brain barrier. We examined its therapeutic efficacy and the mechanism of tumor cell infection in pediatric malignant gliomas.

Methods

In vitro antitumor activities were examined in primary cultures, preformed neurospheres, and self-renewing glioma cells derived from 6 patient tumor orthotopic xenograft mouse models (1 anaplastic astrocytoma and 5 GBM). In vivo therapeutic efficacy was examined by systemic treatment of preformed xenografts in 3 permissive and 2 resistant models. The functional role of sialic acid in mediating SVV-001 infection was investigated using neuraminidase and lectins that cleave or competitively bind to linkage-specific sialic acids.

Results

SVV-001 at a multiplicity of infection of 0.5 to 25 replicated in and effectively killed primary cultures, preformed neurospheres, and self-renewing stemlike single glioma cells derived from 4 of the 6 glioma models in vitro. A single i.v. injection of SVV-001 (5 × 10¹² viral particles/kg) led to the infection of orthotopic xenografts without harming normal mouse brain cells, resulting in significantly prolonged survival in all 3 permissive and 1 resistant mouse models (P < .05). Treatment with neuraminidase and competitive binding using lectins specific for α2,3-linked and/or α2,6-linked sialic acid significantly suppressed SVV-001 infectivity (P < .01).

Conclusion

SVV-001 possesses strong antitumor activity against pediatric malignant gliomas and utilizes α2,3-linked and α2,6-linked sialic acids as mediators of tumor cell infection. Our findings support the consideration of SVV-001 for clinical trials in children with malignant glioma.     

黄芩甙大鼠小肠吸收的研究

本文作者对文献介绍的大鼠在体小肠回流实验装置进行了改进,并用来研究黄芩甙的吸收情况和胆管结扎与不结扎对黄芩甙吸收的影响。胆管结扎与不结扎的药动学参数为:平均吸收半衰期分别是15.45h~(-1)、11.42h~(-1)。最终吸收程度依次是24.44%,31.58%。经方差分析两者无显著差异(F<5.3)。     

儿童急性病毒性心肌炎卡托普利治疗前后心室功能的变化

目的：探讨卡托普利治疗儿童急性病毒性心肌炎（VMC）前后心室功能变化及其临床意义。方法：采用多普勒超声心动图检测VMC组（n＝60）治疗前和对照组（n＝30）心室心缩、舒张功能,将VMC组随机分成卡托普利治疗组（n＝30）和常规治疗组（n＝30）,检测两组治疗后心室收缩、舒张功能,并进行比较。结果：①急性VMC患儿心室收缩舒张功能明显减退,与对照组比较差异有显著性意义（P＜0.01）。②治疗后与治疗前比较,卡托普利治疗组收缩舒张功能明显改善（P＜0.01）,常规治疗组收缩功能好转（P＜0.01）,而舒张功能未见好转（P＞0.05）;两组治疗后比较,前者明显优于后者。结论：①急性儿童病毒性心肌炎存在心室收缩、舒张功能减退;②运用卡托普利治疗儿童急性病毒性心肌炎是一种有效的治疗方法,值得临床推广。n     

信息检索系统的检索效率影响因素研究进展

影响信息检索系统检索效率的因素很多.我国医学信息检索系统与国外先进的检索系统相比,文献收录、词表与标引、检索技术、原文链接、智能化、安全问题等方面有待研究解决.     

小切口皮下剥离联合打包治疗腋臭临床观察

目的观察小切口皮下剥离联合打包治疗腋臭的疗效及并发症。方法将68例腋臭患者随机分为联合治疗组和单纯皮下剥离组,观察两组的疗效和并发症。结果两组总有效率比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）,联合治疗组并发症发生率明显低于单纯皮下剥离组（P〈0.05）。结论小切口皮下剥离联合打包治疗腋臭疗效确切,并发症发生率低,可在临床推广应用。     

国际卫生保健体制中筹资方式的比较与思考

本文通过对美国、英国、新加坡、澳大利亚几种典型筹资方式的分析，结合中国历史、现状及存在问题，描述中国城市的公费、劳保医疗及农村的合作医疗的筹资方式及变迁。分析存在问题和挑战，提出设置卫生税、采用具有储蓄制的合作医疗制度，建立医疗救助基金。为探讨今后的筹资办法作一些有益的思考。     

Microstructure of Dolostones of Different Geological Ages and Dedolomitization Reaction

Dolostone is widely distributed and commonly used as concrete aggregates. A large number of studies have shown that there are significant differences in the expansibility of different dolostones, and the key factors determining the expansibility of alkali carbonate rocks have not been clarified. In this paper, rocks were selected from five different geological ages: Jixianian, Cambrian, Ordovician, Devonian, and Triassic ages. The ordering degree and the content of MgCO₃ of dolomites in rocks of different geological ages were determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The degree of dedolomitization reaction in rocks cured in 80 °C, 1 mol/L NaOH solution was determined by quantitative X-ray diffraction (QXRD). The morphology of dolomites in rocks was determined by a polarizing microscope. The products of the dedolomitization reaction were determined by field emission electron microscopy (FESEM-EDS). According to the test results, the following conclusions are drawn. There is a good positive correlation between ordering degree and the molar fraction of MgCO₃ of dolomites. When the MgCO₃ mole fraction of dolomites varies from 47.17% to 49.60%, the higher the MgCO₃ mole fraction, the greater the ordering degree of dolomite. By analyzing the degree of the dedolomitization reaction of different dolostone powders cured at 80 °C in 1 mol/L NaOH solution, it is found that the older the geological age of dolostone, the slower the dedolomitization reaction rate and the lower the degree of dedolomitization reaction. The lower the ordering degree of dolomite crystal in the same geological age, the faster the rate of dedolomitization reaction and the higher the degree of dedolomitization reaction.     

Research Progress on Emerging Viral Pathogens of Small Ruminants in China during the Last Decade

China is the country with the largest number of domestic small ruminants in the world. Recently, the intensive and large-scale sheep/goat raising industry has developed rapidly, especially in nonpastoral regions. Frequent trading, allocation, and transportation result in the introduction and prevalence of new pathogens. Several new viral pathogens (peste des petits ruminants virus, caprine parainfluenza virus type 3, border disease virus, enzootic nasal tumor virus, caprine herpesvirus 1, enterovirus) have been circulating and identified in China, which has attracted extensive attention from both farmers and researchers. During the last decade, studies examining the etiology, epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnostic methods, and vaccines for these emerging viruses have been conducted. In this review, we focus on the latest findings and research progress related to these newly identified viral pathogens in China, discuss the current situation and problems, and propose research directions and prevention strategies for different diseases in the future. Our aim is to provide comprehensive and valuable information for the prevention and control of these emerging viruses and highlight the importance of surveillance of emerging or re-emerging viruses.     

毛德西教授治疗杂症验案撷华

毛德西教授临床医疗40余年,积累了丰富的辨证治疗疑难杂病的经验。笔者作为全国第三批名老中医学术继承人,在跟随毛德西教授学习期间,对其治疗杂症的临证辨治思路、遣方用药,有了较为深刻的认识和理解,谨收几例如下。1寒淋似热,温阳举陷收功李××,女,60岁,农民。2003年6月麦收后,患尿频、尿道热痛、小腹下坠感,在当地治疗无效,同年11月下旬来院就诊。开始以热淋论治,拟八正散合导赤散6剂,病情如故。疑其病重药轻,遂于上方加槐花、小蓟、瞿麦凉血通淋之品,3剂后病势不减。患者又转治于内、外科,诊为膀胱炎。尿检:蛋白( ),红细胞少许,白细胞(…