手术治疗氟骨症性胸椎管狭窄症

[目的]观察手术治疗氟骨症性胸椎管狭窄症的疗效,总结治疗经验。[方法]对2003年9月-2006年3月之间经手术治疗的15例氟骨症性胸椎管狭窄症患者进行回顾性分析,应用JOA下肢运动功能评分标准进行疗效评估。[结果]15例患者中,2例术后无明显缓解,13例术后神经功能有不同程度恢复,术前术后评分经统计学处理（P〈0.05）,具有显著差异。[结论]短节段整块揭盖减压与蚕食减压相结合为治疗氟骨症性胸椎管狭窄症较好的一种手术方式。     

5-Fu经过ENT还是CNT进入胰腺癌细胞

目的通过测定细胞内5-Fu浓度的变化,判断5-Fu进入细胞的通道。方法细胞培养至2×107后,分为ENT非阻断组和ENT阻断组,前者培养基中仅加入100 ng/L的5-Fu,后者培养基中加入100μmol/L潘生丁和100 ng/L的5-Fu,分别作用15、30、1 h、2 h、4 h后收集细胞,测定细胞中5-Fu含量,并计算单细胞中5-Fu的浓度。结果ENT非阻断组和ENT阻断组细胞内5-Fu的含量,在五个位点上均有较大的差异性(P<0.01)。结论5-Fu既可通过ENT进入细胞,又可通过CNT进入细胞。     

肾移植受者新发恶性肿瘤后免疫抑制方案的调整

目的总结肾移植后新发恶性肿瘤患者免疫抑制治疗方案的调整经验。方法分析1978年1月至2011年6月期间3279例肾移植受者中67例新发恶性肿瘤患者的临床资料。结果术后新发恶性肿瘤中,泌尿生殖系统恶性肿瘤最为常见（56.7%）。予以外科手术与免疫抑制剂减至半量或将钙调磷酸酶抑制剂转换为雷帕霉素相结合的个体化治疗方案。5年患者存活率为30%。结论对于移植后新发肿瘤患者,宜采取外科手术与免疫抑制剂减量或换药相结合的个体化治疗方案。     

住院患者假丝酵母菌血症危险因素与实验室非特异性检测指标分析

假丝酵母菌血症居临床血液感染的第四位,且呈现不断升高的趋势,因其难以早发现、早诊断和早治疗,病死率极高,达40%左右,受到国内外临床感染病学界的广泛关注[1-3].目前对假丝酵母菌血症的诊断仍以血培养为金标准,但血培养的敏感性低,耗时长,因此分析假丝酵母菌血症患者的临床特征、微生物学特点、实验室血液和生物化学检验等非特异性指标的变化规律,探索假丝酵母菌血症具有提示价值的实验室辅助诊断指标,可以为临床抗真菌经验治疗方案提供有意义的线索和依据.     

自拟痔洗方熏洗坐浴治疗炎性血栓性外痔53例疗效观察

为观察自拟痔洗方熏洗坐浴治疗炎性血栓性外痔的临床疗效,回顾104例炎性血栓性外痔患者资料,其中53例采用自拟痔洗方熏洗坐浴治疗（治疗组）,51例采用1：5000高锰酸钾溶液熏洗坐浴治疗（对照组）,对比分析两组疗效。结果显示,治疗组完全缓解25例,基本缓解14例,有效12例,无效2例,总有效率为96．2％（51／53）。对照组完全缓解13例,基本缓解10例,有效10例,无效18例,总有效率为64．7％（33／51）。两组总有效率差异有统计学意义,P〈0．01。结果表明,自拟痔洗方熏洗坐浴治疗炎性血栓性外痔疗效肯定。     

