CD147 and CD98 complex-mediated homotypic aggregation attenuates the CypA-induced chemotactic effect on Jurkat T cells

Homotypic cell aggregation plays important roles in physiological and pathological processes, including embryogenesis, immune responses, angiogenesis, tumor cell invasion and metastasis. CD147 has been implicated in most of these phenomena, and it was identified as a T cell activation-associated antigen due to its obvious up-regulation in activated T cells. However, the explicit function and mechanism of CD147 in T cells have not been fully elucidated. In this study, large and compact aggregates were observed in Jurkat T cells after treatment with the specific CD147 monoclonal antibody HAb18 or after the expression of CD147 was silenced by RNA interference, which indicated an inhibitory effect of CD147 in T cell homotypic aggregation. Knocking down CD147 expression resulted in a significant decrease in CD98, along with prominent cell aggregation, similar to that treated by CD98 and CD147 monoclonal antibodies. Furthermore, decreased cell chemotactic activity was observed following CD147- and CD98-mediated cell aggregation, and increased aggregation was correlated with a decrease in the chemotactic ability of the Jurkat T cells, suggesting that CD147- and CD98-mediated homotypic cell aggregation plays a negative role in T cell chemotaxis. Our data also showed that p-ERK, p-ZAP70, p-CD3ζ and p-LCK were significantly decreased in the CD147- and CD98-knocked down Jurkat T cells, which suggested that decreased CD147- and/or CD98-induced homotypic T cell aggregation and aggregation-inhibited chemotaxis might be associated with these signaling pathways. A role for CD147 in cell aggregation and chemotaxis was further indicated in primary CD4⁺ T cells. Similarly, low expression of CD147 in primary T cells induced prominent cell aggregation and this aggregation attenuated primary T cell chemotactic ability in response to CypA. Our results have demonstrated the correlation between homotypic cell aggregation and the chemotactic response of T cells to CypA, and these data indicate that CD147 and CD98 might play important roles in cyclophilin-induced cell migration.     

PCB77 Inducing Renal Tubular Cell Apoptosis

PCBs are a family of persistent environmental toxicants with a wide spectrum of toxic features, such as neurotoxic, hepatoxicity, immunotoxicity, endocrine disruption effects, and oncogenic effects. The kidney is the most important organ involved in the elimination of toxins and drugs. To date, little has been done to investigate the potential influence of nephrotoxicity of 3,3’,4,4’- tetrachlorobiphenyl (PCB77). By assessing cell viability and apoptotic cell death in renal tubular epithelial (NRK-52E) cells cultures, we found that PCB77 could decrease cellular viability at least at 30?μM concentration after 3?h exposure. PCB77 was demonstrated to promote DNA breakage resulting in apoptosis. Moreover, apoptotic subcellular morphological changes administration of PCB77 was observed using transmission electron microscopy. Appearance swelling of mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum dilation and chromatin agglutinate, and other apoptosis cells morphological characteristics could be visible. Due to increased PCB77 concentration, cells viability was decreased. Collectively, our findings identified the morphological mechanism that PCB77-induced nephrotoxicity via promoting renal tubular epithelial cells apoptosis. It is suggested that using and production of PCB77 should be carefully managed to reduce public health risks.     

A Case Report of Adrenocortical Adenoma Mimicking Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia in a Young Girl

Adrenal cortical tumors are rare in children. Secondary tumors associated with untreated congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) have also been reported in pediatric population. It is difficult for pediatricians to differentiate these 2 lesions.We described a 4.5-year-old girl who presented with symptoms and signs of virilization. Bone age was 9.5 years. Genetic analysis of CYP21A2 and CYP11B1 revealed a heterozygous mutation of CYP11B1 at c.1157C>T (A386V). No germline p53 gene mutation including R337H was detected.The patient was first misdiagnosed as CAH and treated with hydrocortisone for 3 months. Diagnosis of an adrenal cortical tumor was confirmed by laboratory data and abdominal computed tomography. After resection of the tumor, serum steroids normalized and clinical signs receded. The child received no additional treatment and remains disease free after 12 months of close observation. Histological examination showed neoplasia cells with predominantly eosinophilic cytoplasm and few atypical mitotic figures. The proliferation-associated Ki-67 index was <1% detected by immunohistochemistry.Neoplasm is a rare but significant cause of precocious puberty (PP). The possibility of neoplasms should always be considered early to avoid delayed cancer diagnosis and treatment in cases of PP.     

