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81.
Taku Fujimura Aya Kakizaki Yumi Kambayashi Yota Sato Kayo Tanita Chunbing Lyu Sadanori Furudate Setsuya Aiba 《Experimental dermatology》2018,27(1):64-70
Together with regulatory T cells (Tregs), tumor‐associated macrophages (TAMs) play roles in maintaining the tumor microenvironment. Although cytotoxic antimelanoma drugs such as dacarbazine (DTIC), nimustine hydrochloride (ACNU) and vincristine (VCR) have been used for the treatment of malignant melanoma as adjuvant therapy in Japan, the detailed mechanisms of their immunomodulatory effects are not fully understood. As the majority of TAMs are alternatively activated M2 macrophages that favour tumor development, the aim of this study was to elucidate the immunomodulatory effects of these reagents on human monocyte‐derived M2 macrophages. First, mRNA expressions and protein production of immune checkpoint molecules, PD‐L1 and chemokines by CD163+ CD206+ M2 macrophages derived from peripheral blood mononuclear cells were investigated to determine the immunomodulatory effects of DTIC, ACNU, and VCR. DTIC and VCR significantly decreased PD‐L1 mRNA expression, which was confirmed by flow cytometry. Moreover, the mRNA expression and production of CCL22 were significantly decreased by DTIC, which suggested that DTIC might suppress the recruitment of Tregs in the tumor site. Furthermore, the decreased expression of PD‐L1 and production of CCL22 were validated in vivo, using the B16F10 mouse melanoma model, leading to abrogation of the suppressive function of T‐cell proliferation. The present report suggests one of the possible antimelanoma mechanisms of DAV combination chemotherapy for melanoma patients. 相似文献
82.
Background and Objective:Previous studies have shown that the default-mode network (DMN) has a substantial role in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). However, there is a shortage of information regarding variations in the functional connectivity (FC) of the DMN of treatment-naive patients with first-episode MDD. The present study aims to explore the FC of the DMN in such patients.Methods:The study population consisted of 33 patients and 35 controls, paired regarding age, gender, education level, and health condition. Depression severity was assessed through the Hamilton Depression Scale (HAM-D), and subjects underwent evaluation during the resting-state through functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI). To assess the result, we used FC and ICA. We used Spearman''s correlation test to detect potential correlations between anomalous FC and severity of HAM-D scores.Results:We have found a decreased FC in the left medial orbitofrontal gyrus (MOFG) and right marginal gyrus (SMG) in depressive patients compared to controls. There was a negative correlation between abnormal FC in the right SMG and HAM-D scores. We have not found any increase in FC of the DMN in treatment-naive, first-episode of MDD patients.Conclusions:Our study provided evidence of a negative correlation between abnormal FC in the DMN and severity of depression symptoms measured by HAM-D in treatment-naive MDD patients. This finding could shed some light on the relevance of DMN for understanding the pathophysiology of cognitive impairment in MDD. 相似文献
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Clinical Rheumatology - 相似文献
85.
Shaoyi Lyu Yanping Chen Shenjie Han Limin Guo Zhilin Chen Yun Lu Yuan Chen Na Yang Siqun Wang 《RSC advances》2018,8(24):13191
Traditional layer-by-layer (LbL) assembled electrodes are mostly multilayer composites formed on two-dimensional membrane materials. In this case, the electroactive material cannot enter the interior of the substrate. With porous aerogels as the substrate, the LbL assembly of the electroactive material into the three-dimensional aerogel skeleton can be realised, greatly improving the utilisation and the electrochemical performance of the electroactive material. To create a promising aerogel electrode for high-performance energy storage devices, we herein report an aerogel based on wood pulp fibre (WPF) and cellulose nanocrystals (CNC), for use as a porous substrate for LbL assembly of nanostructural polyaniline (PANI) and graphene oxide (GO) or carboxylic multi-walled carbon nanotubes (CMCNT). Owing to the uniformly distributed multilayer nanoarchitecture, interpenetrating channels, and hydrophilic character of the cellulosic aerogel substrate, the produced electrodes of (PANI/CMCNT)10 and (PANI/CMCNT)10 both display high specific capacitances, favourable capacitance retention, good cycling stabilities, and structural flexibility. In the three-electrode test, their gravimetric specific capacitances are as high as 716.62 and 636.63 F g−1, respectively. In addition, the assembled symmetric supercapacitors show good areal specific capacitances (1.95 and 1.49 F cm−2) in addition to high areal specific energies (168.64 and 113.57 mW h cm−2, respectively). These results demonstrate that the integration of the LbL-assembled electroactive materials and porous cellulosic aerogel substrate can be a promising strategy to design high-efficiency green energy storage devices.Cellulosic aerogel was used as a porous lightweight substrate to layer-by-layer assembly polyaniline and carbon nanomaterials for high capacitance supercapacitor applications. 相似文献
86.