罗格列酮联用维甲酸在体内对直肠癌HCT-15细胞COX-2、MMP-7、TIMP-1表达的影响

目的：研究罗格列酮（ROS）联用全反式维甲酸（ATRA）对直肠癌裸鼠移植瘤HCT-15细胞COX-2、MMP-7、TIMP-1表达的影响,并初步探讨其抗肿瘤的机制。方法：建立直肠癌裸鼠移植瘤模型,荷瘤裸鼠随机分为未用药组、ROS组（ROS 25 mg.kg-1.2d-1）、ATRA组（ATRA 11mg.kg-1.2d-1）、ATRA联用ROS组[（ROS 25 mg＋ATRA 11 mg）.kg-1.2d-1]。灌胃40 d后,观察各组裸鼠移植瘤体积变化;利用免疫组化SP法观察移植瘤细胞中COX-2、MMP-7、TIMP-1的表达。结果：1）用药3组瘤体体积与未用药组比较均缩小,差别有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,ATRA联用ROS组的荷瘤体积缩小更明显（P〈0.05）;ROS组与ATRA组瘤体体积相当（P〉0.05）;2）用药3组移植瘤细胞内COX-2、MMP-7、TIMP-1的表达与未用药组比较均降低（P〈0.05）,且ROS组与ATRA组移植瘤细胞内COX-2、MMP-7、TIMP-1下降更明显（P〈0.01）,ROS组与ATRA组移植瘤细胞内三者的表达相当（P〉0.05）。结论：ROS与ATRA均有一定的抑瘤作用,ROS与ATRA联用可发挥协同抗肿瘤的作用,可能是通过抑制移植瘤细胞内COX-2、MMP-7、TIMP-1的表达而实现。     

手Ⅱ区屈肌腱损伤修复及早期康复治疗体会

目的探讨手Ⅱ区屈肌腱损伤修复及早期康复方法及疗效。方法对95例（163指）新鲜的Ⅱ区指屈肌腱损伤采用早期显微修复术,术后早期带支具康复功能锻炼。结果 95例均获随访,时间3-12个月。按TAM法评定疗效：优107指,良40指,中12指,差4指,优良率为90.2%。结论早期显微修复Ⅱ区指屈肌腱损伤,联合应用透明质酸钠,配合术后早期带支具功能锻炼,是减少术后肌腱粘连的有效措施。     

腘静脉肌袢代瓣术治疗重度原发性下肢深静脉瓣膜功能不全的疗效分析

目的研究腘静脉肌袢代瓣术进行深静脉瓣膜重建对重度原发性下肢深静脉瓣膜功能不全(PDVI)的疗效。方法选取106例CEAP分级4级以上患者,随机分为肌袢代瓣联合浅静脉手术组和单纯浅静脉手术组,对比两组术前、术后14 d及术后2年的静脉疾病临床严重度评分(VCSS)。结果两组术后14 d VCSS总分及疼痛、静脉曲张、炎症及溃疡评分均较术前明显下降(P<0.05),但组间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术后2年VCSS总分[(3.5±1.8)vs.(4.7±3.1),P=0.039]、静脉曲张(P=0.026)与水肿(P=0.021)评分肌袢组较单纯浅静脉组显著下降。结论对CEAP分级4级以上,且合并严重静脉水肿的PDVI患者,肌袢代瓣术联合浅静脉剥脱术远期疗效优于单纯浅静脉手术。     

双牵开摆动椎间盘镜技术治疗多节段腰椎间盘突出症

目的 评价双牵开摆动椎间盘镜技术治疗多节段腰椎间盘突出症的临床效果.方法 2006年12月至2009年11月,应用双牵开摆动椎间盘镜技术治疗多节段腰椎间盘突出症85例,椎间盘突出合并腰椎管狭窄53例,椎间盘突出伴腰椎失稳15例.两处开窗105例,三处开窗33例,四处开窗13例,五处开窗2例;15例伴腰椎失稳者行"全合"膨胀式融合器椎间融合+椎弓根钉内固定术.根据Macnab评分标准评价疗效.结果 术后随访3～36个月,平均16个月.两处开窗减压手术时间平均45min,三处开窗61 min,四处开窗83 min,五处开窗110 min;"全合"膨胀式融合器椎间融合+椎弓根钉内固定者另平均增加92min.术中出血量平均150ml;术中发生硬膜囊撕裂1例,马尾轻度损伤1例;术后发生切口浅表感染1例,下肢静脉血栓形成1例,"全合"膨胀式椎间融合器翻修1例.患者术后1～3 d下床活动,平均住院10d.疗效:优117例,良32例,可4例.132例患者术后3周内恢复原工作或生活.结论 双牵开摆动椎间盘镜技术应用时不必过度倾斜工作通道即可满足对临近椎间隙的手术操作要求,操作难度相对降低、显露理想、神经双牵开应力分散,更有利于保护神经,减压彻底,效果优良.

