白细胞介素1β和干扰素γ对小鼠胰岛素瘤βTC-6细胞胰岛素分泌功能的影响

目的探讨炎性细胞因子白细胞介素1β（IL-1β）、干扰素γ（IFN-γ）对小鼠胰岛β细胞株βTC-6胰岛素分泌功能的影响。方法将βTC-6细胞培养于高糖DMEM培养基,48h后换用无糖KRBH缓冲液培养30min,分别于含0、1．38、5．50和11．10mmol／L葡萄糖的KRBH缓冲液中孵育60min,放射免疫法检测细胞上清液中胰岛素水平（GSIS）。在BTC-6细胞中分别加入不同浓度的IL-1β（0．15、1．50μg／L）和（或）IFN-γ（10、100U／m1）,24h后换用无糖KRBH缓冲液培养30min,在含1．38mmol／L葡萄糖的KRBH缓冲液中孵育60min,放射免疫法检测细胞上清液中胰岛素水平。多组间数据比较采用单因素方差分析,两组间数据比较采用t检验。结果βTC-6细胞在1．38mmol／L葡萄糖刺激时胰岛素分泌达高峰,与无葡萄糖刺激时相比差异有统计学意义[（151±14）对（120±4）mU／L,t=-4．215,P=0．006];5．50、11．10mmol／L葡萄糖刺激时胰岛素分泌较1．38mmol／L葡萄糖刺激时明显下降（均P〈0．05）。与单纯1．38mmol／L葡萄糖刺激组相比,IL-1β（0．15μg／L）组[（85．53±5．06）mU／L对（103．11±0．27）mU／L,t=4．897,P=0．039]、IL-1β（1．50μg／L）组[（62．62±0．64）mU／L对（103．11±0．27）mU／L,t=212．66,P〈0．001]葡萄糖刺激下胰岛素分泌水平显著下降,下降程度与IL-1β的剂量呈正相关;与单纯葡萄糖刺激组相比,IFN-γ（100U／m1）组葡萄糖刺激下胰岛素分泌显著下降[（73．2±1．6）对（105．2±1．8）mU／L,t=19．52,P：0．003];与IL-1β（0．15μg／L）组及IFN-γ（100U／m1）组相比,IL-1β联合IFN-γ组葡萄糖刺激下胰岛素分泌显著下降（F=77．38,P〈0．001）。结论IL-1β和IFN-γ对13TC-6细胞的胰岛素分泌功能有抑制作用,且两者间具有协同效应。     

Diagnosis and management of jejunoileal diverticular hemorrhage: a decade of experience

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical features and management of jejunoileal diverticular hemorrhage at Changhua Christian Hospital over the past decade. METHODS: A retrospective study on the clinical features, treatment and outcomes of the patients with jejunoileal diverticular hemorrhage diagnosed from January 2000 to December 2010 was conducted. RESULTS: Twenty‐eight patients (male to female ratio 15:13) were enrolled in the study with a mean age of 73.9 years. Symptoms consisted of bloody stool (46.4%), tarry stool (82.1%), coffee ground vomitus (7.1%) and shock (39.3%). The mean duration of hospital stay was 13.5 days and the mean blood transfusion volume was 13.5 units. Eight patients (28.6%) underwent surgical resection, 9 (32.1%) received endoscopic therapy and 11 (39.3%) were administered conservative therapy. Five patients (17.9%) had recurrent bleeding during the follow‐up. Two patients (7.1%) died eventually. CONCLUSIONS: The management of jejunoileal diverticular hemorrhage has mainly been nonsurgical at our institution over the past decade. The decreased requirement of surgical intervention might be attributed to the improvement of diagnostic and treatment procedures during this period.     