目的 描述中国慢性病前瞻性研究(CKB)10个地区人群肺功能指标水平和气流受限现患率的地区差异。方法 剔除基线调查时肺功能指标异常个体后,分析10个地区512 495名30~79岁调查对象肺功能指标水平(FEV1和FVC)和气流受限(分别采用GOLD标准和LLN标准进行判断)现患率的地区差异。结果 10个地区男性的FEV1(2.66 L)和FVC(3.16 L)均高于女性(1.99 L和2.35 L);河南和哈尔滨人群FEV1和FVC高于其他地区。基于GOLD标准的气流受限现患率:男性(5.13%)高于女性(3.75%);农村人群高于城市(男性:6.32% vs. 3.47%;女性:4.26% vs. 2.97%);四川人群现患率最高(男性为13.34%,女性为10.70%),其次是苏州、河南和湖南。基于LLN标准的气流受限现患率(男性为6.93%,女性为6.29%)略高于GOLD标准,但地区差异近似。结论 CKB的10个地区人群无论在肺功能指标水平和气流受限现患率上均存在明显的地区差异。 相似文献
87.
目的 描述分析中国双生子出生体重变化趋势。方法 使用中国双生子登记系统在中国8个省份收集的1995-2012年出生的双生子人群(共10 827对),采用病例回顾方法分析出生体重各指标情况和变化趋势。结果 调整性别、卵型、出生地区后,出生年份每推迟5年,双生子出生体重平均值降低0.01 kg(P=0.041).随着时间变化,双生子优势方出生体重、劣势方出生体重均不同程度地降低,出生体重相对差与出生体重不一致率在2007年以后有升高趋势。结论 1995-2012年中国双生子出生体重呈下降趋势,出生体重不一致率逐渐上升。考虑到出生体重不一致与某些不良健康结局的风险存在关联,应对双生子出生体重不一致予以重视。 相似文献
88.
目的 描述中国慢性病前瞻性研究(CKB)项目10个地区人群食物摄入频率特征的地区差异。方法 CKB项目于2004-2008年在城市和农村各5个地区募集自愿参加的30~79岁常住居民进入队列并完成基线调查。本研究分析10个项目地区中512 891名30~79岁队列成员12组食物的摄入频率,描述各食物组摄入频率特征的地区差异。结果 南方城市(99.0%)和南方农村(99.9%)人群每天摄入的谷类食物以大米为主,北方农村(99.0%)和北方城市如青岛(88.4%)人群则以面食为主。河南人群每天摄入杂粮人群比例最高(98.8%)。甘肃人群每天摄入新鲜蔬菜比例最低(74.0%)。在南方城市人群每天摄入新鲜水果、腌制蔬菜、肉类及其制品比例高于农村地区,北方也存在相同现象。北方城市(37.1%)和农村(14.6%)人群每天摄入蛋类及其制品高于南方城市(6.5%)和农村(6.9%)。北方城市地区人群每天摄入豆制品、乳类及其制品比例最高,其中哈尔滨人群每天摄入豆制品比例最高(10.0%),青岛人群每天摄入乳类及其制品比例最高(34.3%)。结论 CKB项目研究人群谷类食物、蛋类及其制品、豆制品摄入频率存在南北差异,肉类及其制品、家禽及其制品、水产/海产品、新鲜水果、腌制蔬菜、乳类及其制品摄入频率存在城乡差异。 相似文献
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目的 了解杭州市城区不同特征人群的体力活动相关建成环境主观感知情况。方法 采用多阶段分层随机抽样方法在杭州市城区抽取25~59岁常住居民开展面对面问卷调查。社区步行环境量表简版(NEWS-A)用于评价居民对社区内住宅密度、场所设施多样性、公共服务可及性、街道连通性、步行道和自行车道适宜性、美观舒适度、交通安全、治安8个建成环境维度的主观感知。采用两水平logistic回归模型分析社会人口学特征和BMI等个体因素对居民建成环境主观感知的影响。结果 共纳入1 362例常住居民,性别、婚姻状况、是否有工作与建成环境主观感知各维度得分关联均无统计学意义。调整其他因素影响后,年龄45~59岁与街道连通性感知得分呈正相关(OR=2.02,95%CI:1.30~3.15)。大专及以上文化程度与人口密度感知得分存在正相关(OR=1.97,95%CI:1.29~3.00),与场所设施多样性感知得分呈负相关(OR=0.65,95%CI:0.43~0.97)。超重肥胖与步行道/自行车道(OR=0.67,95%CI:0.48~0.95)和社区治安得分(OR=0.75,95%CI:0.57~0.99)均呈负相关。相对于Ⅰ类区域,Ⅲ类区域居民对场所设施多样性(OR=0.11,95%CI:0.04~0.30)、公共服务可及性(OR=0.33,95%CI:0.11~0.95)、街道连通性(OR=0.30,95%CI:0.11~0.86)、交通安全(OR=0.39,95%CI:0.17~0.91)的主观感知得分更低。结论 杭州市城区居民对体力活动相关的建成环境主观感知与年龄、文化程度、BMI和居住区域存在相关性,开展人群体力活动的环境干预时需要考虑个体特征。 相似文献
90.