Abstract：

Objective To evaluate the effect of double tractors swing microendoscopic discectomy technique in multi-segmental lumbar disc herniation. Methods From December 2006 to November 2009,153 patients with multi-segmental lumbar disc herniation were treated with double tractors swing microendoscopic discectomy. They included 85 cases of multi-segmental disc herniation, 53 cases of degenerative canal stenosis and 15 cases of lumbar instability. Among them, 2, 3, 4 and 5 fenestrations were performed in 105,33, 13 and 2 cases respectively and interbody fusion was done with "quanhe" inflation cage and screws in 15 cases. The results were evaluated with Macnab scale. Results All the 153 patients were followed from 3to 36 months, with an average of 16 months. The mean operative time was 45, 61, 83 and 110 min for 2,3,4 and 5 fenestrations respectively, with a mean blood loss of 150 ml. And it took extra 92 min to finish interbody fusion. Complications included dural sac tears in 1 case,canda equina slight lesion in 1, superficial incision infection in 1, the formation of deep venous thrombosis in 1, and revision for"quanhe"inflation cage in 1. The mean hospital stay was 10 days. Excellent results were obtained in 117 cases, good in 32 and fair in 4. One hundred and thirty-two patients returned to their work or normal activities in 3 weeks. One hundred and forty-nine cases were satisfied with the therapeutic effect. Conclusion This technique not only can reach adjacent intervertebral space easily but also disperse pressure on the nerve root effectively. This technique can provide thorough decompression and good results.     

前外侧和外侧联合入路的股骨颈肿瘤刮除植骨及内固定术

目的 探讨前外侧和外侧联合入路肿瘤刮除植骨重建治疗股骨颈骨肿瘤的疗效.方法 2005年7月至2009年8月采用前外侧和外侧联合入路手术治疗股骨颈肿瘤12例,男7例,女5例;年龄1768岁,平均34岁.软骨母细胞瘤4例,原发性骨巨细胞瘤2例,纤维结构不良3例,骨囊肿3例.7例有病理性骨折,5例骨皮质变薄.按国际保肢协会股骨颈肿瘤分区H1区1例、H2区4例、H1,2区7例.前外侧Smith-Peterson入路行肿瘤刮除植骨,外侧Watson-Jones入路行内固定.内固定采用解剖钢板10例,经皮空心螺钉2例.结果 全部患者随访12～68个月,平均35个月.患者疼痛均消失,随访期间无复发,无病理性骨折、股骨头坏死、关节退变.1例出现股骨外侧皮肤麻木,术后6个月自行缓解;1例出现外展无力.11例恢复正常活动范围,前屈120°～135°,后伸9°～15°,外展30°～45°.国际骨与软组织肿瘤协会功能评分27～30分,平均29.2分.结论 前外侧SP入路可以充分暴露肿瘤部位,手术视野清晰,刮除彻底,复发率低;外侧WJ入路易于植入内固定,防止术后病理性骨折的发生.股骨颈骨折采用前外侧SP与外侧WJ联合入路肿瘤刮除植骨重建的近期疗效较好.

Abstract：

Objective To explore surgical procedure of combined anterior-lateral and lateral approach for the treatment of bone tumors of femoral neck. Methods Forty patients with bone tumors of femoral neck treated in Tianjin Hospital were included from July 2005 to August 2009. Of the patients, 12 who were treated with curettage and bone graft through combined anterior-lateral and lateral incision were analyzed in this study. There were 7 males and 5 females with an average age of 34 years ranging from 17 to 68 years. 4 patients were diagnosed as chondroblastoma, 2 giant cell tumor, 3 fibrous dysplasia, and 3 single bone cysts. 7 patients suffered from pathologic fractures, and 5 had presented thin cortical bone because of tumor involvement. There were 1 tumor located in H1 zone, 4 in H2 zone and 7 in H1,2 zone according to ISOLS femoral neck classification. All patients were treated by curettage and bone graft via anterior-lateral approach, 10 cases underwent internal fixation with anatomical plate, and 2 cases with canulated screws with lateral approach. Results The follow-up time ranged from 10 to 68 months with an average of 35 months.Pain disappeared in all patients, and there were not recurrence of tumor, pathologic fractures and avascular necrosis. One case had complained of lateral femoral skin numbness which may be caused by injures of femoral lateral nerves. One case had difficulties in the valgus of hip joint. The mean MSTS score was 29.2 points ranging from 27 to 30 points. Conclusion Anterior approaches of SP incision is helpful to thorough curettage which decrease the risk of recurrence due to good visualization and intemal fixation is easy to perform via lateral approaches. The result suggested that combined anterior-lateral SP and lateral incision is liable option in treatment of bone tumors of femoral neck.