Primary Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Liver: Case Series and Review of Literatures

Primary squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of liver is rare, and its prognosis is extremely poor. This study aims at reviewing the clinical data of all pathologically diagnosed liver cancer in our institute, and discussing the clinical presentation, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of our cases of SCC and the literatures reported previously.All the patients undergoing liver surgery or biopsy for liver cancers from 2002 to 2013 in our hospital were reviewed, and the liver specimens were examined pathologically. A literature search for case reports of primary SCC of liver published until December 31, 2014, was performed on PubMed, MEDLINE, Scopus Elsevier, Cochrane, and Google Scholar. The primitive data of the case reports were all included and analyzed if available.From January 2002 to October 2013, 2210 cases of liver cancer were diagnosed pathologically in our hospital. Among, 4 cases (0.2%) were diagnosed as primary SCC of liver. All were negative for hepatitis B infection, but present with liver cyst and/or hepatolithiasis. One patient underwent radical resection, but died of tumor recurrence 18 months postoperatively. One patient received transcatheter arterial chemoembolization and 1 patient received laparotomy and alcohol injection, but died 9 and 4 months after surgery, respectively. The last patient received only biopsy and supportive treatment, and finally died of tumor metastasis 6 months later. From 1970 to 2014, 31 cases of primary liver SCC have been published in English previously. Thirty one cases and the 4 cases in the present study were included. The average age of the patients were 54 years (range 18–83), with a male to female ratio of 19:16. Twenty patients had liver cysts, 7 had bile duct stones, and 2 cases had both. Patients undergoing radical surgery had better prognosis than those undergoing palliative treatments (median survival 17 vs 5 months, P = 0.005, log-rank test). Patients with liver cysts seemed to have worse prognosis than those with bile duct stones (median survival 7 vs 18 months, P = 0.090, log-rank test).Primary liver SCC seems to be mostly originated from liver cyst or hepatolithiasis. Radical surgery should be firstly recommended, although the prognosis might be unfavorable.     

康复治疗仪结合乳房按摩对剖宫产术后初产妇泌乳的影响

目的探索剖宫产术后早期应用康复治疗仪结合乳房按摩对初产妇泌乳的影响。方法采用便利抽样法选择2012年9月至2013年7月在皖南医学院弋矶山医院行择期剖宫产手术并希望母乳喂养的初产妇300例,将初产妇按入院顺序编号分为观察组A、观察组B和对照组三组,每组100例,对照组产妇按剖宫产术后护理常规护理;观察组在对照组的基础上,均使用产后康复综合治疗仪进行仪器护理,观察组A同时结合乳房湿热敷综合干预。比较三组产妇的泌乳始动时间,术后第24、48、72h的泌乳量及纯母乳喂养情况。结果观察组A和观察组B,平均泌乳始动时间均较对照组明显提前(P0.05或P0.01);术后24、48、72h泌乳量均较对照组明显增多(P0.05或P0.01);术后72h纯母乳喂养率分别为95%和89%,均明显优于对照组的74%(P0.01)。结论剖宫产术后早期应用康复治疗仪结合乳房按摩可促进剖宫产初产妇乳汁分泌,泌乳始动时间提前,乳汁分泌量增加,促进了母乳喂养。     

脐血细胞因子激活的杀伤细胞治疗肝癌患者的护理

目的探讨脐血细胞因子激活的杀伤(cytokine-induced killer,CIK)细胞治疗肝癌患者的护理方法。方法回顾性分析总结2012年5月至2014年4月解放军第105医院收治的接受脐血CIK细胞治疗的20例肝癌患者的临床资料。结果 20例患者均顺利完成治疗,无严重并发症发生,平均住院日(5.6±1.8)d。结论合理的护理可以有效避免接受脐血CIK细胞治疗的肝癌患者出现严重并发症,减轻焦虑心理。     

Endovascular management of intracranial aneurysms during pregnancy in three cases and review of the literature

We present three cases of cerebral aneurysms (1 unruptured; 2 ruptured) treated with endovascular techniques in pregnancies. The first ruptured case is a 28-year-old female on 20th gestational week. After the endovascular coiling, the patient suffered persistent hemiparesis and delivered a healthy baby by cesarean section. The second ruptured case is a 25-year-old female on 36th week of pregnancy. She died of aneurysm re-rupture after delivery of a healthy baby by cesarean section. The third unruptured case is a 31-year-old woman on the 26th gestational week of pregnancy who died of a giant basilar tip aneurysm after stent-assisted coiling. Ruptured aneurysm obliteration should be prioritized followed by vaginal delivery or cesarean section. The decision regarding the treatment of unruptured aneurysms should be carefully considered on a case-by-case basis. Stent-assisted coiling may be applicable to aneurysm during pregnancy.     

Anatomic variations of internal jugular vein,inferior petrosal sinus and its confluence pattern: Implications in inferior petrosal sinus catheterization

Objective

The purpose of this study is to describe anatomic variations of the internal jugular vein (IJV), inferior petrosal sinus (IPS) and their confluence pattern and implications in IPS catheterization. The anatomic route of IPS after going out of the cranium and its confluence patterns with IJV and will supply knowledge about typing of IPS-IJV junction.

Method

A review of the literature was performed.

Results

There might be different routes for entering the intracranial segment of the IPS and multislice spiral computed tomography (MSCT) is effective in identifying the confluences of the IPS with the IJV and their courses. It is important to find the confluence of IPS with IJV for diagnosis and treatment of intracranial lesions via venous route. Meanwhile, IPS diameter at the confluence can significantly affect success of catheterization.

Conclusion

The classification and the theory of the development of the caudal end of the IPS may be useful in establishing treatment strategies that involve endovascular manipulation via the IPS.