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31.
Lymphocyte proliferation in response to acute heavy resistance exercise in women: influence of muscle strength and total work 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Dohi K Mastro AM Miles MP Bush JA Grove DS Leach SK Volek JS Nindl BC Marx JO Gotshalk LA Putukian M Sebastianelli WJ Kraemer WJ 《European journal of applied physiology》2001,85(3-4):367-373
Little is understood about the immune responses to heavy resistance exercise. The purpose of this investigation was to determine
the influence of physical strength and the ability to do more total work on lymphocyte proliferation after an acute bout of
heavy resistance exercise. A group of 50 healthy but non-strength trained women were recruited for the study and tested for
their one repetition maximum (i.e. 1 RM or maximal mass lifted once). From the normal distribution of strength the top and
bottom 8 women [mean age 22.5 (SD 3.1) years] were asked to volunteer to define our two groups (i.e. high strength and low
strength). The two groups were significantly different (P<0.05) in 1 RM squat strength [low strength 39.9 (SD 4.6) kg, 0.65 (SD 0.08) kg·kg body mass–1 and high strength 72.2 (SD 10.7) kg, 1.1 (SD 0.12) kg·kg body mass–1] but were not significantly different in body mass, age, activity levels, and menstrual status (all in same phase). Each
performed a resistance exercise protocol consisting of six sets of 10 RM squats with 2 min rest between the sets. The 10 RM
loads and total work were significantly greater in the high strength group than in the low strength group. Blood samples were
obtained pre-exercise and immediately post-exercise for test for lactate (significant increase with exercise) and cortisol
(no changes) concentrations with no differences noted between groups. Immunological assays on the blood samples determined
the incorporation of tritiated thymidine by lymphocytes in responses to concanavalin A (ConA), phytohemagglutinin (PHA), and
pokeweed mitogen (PWM). Following the squat exercise, there was a significant decrease in lymphocyte responsiveness to PWM
in the high strength but not in the low strength group for both total proliferation and proliferation adjusted per B or T
cell. On the other hand, lymphocytes from the low strength group proliferated to a significantly greater extent (adjusted
per T cell) in response to ConA and PHA. These data indicate that the heavy resistance exercise protocol reduced the lymphocyte
proliferative responses only in the stronger group of subjects. This effect may have been due to the high absolute total work
and the greater exercise stress created by the resistance exercise protocol in the high strength group. Therefore, individuals
performing at the same relative exercise intensity (i.e. 10 RM) in a resistance exercise protocol may have different immune
responses stemming from differences in absolute total work performance.
Electronic Publication 相似文献
32.
Zaitsev M D'Arcy J Collins DJ Leach MO Zilles K Shah NJ 《Physics in medicine and biology》2005,50(19):4491-4505
A new EPI-based method is presented which features optimized sampling of k-space enabling the integrated acquisition of two gradient echo images. The first of these images is predominantly T1 weighted and the second is T*2 weighted. The new method combines echo sharing of sparsely acquired high spatial frequency components with the keyhole technique and half-Fourier image reconstruction. The feasibility of acquiring high spatial and temporal resolution in vivo images for perfusion mapping is demonstrated. In contrast to most current perfusion methods, which acquire the T1- and T*2-weighted images in separate acquisitions, the need for image co-registration here is obviated since both sets of images are EPI-based and are acquired within the same measurement. 相似文献
33.
34.
Levels and specificity of antibody in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and serum in an animal model of trimellitic anhydride-induced lung injury 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
M J Chandler C R Zeiss C L Leach N S Hatoum D Levitz P J Garvin R Patterson 《The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology》1987,80(2):223-229
A study was undertaken to characterize the antibody response in rats exposed to trimellitic anhydride (TMA) by inhalation. Total antibody levels directed to trimellitic rat serum albumin (TM-RSA) from TMA-exposed rats were assayed by an ammonium sulfate technique. Total antibody levels in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and the matched serum were compared by correction for the albumin content of each. An ELISA was developed to detect IgG, IgA, and IgM directed toward TM-RSA in BAL and serum and to compare class-specific antibody levels in BAL and serum by normalizing for albumin content. The specificity of the rat IgG response was determined by ELISA inhibition with TM-RSA and TM-human serum albumin (TM-HSA) and compared with reciprocal inhibition studies with serum from TMA-exposed workers. The levels of total antibody in BAL were three to 15 times greater than the levels found in the matched serum pair. IgG, IgA, and IgM antibodies were detected in the BAL and the serum of TMA-exposed rats but not in control rats. In each of the four rats tested, all antibody classes were present in equal or greater amounts in the BAL than in the serum. Complete inhibition of the rat IgG binding in ELISA was observed when TM-RSA or TM-HSA were added as inhibitors. Human IgG was inhibited in ELISA only by TM-HSA. In an animal model of human lung disease, the levels of total antibody as well as class-specific antibodies directed against TM-RSA were greater in BAL than in serum.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) 相似文献
35.
