Percutaneous coronary angioplasty of a left anterior descending artery implanted on a Dacron coronary prosthesis on an aortic conduit

Certain surgical techniques may make it difficult to catheterizethe coronary ostia and perform percutaneous coronary angioplasty.We report the case of a 48 year old patient who developed unstableangina four years after a Bentall's procedure with reimplantationof the coronary arteries on a Dacron coronary prosthesis. Theanginal pain was related to very severe stenosis of the proximalsegment of the left anterior descending artery. The difficulties encountered during the dilatation procedurewere due to: (a) the ectopic position of the ostium of the prosthesison the anterior aortic wall; (b) the forces exerted on the aorticprosthesis wall and on the valvular prosthesis during positioningof the guiding catheter which were poorly tolerated and induceda vagal reaction; (c) the direction taken by the distal tipof the guiding catheter, perpendicular to the wall of the aorticprosthesis; (d) the sinuosity of the arterial trajectory: theleft coronary segment of the coronary prosthesis was directedtowards the left circumflex artery rather than towards the leftanterior descending artery. Coronary angioplasty succeeded afterrelatively complex technical procedures: special guiding catheter,unusual intra-aortic manoeuvres for positioning the guidingcatheter, dilatation catheter change on a 3-metre long guidewire in order to cross the stenotic segment; this was performedwith a super lowprofiled dilatation catheter. There were nocomplications and anginal pain disappeared.     

Tumor-specific aneuploidy not detected in CD19+ B-lymphoid cells from myeloma patients in a multidimensional flow cytometric analysis

Aneuploidy and lg light chain restriction were used as separate, independent tumor specific markers to study 26 patients with multiple myeloma to determine whether bone marrow B cells, as defined by CD19 expression, are clonally related to myeloma plasma cells. Specimens were characterized using multidimensional flow cytometry to identify the presence of clonality in both the B lymphoid and plasma cell populations using both surface and cytoplasmic staining with antibodies specific for kappa or lambda lg light chain In none of the patients with multiple myeloma were CD19+ cells found to be clonally restricted to kappa or lambda. The monoclonal plasma cells (MPC) were found to be uniformly negative for CD10, CD19, and CD34, while the CD19+ B lymphoid cells present within the samples expressed normal intensities and relationships of these antigens, which allowed them to serve as internal positive controls. Combined analysis of call surface antigen expression and DNA content allowed plasma cell populations to be characterized for aneuploidy without interference from normal bone marrow cells. The MPC, detected on the basis of bright CD38 expression (CD38+2), demonstrated DNA aneuploidy in 65% of cases (DNA index range of 0.9 to 1.3). These aneuploid DNA distributions had typical cell cycle profiles (including G1,S and G2+M) expected of a proliferating population. In all cases, DNA aneuploidy was confined almost entirely to the CD38+2, CD19- malignant plasma cells, while cells expressing CD19 were diploid. These results support the concept that myeloma is a disease process mediated by self-replicating, late compartments of B- cell ontogeny.     

Effect of cell concentration on bone marrow and peripheral blood stem cell cryopreservation