白介素21基因联合放射对子宫颈癌HeLa细胞的协同抑制作用

目的 探讨外源性I L-21基因表达联合放射对子宫颈癌HeLa细胞的协同抑制作用.方法 将构建好的重组腺病毒Ad-IL-21转染人胚肾293A细胞,进行病毒扩增,采用TCID50方法测定腺病毒的滴度.将扩增的Ad-IL-21腺病毒于体外转染HeLa细胞,转染后进行6 Gy 137Cs γ射线照射,利用随机数字表法分为5组,空白对照组不加任何处理,含LacZ基因、但不含IL-21基因的对照腺病毒为Ad-LacZ对照组,Ad-IL-21组,单纯照射组以及联合处理组,观察HeLa细胞的细胞生长曲线、细胞周期、细胞凋亡、IL-21基因和蛋白表达的变化.结果 Ad-IL-21重组腺病毒在293A细胞中扩增成功,获得了高滴度的病毒颗粒,滴度为9×1010pfu/ml.Ad-IL-21组、单纯照射组和联合处理组中,HeLa细胞的生长均明显受到抑制,其中转染后96 h,与Ad-IL-21组和单纯照射组比,联合处理组HeLa细胞的抑制效应最显著(F=85.26、72.98,P＜0.05).联合处理组HeLa细胞发生G.期阻滞,S期细胞数量减少(F=36.69、34.83,P＜0.05),凋亡细胞数量增加(F=28.23、25.57,P＜0.05).联合处理组HeLa细胞中IL-21基因表达量分别是Ad-IL-21组和空白对照组的1.54倍和2.43倍(F=22.31、36.65,P＜0.05);蛋白表达量分别是Ad-IL-21组和空白对照组的1.62倍和2.31倍(F=27.36、35.86,P＜0.05).结论 IL-21基因联合放射对子宫颈癌细胞的抑瘤作用具有协同效应,有效地抑制肿瘤细胞的生长.     

The varying faces of gall bladder carcinoma: pictorial essay

The objective of this review is to highlight the pertinent imaging features and potential pitfalls in the diagnosis and staging of gall bladder carcinoma. This condition is notoriously non-specific on imaging on many occasions, particularly in its early stages; gall bladder carcinoma shows numerous features that overlap with a large number of benign conditions, leading to delayed diagnosis and incurable disease. Radiologists should be familiar with its typical and atypical imaging features.     

New variants of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus, china, 2011

In 2011, porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) infection rates rose substantially in vaccinated swine herds. To determine the distribution profile of PEDV outbreak strains, we sequenced the full-length spike gene from samples from 9 farms where animals exhibited severe diarrhea and mortality rates were high. Three new PEDV variants were identified.     

非ST段抬高急性冠脉综合征危险分层的现状与展望

急性冠脉综合征（Acs）是指冠状动脉血流突然受阻致急性心肌缺血的临床病症,现已成为影响人类身心健康的一个社会公共问题。根据发病时的心电图特征,临床上将ACS分为非ST段抬高和ST段抬高2种。由于非ST段抬高ACS（NSTE-ACS）冠脉存在严重狭窄,且心电图改变常常为一过性或短暂ST段压低,或T波倒置、低平,或“伪正常化”,导致临床上经常出现误诊或漏诊。而对NSTE-ACS患者进行风险评估,可以尽早筛查出高危患者。因此,本文主要对NSTE—ACS早期风险评估、出院前风险评估及现有危险分层做一综述,以便更好地了解患者所处的危险程度,指导临床策略。     

踝关节骨折的手术治疗

目的:探讨踝关节骨折的手术治疗及效果分析。材料与方法:通过对40例踝关节骨折的手术治疗,对手术结果分析评价。结果:40例踝关节骨折的手术治疗效果良好。结论:本组全部使用钢板螺钉固定,除一例外踝粉碎复位不良外,其余全部接近或达到解剖复位,术后关节功能恢复良好。     