Tibial dyschondroplastic (TD) lesions and their associated growth plates, obtained from chickens, were prepared by freeze-drying and embedding in an anhydrous epoxy resin. Quantitative electron probe analysis was performed on dry, unstained sections. Levels of Na, Mg, P, S, Cl, K, and Ca were determined in cytoplasm (endoplasmic reticulum), mitochondria, and extracellular matrix of the proliferative, prehypertrophic, and early hypertrophic zones of the growth plate and in the proximal, mid, and distal regions of the lesion. A zone of calcification in the growth plate was absent. The concentration of elements in all regions of the TD growth plate was the same as found in an earlier study for normal growth plate. The cytoplasm of proximal lesion chondrocytes was similar to that of early hypertrophic chondrocytes. However, in the remainder of the lesion there was a progressive increase in cellular Na, S, Cl, and Ca and a progressive loss of P. In matrix, there was less S and K than expected in all regions of growth plate and lesion, except in the proliferating zone. Also, in matrix of the distal lesion there was less Na and Cl. The levels of Na, S, Cl, and K in matrix may have been lowered by their adsorption into the condensed masses of dead cells. Mitochondria acquire only half as much Ca and P as normal and release it earlier than usual (ie, early prehypertrophic cells, rather than chondrocytes of the lower hypertrophic zone). There were no granules in mitochondria of the cells at all levels of the lesion, even though anhydrous methods were used. The first sign of the disease appears in the matrix of the growth plate, where it seems that S and K are in abnormally low amounts. Although there are sufficient levels of Ca and P present, the matrix does not calcify. The cartilage remains avascular, and the cells appear to be dying. The event that triggers the chondrocytes of the growth plate to form an abnormal uncalcified matrix is not known. 相似文献
36.
Phenotypically distinct subsets of CD4+ T cells induce or protect from chronic intestinal inflammation in C. B-17 scid mice 总被引:22,自引:0,他引:22
Powrie Fiona; Leach Michael W.; Mauze Smita; Caddie Linda Barcomb; Coffman Robert L. 《International immunology》1993,5(11):1461-1471
CD4+ T cells in the mouse can be subdivided into two fractionsbased on the level of expression of the CD45RB determinant.Previous studies have shown that these subsets are functionallydistinct. We have further characterized the properties of thesesubpopulations in vivo by injecting them into C. B-17 scid mice.The animals restored with the CD45RBhighCD4+ T cell populationdeveloped a lethal wasting disease with severe mononuclear cellinfiltrates into the colon and elevated levels of IFN- mRNA.In contrast, animals restored with the reciprocal CD45RBlowsubset or with unfractionated CD4+ T cells did not develop thewasting or colitis. Importantly, the co-transfer of the CD45RBlowpopulation with the CD45RBhigh population prevented the wastingdisease and colitis. These data indicate that important regulatoryinteractions occur between the CD45RBhigh and CD45RBlowCD4+T cell subsets and that disruption of this mechanism has fatalconsequences. 相似文献
37.
The spin-lattice relaxation time, T(1), of hyperpolarized (129)Xe in blood is sensitive to blood oxygenation. In particular, it has been shown that (129)Xe T(1) is shorter in venous blood than in arterial blood. We have studied the T(1) of hyperpolarized (129)Xe dissolved in human blood as a function of blood oxygenation level, sO(2), in the physiological oxygenation range. We show that the (129)Xe relaxation rate, T(1)(-1), varies in a nonlinear fashion as a function of sO(2). This finding suggests that direct interaction of xenon with the paramagnetic heme group of deoxyhemoglobin is not the dominant oxygenation-dependent relaxation mechanism for (129)Xe in blood. These results corroborate the idea that the oxygenation-dependence of (129)Xe T(1) is determined by conformational changes of hemoglobin induced by oxygen binding. 相似文献
38.
Self-medication with anabolic steroids by athletes, particularly in the sports of weight lifting and track and field, has become increasingly popular. In the 1983 Pan American Games, 15 athletes were disqualified for taking anabolic steroids. Athletes take steroids believing the steroids will allow increased periods of intensive training and will increase muscle strength with proper weight training. The athletes assume this increased strength and training will translate into better athletic performance. Most athletes taking anabolic steroids are taking very large doses with no thought as to the potential adverse side effects. They ignore the possibility of long-term problems relating to hypertension, liver dysfunction, and atherosclerosis for what they see as the immediate performance benefits. In an attempt to keep sports competition "clean" and to help protect athletes from harmful drugs, the International Olympic Committee (IOC) and the United States Olympic Committee have rules stating that the use of anabolic steroids is illegal. Drug testing is performed in Olympic and in many international competitions. Those people found using anabolic steroids are disqualified. This use of anabolic steroids indicates that for some athletes the need to win or to maximize performance supersedes any worries about future health. 相似文献
39.
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