基于中医传承辅助平台探索胡晓梅治疗骨髓增殖性肿瘤的用药规律

目的：基于中医传承辅助平台（V2.5）,探讨胡晓梅治疗骨髓增殖性肿瘤(myeloproliferative neoplasms,MPNs)的用药规律,为MPNs的治疗提供新思路。方法：通过回顾性研究方法,收集胡晓梅治疗MPNs门诊有效处方50首,应用中医传承辅助平台构建胡晓梅治疗MPNs的数据库。结果：对胡晓梅数据库中症状、四气、五味、归经分布、频次统计、组方规律和新方进行分析,得出胡晓梅治疗MPNs的常用药物有柴胡、赤芍、生地黄、红花等15种,核心组合药物中多见红花、赤芍等药物与柴胡关联,并演化得到8首治疗MPNs的新处方。结论：以中医传承辅助系统为平台,利用文本挖掘、关联规则等数据挖掘方法,较好地挖掘了胡晓梅治疗MPNs的用药规律,即从虚、毒、瘀病理因素入手,以益气活血解毒为法,扶正祛邪兼顾。     

紫花高乌头总碱对实验性吗啡戒断症状的影响

目的:观察紫花高乌头总碱对吗啡戒断症状的影响。方法:采用剂量递增法复制吗啡依赖小鼠和大鼠模型,注射纳洛酮催促产生戒断症状。结果:紫花高乌头总碱可减少小鼠的跳跃反应,降低大鼠的戒断反应症状分值,不同程度的控制小鼠和大鼠的体重下降。结论:紫花高乌头总碱可抑制吗啡依赖动物的戒断症状。     

Efficacy of herb-partitioned moxibustion at Qihai(CV 6) and bilateral Tianshu(ST 25) on colonic damage and the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway in rats with Crohn's disease

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of stimulating Qihai(CV 6) and bilateral Tianshu(ST 25) with herb-partitioned moxibustion(HPM) in rats with Crohn's disease(CD), and to investigate the possible anti-inflammatory mechanism of HPM.METHODS: Forty rats were randomly divided into four groups(n = 10 rats per group): normal control(NC), model control(MC), mesalamine(MES), and HPM. The CD rat model was established in the MC,MES, and HPM groups by administering a mixture of trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid and alcohol via enema. The HPM group received HPM on Qihai(CV 6)and bilateral Tianshu(ST 25), while the MES group received intragastric mesalamine. Colonic histomorphological scores, and serum concentrations of tumor necrosis factor α(TNF-α) and interleukin 1β(IL-1β) were assessed to evaluate the effects of HPM on colonic reparation and anti-inflammation.The expressions of Toll-like receptor 4(TLR-4), nuclear factor κB inhibitor α(IκB-α), IκB kinase α/β(IKKα/β), and NF-κB p65 were further analyzed to investigate the regulatory effects of the interventions on the TLR4/NF-κB pathway.RESULTS: CD rats showed inflammatory colonic damage and increased serum concentrations of TNF-α and IL-1β. The expressions of TLR4, IKKα/β,and NF-κB p65 in the colons of CD rats were significantly increased compared with the NC group,while the expression of IκBα(a key negative regulator of NF-κB p65) was decreased. HPM significantly mitigated colonic damage and reduced the serum concentrations of TNF-α and IL-1β. HPM downregulated the expressions of TLR4, IKKα/β, and NF-κB p65 in the colon, and upregulated the expression of IκBα. The effects of HPM in CD rats were similar to those of mesalamine.CONCLUSION: HPM alleviates colonic inflammation in CD rats. This may be achieved through regulation of TLR4, which induces NF-κB signal transduction.     

姬松茸多糖与OVA共同免疫改善E.G7-OVA荷瘤小鼠免疫功能的研究

目的通过小鼠体内免疫的方法,观察姬松茸多糖与模型肿瘤抗原卵清白蛋白(OVA)共同免疫对E.G7-OVA荷瘤小鼠免疫功能的影响。方法姬松茸多糖(高、中、低剂量)与OVA共同免疫E.G7-OVA荷瘤小鼠,观察其对EG7荷瘤小鼠脾指数、胸腺指数以及小鼠外周血中T淋巴细胞亚群CD4+和CD8+比例的影响。结果姬松茸多糖(高、中剂量)与OVA共同免疫组小鼠的脾指数、胸腺指数明显大于单独使用OVA组,外周血中CD4+/CD8+T细胞比值也有明显升高。结论姬松茸多糖能够辅助OVA改善EG7-OVA荷瘤小鼠的免疫功能状态,姬松茸多糖可能作为免疫佐剂用于肿瘤的预防与治疗。     

黄芩提取物多指标成分鉴定及指纹图谱的研究

目的：应用超高效液相串联飞行时间质谱法鉴定黄芩提取物中黄芩苷、汉黄芩苷、黄芩素、汉黄芩素4种活性成分及其指纹图谱同时检测的方法。方法：以ACQUITYTM UPLC BEH C₁₈色谱柱（2.1mm×100mm,1.7μm）,乙腈-0.1%甲酸溶液梯度洗脱,流速0.2mL?min^-1,检测波长275nm,柱温30℃。结果：4种成分色谱显示分离度良好,经质谱得到各成分离子碎片,查阅相关文献均得以证实,并在同一色谱条件下检测指纹图谱,结果显示相似度良好。结论：该方法简便、灵敏、准确,可用于黄芩提取物的质量控制研究。     

