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991.
Cancer‐related information needs and cancer's impact on control over life influence health‐related quality of life among adolescents and young adults with cancer 下载免费PDF全文
992.
993.
Raquel Castillo-Oyagüe Rocío Sancho-Esper Christopher D. Lynch María-Jesús Suárez-García 《Journal of prosthodontic research》2018,62(1):10-23
Purpose
To evaluate the current status of all-ceramic inlay-retained fixed dental prostheses (CIR-FDPs) for the replacement of posterior teeth.Study selection
Screening of titles and abstracts, full-text analysis for inclusion eligibility, quality assessment, data extraction and evaluation of the scientific evidence were performed independently by two reviewers. The electronic databases MEDLINE/PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Compludoc were searched with no restriction to publication date or language. The quality of the studies was evaluated through: the original ‘QDP’ (‘Questionnaire for selecting articles on Dental Prostheses’) (for research papers); the ‘Guidelines for managing overviews’ of the Evidence-Based Medicine Working Group (for reviews); the Cochrane risk of bias tool; and the GRADE scale for grading scientific evidence.Results
This review started with 4942 articles, which were narrowed down to 23 according to the selection criteria. The data was not statistically treated because of the heterogeneity of the studies. Zirconia-based CIR-FDPs may be recommended for restoring posterior single missing teeth, although the prosthesis/tooth bonded interface has yet to be improved. The addition of lateral wings to the classical inlay preparation seems promising. The weakest parts of CIR-FDPs are the connectors and retainers, while caries and endodontic problems are the most common biological complications. The fabrication of CIR-FDPs with monolithic zirconia may eliminate chipping problems.Conclusions
A three-unit CIR-FDP is a viable treatment option for replacing a posterior missing tooth. Appropriate case selection, abutment preparation and luting procedures may be decisive for clinical success. 相似文献994.
F Eckstein CE Mc Culloch JA Lynch M Nevitt CK Kwoh S Maschek M Hudelmaier L Sharma W Wirth;for the OA Initiative Investigators Group 《Osteoarthritis and cartilage / OARS, Osteoarthritis Research Society》2012,20(11):1250-1257
OBJECTIVE: To compare unbiased estimates of short- vs long-term cartilage loss in osteoarthritic knees. METHOD: 441 knees [216 Kellgren Lawrence (KL) grade 2, 225 KL grade 3] from participants of the Osteoarthritis Initiative were studied over a 4-year period. Femorotibial cartilage thickness was determined using 3?T double echo steady state magnetic resonance imaging, the readers being blinded to time points. Because common measurement time points bias correlations, short-term change (year-1 to year-2: Y1?→?Y2) was compared with long-term change (baseline to year-4: BL?→?Y4), and initial (BL?→?Y1) with subsequent (Y2?→?Y4) observation periods. RESULTS: The mean femorotibial cartilage thickness change (standardized response mean) was?-1.2%/-0.8% (-0.42/-0.28) over 1 (BL?→?Y1/Y1?→?Y2),?-2.1%/-2.5% (-0.56/-0.55) over 2 (BL?→?Y2/Y2?→?Y4),?-3.3% (-0.63) over 3 (Y1?→?Y4), and?-4.5% (-0.78) over 4 years. Spearman correlations were 0.33 for Y1?→?Y2 vs BL?→?Y4, and 0.17 for BL?→?Y1 vs Y2?→?Y4 change. Percent agreement between knees showing progression during Y1?→?Y2 vs BL?→?Y4 was 59%, and 64% for BL?→?Y1 vs Y2?→?Y4. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.66 for using Y1?→?Y2 to predict BL?→?Y4, and 0.59 for using BL?→?Y1 to predict Y2?→?Y4 change. CONCLUSION: Weak to moderate correlations and agreement were observed between individual short- vs long-term cartilage loss, and between initial and subsequent observation periods. Hence, longer observation periods are recommended to achieve robust results on cartilage loss in individual knees. At cohort and subcohort level (e.g., KLG3 vs KLG2 knees), the mean cartilage loss increased almost linearly with the length of the observation period and was constant throughout the study. 相似文献
995.
996.
JC Forde L Marignol O Blake T McDermott R Grainger VE Crowley TH Lynch 《BJU international》2012,110(5):644-650
Study Type – Diagnosis (quality control) Level of Evidence 2b What's known on the subject? and What does the study add? Today, numerous assays for PSA detection are available from various manufacturers. However, these various assays do not detect PSA equally and several studies have demonstrated variability between them. In order to harmonise PSA results and reduce the discrepancies, reference materials are available for assay calibration. We have demonstrated significantly variability between 6 different assay methods currently in use in 9 hospitals despite assay calibration. Variability in PSA values was reduced with the standardisation of the assay method in 4 hospitals. Our results highlight the dilemma of PSA assay variability and stress the need for nationwide standardisation of PSA testing.
OBJECTIVE
- ? To determine whether standardization of total prostate‐specific antigen (tPSA) assay methods reduces variability in tPSA measurements.
PATIENTS AND METHODS
- ? Blood samples from 84 patients attending a single urology department were distributed across nine hospitals selected throughout Ireland for the independent determination of tPSA under the same conditions.
- ? The selected hospitals collectively used six different assay methods for tPSA detection: Beckman Hybritech WHO Calibrated (used as reference method), Tosoh AIA 1800, Roche E170 (used in three hospitals), Abbott AxSYM, Immulite 2500 2nd Generation (used in two hospitals) and Siemens ADVIA Centaur.