The effects of cell concentration during cryopreservation on bone marrow (BM) or peripheral blood (PB)-derived hematopoietic progenitor cells have not been described. The much greater numbers of cells harvested for autologous PB stem cell (PBSC) transplantation requires that the cells be frozen at higher cell concentrations, or in much greater volumes, compared with BM. We cryopreserved 108 PBSC collections from 30 patients at an average (+/- SD) cell concentration of 3.7 +/- 1.9 x 10(8) nucleated cells per mL in 127 +/- 45 mL. The proportion of mononuclear cells was 52.9% +/- 27.2%. The products also contained 2.9 +/- 2.1 x 10(9) platelets/mL and an average red cell proportion of 12.9% +/- 7.2%. The nucleated cell recovery after thawing was 75.4% +/- 13.0%. The nucleated cell concentration during freezing was not predictive for the postthaw recoveries of nucleated cells (P = .38), granulocyte-macrophage colony-forming unit (P = .06) or CD34+ cells (P = .54), or for the viability of mononuclear cells (P = .81). The platelet and red cell concentrations similarly were not predictive for these endpoints. Samples (3 BM, 7 PBSC) from 10 patients were simultaneously cryopreserved at two-fold, and from 5 additional patients (PBSC) at 6- to 24-fold differing cell concentrations. A lower recovery of erythroid burst forming unit was found for samples frozen at higher cell concentrations (P = .04), but no significant differences were found in the other endpoints listed above. The average cell concentration during freezing for each patient's PBSC collections (n = 34 patients) did not predict time to achieve a PB count of > 500 granulocytes/microL (P = .51) or platelet transfusion independence (P = .39). Patients achieved these endpoints of engraftment at medians of 12 and 13 days, respectively. The infusion of these products was generally well tolerated. Similarly, the cell concentration at which BM cells were frozen did not predict for the duration of granulocyte (P = .63) or platelet (P = .36) aplasias for 54 patients undergoing autologous BM transplantation. These data suggest that PBSC or BM cells collected for transplantation may be cryopreserved at very high cell concentrations without loss of engraftment potential or undue infusion-related toxicity.     

胃癌中多基因甲基化状态及其表达的研究

目的了解胃癌中p16、E-cadherin、Runx3、DAPK和CHFR基因启动子CpG岛的甲基化状态,并探讨基因异常甲基化与mRNA表达的关系及其意义。方法采用甲基化特异性PCR(MSP)技术检测12例胃癌患者癌组织及其相应的癌旁正常组织中5种基因的甲基化状态,以12例胃镜活检的正常胃组织作为对照,采用RT-PCR方法相应检测了5种基因的mRNA表达水平。并分析每种基因甲基化程度与表达水平之间的关系。结果胃癌组织中,p16、E-cadherin、Runx3、DAPK和CHFR基因的甲基化率分别为41.7%、8.3%、58.3%、33.3%和58.3%,相应的癌旁正常组织中,p16、E-cadherin、Runx3、DAPK和CHFR基因的甲基化率分别为8.3%、0.0%、8.3%、8.3%和16.7%,且75%的胃癌组织中至少有一种基因甲基化,显著高于癌旁正常组织25%(P<0.05),而健康对照组织中无基因甲基化,在甲基化的胃癌组织中均无p16、E-cadherin和DAPKmRNA表达,而癌旁正常组织、非甲基化的癌组织中均有其表达。结论胃癌中多基因启动子CpG岛高甲基化是一个频繁的事件,并且基因启动子高甲基化与其mRNA表达缺失有关,这可能参与了胃癌的发生发展。     

反相高效液相色谱法测定岩黄连药材中岩黄连碱的含量

目的建立岩黄连药材中岩黄连碱的含量测定方法。方法采用反相高效液相色谱(RP-HPLc)法,以乙腈:水(50:50,内含0.34%磷酸二氢钾和0.17%十二烷基硫酸钠)为流动相,流速为1mL/min,检测波长为347nm,柱温20℃,进样量为20μl,外标法计算含量。结果岩黄连碱在0.1404～2.808μg内峰面积与对照品的进样量呈良好的线性关系,其回归方程为Y=2×10~6X-5 639.1(r=0.999 98)。平均回收率分别为98.8%,99.4%,99.3%,RSD分别为1.27%。1.11%,1.06%。结论所建立的RP-HPLC含量测定方法简便、准确、专属性强、重现性好。为控制药材岩黄连质量标准提供了依据。     

整合型支付:内涵、作用和实现条件*

医疗服务纵向整合是分级诊疗的重要内容，然而现有的医保支付方式的支付对象多为单个医疗机构，对机构间协作的激励不足。文章以“支付方式促进医疗服务体系纵向整合”为出发点，提出了“整合型支付”的概念，即以促进医疗机构间纵向服务连续和功能整合为目标的医保支付方式，并对其作用路径进行了分析，从管理考核、利益分配、薪酬绩效、 服务设计、信息建设等几个方面提出了整合型支付的实现条件。