Tissue-engineered trachea: History, problems and the future.

This review tries to summarize the efforts over the past 20 years to construct a tissue-engineered trachea. After illustrating the main technical bottlenecks faced nowadays, we discuss what might be the solutions to these bottlenecks. You may find out why the focus in this research field shifts dramatically from the construction of a tubular cartilage tissue to reepithelialization and revascularization of the prosthesis. In the end we propose a novel concept of 'in vivo bioreactor', defined as the design of a perfusion system inside the scaffold, and explain its potential application in the construction of a tissue-engineered trachea.     

颅脑外伤后肢体痉挛状态的显微外科治疗

目的 探讨显微外科治疗颅脑外伤后肢体痉挛状态的疗效.方法 回顾分析2006年7月至2008年7月实施的21例显微外科治疗颅脑外伤后肢体痉挛状态,根据不同病例采用相应的选择性周围神经部分切断术,包括:胫神经、肌皮神经、正中神经、尺神经和腰骶段脊神经后根,共计50个肢体.结果 术后随访2～24个月,全部患者术后立即感相应肢体痉挛状态缓解,随访期间缓解率为98%(49/50).随访期间运动功能改善率为86%(18/21),生活质量提高率为95%(20/21).术后发生肢体麻木、疼痛等感觉异常26个(52%),肌力下降18个(36%),随访期间均见好转.术后痉挛状态复发1个(2%).结论 选择性周围神经部分切断术是治疗颅脑外伤后肢体痉挛状态安全有效的方法.选择适应证及手术时机和术后坚持康复训练是保证疗效的关键.     

显微锁孔手术治疗脑干及其周围病变

目的 将显微锁孔手术应用于脑干及其周围病变的外科治疗，探求以最小的创伤来取得最佳的手术疗效。方法 采用颞下锁孔人路、乳突后锁孔人路、枕下正中锁孔人路，以20mm左右直径的骨窗进行脑干及其周围病变的显微手术治疗。结果 本组16例例病人术后3d内均行MRI或DSA检查，肿瘤或动静脉畸形全切除11例，次全切除3例，部分切除1例，1例小脑后下动脉瘤成功夹闭。术中输血3例。并发脑脊液耳漏1例，硬膜下积液1例，1例术后持续昏迷40d苏醒，无死亡及感染病例。结论 锁孔人路微创技术处理脑干及其周围病变，因其手术创伤小，疗效佳，费用节省，值得临床推广应用。     

人胎盘微绒毛膜的制备及其转铁蛋白受体研究

作者分别用差速离心法及蔗糖梯度离心法制备胎盘微绒毛膜(PMM),用受体放射分析法研究了PMM的转铁蛋白受体(TfB),结果表明:两种方法制备的PMM均可用于受体分析,但差速离心法更为简便。测定60例产妇PMM的TfR,其数目为3.53±1.98×10~(12)个位点/mg膜蛋白,最大结合容量为6.33±4.21×10~(-12)mol/mg膜蛋白,Kd值为4.95±3.39×10~(-9)mol/L。受体结合反应体系最适实验条件为,膜蛋白浓度每管50μg,标记物浓度每管50 000cpm,孵育30分钟,B/F分离的聚乙二醇浓度为12％(W/V)。对TfR的特性研究表明:TfR与转铁蛋白的结合具有高度亲和力、高度特异性及可饱和性。     

Clinical observation of Qi deficiency syndrome in 72 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease treated with Yiqi Mianyi Granule

Seventy-two patients of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) of Qi deficiency syndrome with abnormal immune indices were treated with Yiqi Mianyi Granule (YQMYG) and the efficacy was compared with that of 30 cases treated with Zhenqi fuzheng Granule (ZQFZG) for control. Results showed that the markedly effective rate of symptomatic improvement of Qi deficiency in YQMYG group was 65.3%, the total effective rate 93.1%. 88.6% of the immune indices lower than normal were corrected and 43. 7% of them were normalized, while for indices that were higher than normal the rate were 78.2% and 52.9% respectively. These results suggested that YQMYG could improve symptom of Qi Deficiency markedly, strengthen cellular immunity and regulate immune dysfunction. Its therapeutic efficacy was obviously superior to ZQFZG (P<0.Q5).     

B超诊断腰椎间盘突出症的临床价值(附64例分析)

报告经CT检查和临床治疗证实的64倒腰椎间盘突出症的B超检查结果,B超检出70个突出之椎间盘,CT检出73个,阳性率之比为70/73。70个突出椎间盘中,中央型5个,偏中央型20个,后外侧型44个,极外侧型1个;轻度30个,中度28个,重度12个。分型分度与临床表现及治疗选择有密切关系。B超检查与CT相此较,具有近似的诊断价值,但经济、实用,操作简单方便,值得推广。     

庚酸睾酮男性抗生育作用的临床研究

62名健康男性,自愿接受每周1次200mg庚酸睾酮(TE)肌肉注射的避孕方法研究。4人非医学原因中断试验,其余受试者先后实现无精子,自第1次注射TE到全部达到无精子的平均时间为108(58～232)天,在此后的连续12个月共592个妇女月避孕效果观察中,有1例怀孕,临床避孕率为98％(Pearl指数为2.02/100妇女年)。停药后,平均188(135～254)天全部受试者的精子密度恢复到用药前水平或高于20×10~6/ml。在用药期间,除预料的血清睾酮升高、促性腺激素(FSH、LH)受抑制、睾丸体积缩小、体重和血红蛋白轻度增加以及2例出现轻度痤疮外,其余检查,包括血脂代谢、肝肾功能、前列腺大小、血压和性功能等均无显著性改变。结果表明,由TE抑制生精作用的男性激素避孕方法具有效果好,可逆和毒副作用小的优点。     

维拉帕米灌注治疗前列腺术后膀胱痉挛性疼痛的临床疗效观察

为探讨前列腺术后膀胱痉挛性疼痛的药物治疗效果，将２６例前列腺增生行耻骨上经膀胱前列腺摘除术后频繁发作膀胱逼尿肌无抑制性收缩导致膀胱痉挛性疼痛者，按随机抽样法分为两组，第１组１５例接受维拉帕米膀胱灌注治疗，第２组１１例作为对照，不用任何可能影响下尿中功能的药物。     

Purification and chemical modification of porcine bone morphogenetic protein

Implantation of porcine bone morphogenetic protein (pBMP) in the muscle induces differentiation of mesenchymal-type cells and results in endochondral bone formation. pBMP was isolated from porcine demineralized bone matrix and purified by hydroxyapatite chromatography, Sephadex G75 gel filtration, preparative sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), preparative isoelectric focusing (IEF), and chromatofocusing fast protein liquid chromatography (FPLC). Porcine BMP has an MW of 26 K and a range of pI from 4.65 to 4.73 determined by SDS-PAGE and IEF, respectively. Reconstitution with the citrate buffer supernatant fraction enables as little as 50 micrograms of the soluble pBMP fractions to induce osteogenesis in an in vivo assay. Chemical modification studies indicate that the osteoinductive potential of the pBMP molecule depends on tyrosine, carboxyl groups, and disulfide bonds and can be increased by modification of sulfhydryl groups. Modification of arginine and tryptophan has no effect on bioactivity. By pepsin-limited proteolysis, fragments of pBMP with an MW of 6-14 K show definite, although reduced, BMP activity.