Antifungal Activity of Gallic Acid In Vitro and In Vivo

Gallic acid (GA) is a polyphenol natural compound found in many medicinal plant species, including pomegranate rind (Punica granatum L.), and has been shown to have antiinflammatory and antibacterial properties. Pomegranate rind is used to treat bacterial and fungal pathogens in Uyghur and other systems of traditional medicine, but, surprisingly, the effects of GA on antifungal activity have not yet been reported. In this study, we aimed to investigate the inhibitory effects of GA on fungal strains both in vitro and in vivo. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined by the NCCLS (M38‐A and M27‐A2) standard method in vitro, and GA was found to have a broad spectrum of antifungal activity, with MICs for all the tested dermatophyte strains between 43.75 and 83.33 μg/mL. Gallic acid was also active against three Candida strains, with MICs between 12.5 and 100.0 μg/mL. The most sensitive Candida species was Candida albicans (MIC = 12.5 μg/mL), and the most sensitive filamentous species was Trichophyton rubrum (MIC = 43.75 μg/mL), which was comparable in potency to the control, fluconazole. The mechanism of action was investigated for inhibition of ergosterol biosynthesis using an HPLC‐based assay and an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Gallic acid reduced the activity of sterol 14α‐demethylase P450 (CYP51) and squalene epoxidase in the T. rubrum membrane, respectively. In vivo model demonstrated that intraperitoneal injection administration of GA (80 mg/kg d) significantly enhanced the cure rate in a mice infection model of systemic fungal infection. Overall, our results confirm the antifungal effects of GA and suggest a mechanism of action, suggesting that GA has the potential to be developed further as a natural antifungal agent for clinical use. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Casticin prevents DSS induced ulcerative colitis in mice through inhibitions of NF‐κB pathway and ROS signaling

Casticin, a compound purified from the Chinese herb Viticis Fructus, has been proven effective in preventing tumor progression in previous studies. Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a common inflammatory bowel disease that affects millions of people worldwide, but no effective and safe drugs are available. In this study, we aimed to study how did casticin affect UC by evaluating its effects on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)‐induced colitis in mice. Our data suggested that casticin attenuated body weight loss, colon length shortening, and pathological damage in the colon of DSS‐treated mice. Casticin decreased reactive oxygen species level and chemocytokines (IL‐1β, IL‐6, TNF‐α) productions in colon tissue. The decreased reactive oxygen species level and suppressed proinflammatory cytokines productions were also confirmed in casticin‐treated LPS‐stimulated RAW264.7 cells and hydrogen peroxide‐treated CACO‐2 cells in vitro. Mechanistically, casticin treatment prevented the profound activation of AKT signaling caused by DSS administration. And casticin inhibited the productions of proinflammatory chemocytokines through downregulating AKT/NF‐κB pathway in macrophages. Meanwhile, data revealed that casticin increased expressions of endogenous antioxidants peroxiredoxin 3 and MnSOD were through activation in FOXO3α signaling by downregulating AKT signaling in colon epithelium cells. Our findings demonstrated that casticin alleviated DSS‐induced UC by increasing the antioxidant enzyme peroxiredoxin 3 and MnSOD expressions, and decreasing the production of proinflammatory chemocytokines through inhibition of AKT signaling.     

益气活血冲剂对创伤骨折致肾脏损伤的保护作用

目的：探讨益气活血冲剂对创伤骨折所致肾损伤的保护作用。方法：将大鼠或小鼠分为空白组、对照组和实验组。分别于术后不同时期处死动物,测定三组的肾指数、肾中柠檬酸、DNA、RNA含量及^3H-TdR ^3H-UR参入率。结果：创伤骨折引起大鼠肾指数明显下降,^3H-TdR 参入受抑制,DNA含量降低,^3H-UR参入率和RNA含量升高;应用益气活血冲剂可以改善这些变化、促进DNA和RNA的合成。结论：创伤骨折后应用益气活血冲剂可以改善创伤引起的肾脏的变化。     

中医药治疗2型糖尿病的研究进展

综述了近年来中医药治疗2型糖尿病的进展。通过病因病机分析,强化了辨证论治,分型治疗和辨病论治,随证加减两大治疗原则;证实了中医药在防止或消除2型糖尿病的危险因素（肥胖、胰岛素抵抗、血脂代谢紊乱）、改善症状、防治慢性并发症方面具有明显的优势。     

哈蟆油对自然衰老雌性大鼠抗衰老能力的影响

目的:研究哈蟆油对自然衰老雌性大鼠抗衰老能力的影响。方法:SD雌性大鼠随机分组,老年对照组和青年对照组灌胃空白植物油,各给药组大鼠给予18g/kg、9 g/kg哈蟆油,连续给药6周,6周末各组大鼠腹主动脉采血分离血清,并取脑组织冰浴匀浆,检测血清、组织匀浆超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性和丙二醛(MDA)、过氧化氢(H2O2)的含量,以评价哈蟆油对自然衰老雌性大鼠抗氧化能力影响。结果:与老年对照组相比,哈蟆油高、低剂量组血清、脑匀浆SOD、GSH-Px活力显著升高,MDA、H2O2含量显著降低。结论:哈蟆油对自然衰老雌性大鼠具有提高抗氧化能力的作用。