Application of Langmuir-Blodgett film technology on studying the formulation of self-microemulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS)

The polarity of oleic acid, medium-chain triglyceride and their mixtures with different ratios was determined by LB film technology. Then the particle diameter after emulsifying in water when these different oils were mixed with Cremophor EL-35 respectively was assayed. Then three formulations of SMEDDS using different oils were prepared. And their surface pressure-area isotherm curves and Gibbs change (ΔG) were investigated. The results showed that flexibility of LB film was much better when oil with lower polarity was used to prepare the SMEDDS. And this group of SMEDDS which has low Gibbs change (ΔG) was more stable with appropriate composition of oil, surfactant and co-surfactant. It can be concluded that LB film technology could be applied on the preliminary formulation study of SMEDDS. Our study may provide some theoretical basis and methods of formulation selection of SMEDDS.     

靛玉红对ATP引起的巨噬细胞吞噬抑制、 ROS产生和细胞死亡的影响

为研究靛玉红对ATP引起的巨噬细胞免疫反应的影响, 采用中性红摄入法检测细胞吞噬功能, 用MTT法检测细胞活力, 通过DHE探针检测ROS的产生。结果表明: 细胞外ATP可抑制巨噬细胞吞噬、导致细胞死亡并促进ROS产生, 靛玉红对ATP引起的以上免疫反应有抑制作用。为了解靛玉红的作用机制, 进一步研究其对ATP引起的 [Ca²⁺]_i 升高和P2X7受体介导的膜通透性增加的影响。结果显示: 靛玉红可降低ATP引起的 [Ca²⁺]_i 升高, 抑制ATP诱发的EB进入。结果提示, 靛玉红对P2X7的活化有阻断作用, 其对ATP引起的免疫反应的抑制效果可能是通过抑制P2X7受体实现的。     

狗皮膏药研究概况

在广泛文献检索基础上,对狗皮膏药的历史、成分、临床应用、制备、质量标准进行了综述,为进一步开发利用提供资料。     

龙胆泻肝丸所致肾毒性不良反应及其影响因素分析

对龙胆泻肝丸所致肾毒性的特点、造成肾毒性不良反应的成因及减小肾毒性不良反应的措施进行分析,为龙胆泻肝丸的临床合理使用提供参考.     

影响片剂脆碎度的因素分析

目的优化片剂脆碎度。方法对生产过程中影响脆碎度的因素进行逐一对比分析。结果与结论生产过程中人员、设备、物料、方法、环境对脆碎度均有影响。     

临床药师学员的病例教学方法探讨

目的:探讨适合带教临床药师学员的病例教学模式。方法:根据临床药师学员工作的基本要求,采用以问题为导向的病例教学方法、模拟病例教学法以及DV演示教学法对临床药师学员进行带教。结果:通过对临床药师学员的病例教学经验进行总结,制定病例教学流程。通过病例教学,可以培养临床药师学员信息收集、整理的能力,训练学员交流沟通和参与临床药物治疗的能力,使其能够更快的掌握开展临床药学服务的方法。结论:病例教学法是提高临床药师学员带教质量和学员素质的有效方法。     

住院患者首次服用二甲双胍的不良反应监测与分析

目的:调查二甲双胍的不良反应发生特点及临床表现,为临床合理用药提供参考.方法:对某院内分泌科二病区2010年11月- 2011年11月收治患者进行ADR集中监测,对首次服用二甲双胍的病例发生ADR情况进行分析,同时对此ADR集中监测模式进行初步评价.结果:在首次服用二甲双胍的117例患者中,发生ADR的男性有29例(61.70％),女性18例(38.30％),平均年龄(48.21±12.62)岁;未发生ADR的男性有56例(80.00％),女性14例(20.00％),平均年龄(44.71±13.09)岁.ADR累及器官或系统主要为胃肠道损害(88.75％)、中枢神经系统损害(5.00％)、全身性损害(3.75％),皮肤及附件损害(2.50％).二甲双胍普通片ADR发生率为40.74％,二甲双胍肠溶片为27.27％.结论:二甲双胍引起ADR可能存在性别差异,肠溶片ADR发生率低于普通片.病区集中监测是ADR监测模式的有益补充.     

儿童长骨嗜酸性肉芽肿的影像表现和鉴别诊断

目的分析儿童长骨嗜酸性肉芽肿的影像表现和鉴别诊断。方法回顾分析病理证实的21例儿童长骨嗜酸性肉芽肿的临床和X线、CT、MRI影像表现。结果 21例中,20例单发,1例多发。其中股骨12例,胫骨3例,肱骨5例,趾骨1例。主要影像学表现为髓内征象、骨质破坏、骨膜反应或骨化、软组织肿胀和肿块。结论长骨嗜酸性肉芽肿影像表现具有的一定特征性,密切结合临床和病理能够提高诊断和鉴别诊断水平。     

睡眠间歇低氧大鼠心室重塑与心肌细胞凋亡和Rho激酶表达的关系

目的 观察睡眠中间歇低氧状态下大鼠心室重塑、血液动力学异常与心肌细胞凋亡和Rho激酶表达的关系,探讨间歇低氧与心室重塑和心力衰竭之间关系的分子机制.方法 24只雄性Wistar大鼠分3组,每组8只.给予适度限制饮食量的普通饮食和每天正常运动量游泳1h,分为常氧(A组)、间歇低氧(B组)、间歇低氧+法舒地尔(C组),60...     

Protein kinase A regulates caspase-1 via Ets-1 in bone stromal cell-derived lesions: a link between cyclic AMP and pro-inflammatory pathways in osteoblast progenitors

Patients with genetic defects of the cyclic (c) adenosine-monophosphate (AMP)-signaling pathway and those with neonatal-onset multisystem inflammatory disease (NOMID) develop tumor-like lesions of the long bones. The molecular basis of this similarity is unknown. NOMID is caused by inappropriate caspase-1 activity, which in turn activates the inflammasome. The present study demonstrates that NOMID bone lesions are derived from the same osteoblast progenitor cells that form fibroblastoid tumors in mice and humans with defects that lead to increased cAMP-dependent protein kinase A (PKA) signaling. NOMID tumor cells showed high PKA activity, and an increase in their cAMP signaling led to PKA-specific activation of caspase-1. Increased PKA led to inflammation-independent activation of caspase-1 via over-expression of the proto-oncogene (and early osteoblast factor) Ets-1. In NOMID tumor cells, as in cells with defective PKA regulation, increased prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) led to increased cAMP levels and activation of Wnt signaling, like in other states of inappropriate PKA activity. Caspase-1 and PGE2 inhibition led to a decrease in cell proliferation of both NOMID and cells with abnormal PKA. These data reveal a previously unsuspected link between abnormal cAMP signaling and defective regulation of the inflammasome and suggest that caspase-1 and PGE2 inhibition may be therapeutic targets in bone lesions associated with defects of these two pathways.