Outcome of trabeculectomy in hospital Melaka, Malaysia

AIM: To study the success and outcome of trabeculectomy in Hospital Melaka. METHODS: Medical records of all patients who underwent trabeculectomy between January 1, 2007 and October 31, 2010 whom were followed up for at least 6 months postoperatively in Hospital Melaka were retrospectively reviewed. RESULTS: A total number of 117 eyes of 91 patients with the age range between 12 to 84 years underwent primary trabeculectomy (n=20, 17.1%), combine trabeculectomy with cataract surgery (n=90, 76.9%), repeat trabeculectomy (n=5, 4.3%), and combine repeat trabeculectomy with cataract surgery (n=2, 1.7%). The disease spectrum includes primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) (54 patients, 59.3%), priamry angle-closure glaucoma (PACG) (14 patients, 15.4%), secondary glaucomas (19 patients, 20.9%) and juvenile glaucomas (4 patients, 4.4%). Preoperative mean intraocular pressure (IOP) was (24.69±8.67)mmHg as compared to postoperative mean IOP of (15.81±6.66)mmHg, (15.07±4.72)mmHg and (15.68 ±3.65)mmHg at 6-month, 12-month and 24-month respectively. Eighty-two point one percent of eyes (n=96) achieved complete success (CS), 12.8% (n=15) with qualified success (QS) and only 5.1% (n=6) failed at 6 month with two of them warrant other filtering surgery. At twelve months, trabeculectomy with CS was 71.6% (n=63), QS in 22.7% (n=20) and failure in 5.7% (n=5). Sixty-seven point five percent (n=27) attained CS, 20.0% (n=8) with QS while 12.5% (n=5) failed at 24 month postoperative. CONCLUSION: As the understanding of the lower the IOP, the better the patients retaining the visual function, trabeculectomy is significantly a choice of treatment in uncontrolled glaucoma. This study concluded that trabeculectomy performed in Hospital Melaka has produced significant success as compared to other studies.     

哺乳期母体接触氯氰菊酯对子代雌鼠学习记忆的损害效应

目的 研究哺乳期母鼠接触氯氰菊酯对子代成年雌鼠学习记忆能力的损害作用及其可能机制.方法 12只ICR母鼠随机分成对照组、6.25和25.00 mg/kg染毒组(每组4只母鼠,每窝10只仔鼠,雌雄各半,即每组20只雌鼠),于子代雌鼠出生后第1～21天(PNDl～ PND21),每天经口灌胃给予母鼠氯氰菊酯(6.25和25.00 mg/kg)染毒1次,对照组母鼠给予玉米油.染毒后39d,采用六臂放射状水迷 宫检测PND60雌鼠的学习记忆能力.检试结束后,称体重,处死动物取脑称重并分离海马组织,用蛋白质免疫印迹(Western blotting)法检测海马中N-甲基-D-门冬氨酸(NMDA)受体NR1亚单位蛋白表达水平.结果 各组子代雌鼠体重和脑重的差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).经重复测量资料方差分析显示,在学习期,25.00 mg/kg染毒组子代雌鼠潜伏期[(31.3±17.0)s]长于对照组[(21.0±14.0)s];在记忆期,25.00 mg/kg染毒组子代雌鼠潜伏期[(24.6±21.1)s]较对照组[(14.1±16.3)s]延长,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).各组子代雌鼠在学习期和记忆期的错误数比较,差异均无统计学(P＞0.05).与对照组相比,25.0 mg/kg染毒组子代雌鼠海马组织NR1蛋白表达水平明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).结论 哺乳期母鼠接触氯氰菊酯在一定程度上损伤子代成年雌鼠学习记忆能力,可能与海马组织中NR1亚单位蛋白表达水平下降有关.     

抑郁在大学生负性生活事件和自杀意念关系中的中介效应

目的 探讨负性生活事件与大学生自杀意念的关系及其抑郁的介导作用.方法 采用整群抽样方法,调查某综合性大学本科生共1145名,通过症状自评量表(SCL-90)评定大学生近1周内自杀意念和抑郁症状,通过基本情况问卷了解大学生经历的负性生活事件,包括重大疾病、学习困难、经济困难和人际冲突,并通过中介分析探讨抑郁在负性生活事件与自杀意念关系中的介导作用.结果 负性生活事件中重大疾病(OR=2.5,P=0.028)、人际冲突(OR=7.2,P=0.002)和经济困难(OR=1.6,P=0.026)均导致自杀意念的产生,学业困难与自杀意念无相关性(OR=1.8,P=0.090).调整抑郁变量后,重大疾病和人际冲突对自杀意念的影响不再具有统计学意义,而经济困难对抑郁无影响,学业问题对抑郁和自杀意念均无影响,故抑郁是重大疾病和人际冲突与自杀意念的完全中介变量,而抑郁在经济困难、学业问题与自杀意念的关系无中介作用.结论 抑郁在不同负性生活事件和自杀意念的关系路径中所起的中介作用不同.