- ? The method of tPSA detection was next standardized in a subset of four hospitals using the same assay method and the measurements were repeated.
- ? The difference in mean tPSA in the cohort across the hospitals tested was determined and the Bland–Altman test was used to assess the agreement between each test. Analysis was performed over both the full (0.5–30 µg/L, N= 84) and a narrow (3–7 µg/L, n= 25) tPSA range.
RESULTS
- ? The range and the mean tPSA of the full cohort were inflated across the eight test hospitals, when compared with the reference hospital.
- ? The poorest agreement between assay methods was associated with a bias of 2.2 ± 2.4 µg/L. The variability in tPSA measurements between assay methods was inconsistent across the range of tPSA values tested and increased with increasing mean tPSA.
- ? Agreement in reported tPSA was excellent after standardization of tPSA assay methods (bias <0.2 µg/L).
- ? Over the narrow 3–7 µg/L PSA range, 12/25 (48%) patients had a tPSA range of values across all hospitals in excess of 2 µg/L. Following standardization of the tPSA assay method, patient tPSA ranges were <0.5 µg/L for 13/25 (52%) patients.
CONCLUSIONS
- ? We have shown that the lack of standardization of tPSA assay methods across a panel of Irish hospitals leads to significant variability in the measured tPSA values for the same patient samples.
- ? Variability in tPSA values was reduced with the standardization of the assay method in four hospitals.
- ? Standardization of PSA testing on a nationwide scale is warranted.
997.
Kohei Kishimoto Ryan P. Lynch Jamie Reiger Vanessa R. Yingling 《Journal of Sports Science and Medicine》2012,11(1):31-38
There have been few studies examining the short-term effect of high-impact activities on bone metabolism measured by bone serum marker concentrations. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of short-term high-impact jump activity on bone turnover in female college-aged non-athletes. Twenty six healthy females were randomly assigned to a control or jump group. The subjects jumped 5 days per week for 2 weeks. The participants completed 10 jumps per session. A general health questionnaire and a bone-specific physical activity assessment instrument (BPAQ) were completed. BPAQ scores were calculated based on the past history of exercise. Blood draws were taken in both groups before and after the two-week experimental period. The vertical ground reaction force (VGRF) of all jumps and jump height were measured for each subject daily and the osteogenic index (OI) was measured. Concentrations of serum osteocalcin (OC), Bone Specific Alkaline Phosphatase (BAP), C-Terminal Telopeptides of Type I Collagen (CTX) and plasma Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase (TRAP5b) were assessed pre and post jump protocol to measure bone formation and resoprtion respectively. A significant interaction (time x group) was found in TRAP5b, and BAP values (p < 0.05). There was a significant decrease in CTX and BAP values in the jump group (p < 0.05) after the two week jump protocol. No significant interactions or changes were observed in OC values for either the jump or the control group. Two weeks of jump activity consisting of 10 jumps/day for 5 days/week with a weekly osteogenic index of 52.6 significantly decreased markers of bone resorption (TRAP5b and CTX) and bone formation (BAP) in young female non-athletes.
Key points
- Please provide 3-5 bullet points of the study.
- Inductive qualitative methodologies can encourage the much-needed voice of female youth in sport and physical activity research.
- Vignettes serve, not only as a method to illustrate data, but also as a medium to teach contextually relevant information to participants and sport science service providers.
- The barriers and solutions to female youth engagement in physical activity are best understood through the perspectives of the intended participant.
- Female youth can serve as central informants in the development and analysis of research projects relating to female youth physical activity.
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999.
1000.
Brock KE Ke L Gridley G Chiu BC Ershow AG Lynch CF Graubard BI Cantor KP 《The British journal of nutrition》2012,108(6):1077-1085
The association between renal cell cancer (RCC) and intake of fruit, vegetables and nutrients was examined in a population-based case-control study of 323 cases and 1827 controls; dietary intake was obtained using a mailed questionnaire. Cancer risks were estimated by OR and 95?% CI, adjusting for age, sex, smoking, obesity, hypertension, proxy status, alcohol consumption and dietary fat intake and energy. Intake of vegetables was associated with a decreased risk of RCC (OR 0·5; 95?% CI 0·3, 0·7; P trend?=?0·002), (top compared to the bottom quartile of intake). When intake of individual nutrients was investigated, vegetable fibre intake was associated with decreased risks (OR 0·4; 95?% CI 0·2, 0·6; P?0·001), but this was not the case with fruit fibre (OR 0·7; 95?% CI 0·4, 1·1) or grain fibre (OR 1·0; 95?% CI 0·6, 1·5). β-Cryptoxanthin and lycopene were also associated with decreased risks, but when both were included in a mutually adjusted backwards stepwise regression model, only β-cryptoxanthin remained significant (OR 0·5; 95?% CI 0·3, 0·8). When other micronutrients and types of fibre were investigated together, only vegetable fibre and β-cryptoxanthin had significant trends (P?0·01) (OR 0·6; 95?% CI 0·3, 0·9) (OR 0·5; 95?% CI 0·3, 0·9), respectively. These findings were stronger in those aged over 65 years (P interaction?=?0·001). Among non-smokers, low intake of cruciferous vegetables and fruit fibre was also associated with increased risk of RCC (P interaction?=?0·03); similar inverse associations were found for β-cryptoxanthin, lycopene and vitamin C. When nutrients were mutually adjusted by backwards regression in these subgroups, only β-cryptoxanthin remained associated with lower RCC risk. These findings deserve further investigation in ongoing prospective studies when sample size becomes sufficient. 相似文献