家庭心电远程监护系统的应用现状及发展

目的:介绍家庭心电远程监护系统的发展及其现状,并对未来心电监护在家庭中的应用趋势作以展望。资料来源:应用计算机检索中国期刊全文数据库1997-03/2005-12的相关文章,检索词“心电,家庭监护”,语言种类为中文。同时检索IEEE/IEE Electronic Library1999-01/2005-12的相关文章,检索词“ECG,homecare Monitoring”,并限定文章语言为“English”。并通过因特网进行相关资料的搜索。资料选择:对资料进行初审,选取有关家庭心电远程监护系统发展的相关文献,并查找全文,进一步判断是否符合要求,纳入标准为:①对家庭心电监护系统的发展史有所讨论。②家庭心电监护系统提出了具体的研究方案。③对实际应用有所探讨。资料提炼:共收集到35篇关于家庭心电远程监护系统的文章,26篇符合纳入标准。排除的几篇文献中,其中有4篇的研究内容比较雷同,5篇的研究内容比较陈旧。资料综合:26篇文献分别包括心电监护的发展史,家庭心电监护的起源,家庭心电监护的类型,目前家庭心电监护所采用的研究方法以及家庭心电监护的发展方向等。结论:在日益发展的现代化生活中,家庭心电监护系统显得举足轻重,其研究将朝着智能化、便携式、操作方便、价格低廉的方向发展。     

Carbon nanotubes for rapid capturing of SARS-COV-2 virus: revealing a mechanistic aspect of binding based on computational studies

We investigate the binding interactions of synthesized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) with SARS-CoV-2 virus. Two essential components of the SARS-CoV-2 structure i.e.6LU7 (main protease of SARS-CoV-2) and 6LZG (spike receptor-binding domain complexed with its receptor ACE2) were used for computational studies. MWCNTs of different morphologies (zigzag, armchair and chiral) were synthesized through a thermal chemical vapour deposition process as a function of pyrolysis temperature. A direct correlation between radius to volume ratio of the synthesized MWCNTs and the binding energies for all three (zigzag, armchair and chiral) conformations were observed in our computational studies. Our result suggests that MWCNTs interact with the active sites of the main protease along with the host angiotensin-converting enzyme2 (ACE2) receptors. Furthermore, it is also observed that MWCNTs have significant binding affinities towards SARS-CoV-2. However, the highest free binding energy of −87.09 kcal mol⁻¹ with 6LZG were shown by the armchair MWCNTs with SARS-CoV-2 through the simulated molecular dynamic trajectories, which could alter the SARS-CoV-2 structure with higher accuracy. The radial distribution function also confirms the density variation as a function of distance from a reference particle of MWCNTs for the study of interparticle interactions of the MWCNT and SARS-CoV-2. Due to these interesting attributes, such MWCNTs could find potential application in personal protective equipment (PPE) and diagnostic kits.

Investigation of the binding interactions of synthesized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) with SARS-CoV-2 virus.     

Microwave Ablation of Myocardial Tissue

Microwave Ablation of Myocardial Tissue. Introduction: The biophysical properties of microwave electromagnetic radiation suggest that it may be an alternative to radiofrequency (RF) energy for ablation of arrhythmias resistant to treatment using RF ablation.
Methods and Results: The aim of this study was to characterize lesions produced using simple element designs in a blood super fused ovine tissue model to simulate endocardial ablation. The effect of tissue bath flow, duration of microwave exposure, and changes in forward power on lesion size were examined using a modified monopole element. Lesion size increased with increasing duration of exposure and increasing forward power (P ≤ 0.05). Lesion depth was 0.7 ± (1.7 mm after 30 seconds and n.5 ± L9 mm after 360 seconds. Lesion depths at 61. 71, and 80 W were 6.4 ± 3.7, 8.9 ±±2.0, and 11.9 ± 1.2 mm, respectively. Altering flow within the bath from 3 to 5 L/min did not significantly change lesion size.
Conclusion: Simple element designs can be used to produce a range of lesions from very small sizes to lesions that are transmural in the ventricle. The temperature half-time for microwave ablation is far greater than that of RF ablation. Like RF lesions, the lesions produced by microwave ablation have greater width than depth. Deep penetration of lesions into the ventricular myocardium can (only be achieved with these elements by producing lesions of perhaps unnecessarily large volume.     

Chronic anal fissure

Opinion statement Today, chronic anal fissure can be treated and often cured by nonsurgical therapy. Both topical application of glyceryl tri nitrate and intra-sphincteric injection of botulinum toxin appear to be safe and effective in relieving symptoms and in healing the anal fissure in 70% to 90% of patients. These drugs should now be regarded as the mainstay of therapy for chronic fissure-in-ano. Surgery should only be performed in refractory cases and should no longer be the first-line approach, largely because of the unpredictable and unacceptable adverse effects. It is important to emphasize that although the aforementioned therapies can heal fissure-in-ano, simpler lifestyle measures may be effective in the majority of patients with acute anal fissure. These include avoiding excessive straining, consuming a high fiber diet, using stool softeners, and taking warm sitz baths, together with local emollients with or without local anesthetics and steroids.     

Retrospective Characterization of Initial Peste des petits ruminants Outbreaks (2008–2012) in the Democratic Republic of the Congo

Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is an acute, contagious viral disease of small ruminants, goats and sheep. The Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) was a PPR-free country until 2007, although in 2006, scare alerts were received from the east and the southwest of the country, reporting repeated mortalities, specifically in goats. In 2008, PPR outbreaks were seen in several villages in the west, leading to structured veterinary field operations. Blood, swabs and pathological specimens consisting of tissues from lungs, spleens, lymph nodes, kidneys, livers and hearts were ethically collected from clinically infected and/or dead animals, as appropriate, in 35 districts. Epidemiological information relating to major risk factors and socio-economic impact was progressively collected, revealing the deaths of 744,527 goats, which converted to a trade value of USD 35,674,600. Samples from infected and dead animals were routinely analyzed by the Central Veterinary Laboratory at Kinshasa for diagnosis, and after official declaration of PPR outbreaks by the FAO in July 2012, selected tissue samples were sent to The Pirbright Institute, United Kingdom, for genotyping. As a result of surveys undertaken between 2008 and 2012, PPR virus (PPRV)-specific antibodies were detected in 25 locations out of 33 tested (75.7%); PPRV nucleic acid was detected in 25 locations out of 35 (71.4%); and a typical clinical picture of PPR was observed in 23 locations out of 35 (65.7%). Analysis of the partial and full genome sequences of PPR viruses (PPRVs) obtained from lymphoid tissues of dead goats collected in Tshela in the DRC in 2012 confirmed the circulation of lineage IV PPRV, showing the highest homology (99.6−100%) with the viruses circulating in the neighboring countries of Gabon, in the Aboumi outbreak in 2011, and Nigeria (99.3% homology) in 2013, although recent outbreaks in 2016 and 2018 in the western part of the DRC that borders with East Africa demonstrated circulation of lineage II and lineage III PPRV.     

Three versions of Perceived Stress Scale: validation in a sample of Chinese cardiac patients who smoke

Background  

Smoking causes heart disease, the major cause of death in China and Hong Kong. Stress is one major trigger of smoking and relapse, and understanding stress among smoking cardiac patients can therefore help in designing effective interventions to motivate them to quit. The objective of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), and to compare the appropriateness of the three versions of the scale (PSS-14, PSS-10, and PSS-4) among Chinese cardiac patients who were also smokers.