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71.
Tarciso A. F. Velho Peter V. Lovell Samantha R. Friedrich Christopher R. Olson Joshua Miles Paul A. Mueller Hagai Tavori Sergio Fazio Carlos Lois Claudio V. Mello 《Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America》2021,118(18)
The low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) is key to cellular cholesterol uptake and is also the main receptor for the vesicular stomatitis virus glycoprotein (VSV G). Here we show that in songbirds LDLR is highly divergent and lacks domains critical for ligand binding and cellular trafficking, inconsistent with universal structure conservation and function across vertebrates. Linked to the LDLR functional domain loss, zebra finches show inefficient infectivity by lentiviruses (LVs) pseudotyped with VSV G, which can be rescued by the expression of human LDLR. Finches also show an atypical plasma lipid distribution that relies largely on high-density lipoprotein (HDL). These findings provide insights into the genetics and evolution of viral infectivity and cholesterol transport mechanisms in vertebrates. 相似文献
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Sarah Prinsloo Diane Novy Larry Driver Randall Lyle Lois Ramondetta Cathy Eng Gabriel Lopez Yisheng Li Lorenzo Cohen 《Journal of pain and symptom management》2018,55(5):1276-1285
Context
Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a common side effect of cancer treatment and may adversely affect quality of life (QOL) for years.Objectives
We explored the long-term effects of electroencephalographic neurofeedback (NFB) as a treatment for CIPN and other aspects of QOL.Methods
Seventy-one cancer survivors (mean age 62.5; 87% females) with CIPN were randomized to NFB or to a waitlist control (WLC) group. The NFB group underwent 20 sessions of NFB where rewards were given for voluntary changes in electroencephalography. Measurements of pain, cancer-related symptoms, QOL, sleep, and fatigue were obtained at baseline, end of treatment, and one and four months later.Results
Seventy one participants enrolled in the study. At the end of treatment, 30 in the NFB group and 32 in the WLC group completed assessments; at four months, 23 in the NFB group and 28 in the WLC completed assessments. Linear mixed model analysis revealed significant group × time interaction for pain severity. A general linear model determined that the NFB group had greater improvements in worst pain (primary outcome) and other symptoms such as numbness, cancer-related symptom severity, symptom interference, physical functioning, general health, and fatigue compared with the WLC group at the end of treatment and four months (all P < 0.05). Effect sizes were moderate or large for most measures.Conclusion
NFB appears to result in long-term reduction in multiple CIPN symptoms and improved postchemotherapy QOL and fatigue. 相似文献75.
Seelwan Sathitratanacheewin Ruth A. Engelberg Lois Downey Robert Y. Lee James A. Fausto Helene Starks Ben Dunlap James Sibley William Lober Elizabeth T. Loggers Nita Khandelwal J. Randall Curtis 《Journal of pain and symptom management》2018,55(1):75-81
Context
Recent analyses of Medicare data show decreases over time in intensity of end-of-life care. Few studies exist regarding trends in intensity of end-of-life care for those under 65 years of age.Objectives
To examine recent temporal trends in place of death, and both hospital and intensive care unit (ICU) utilization, for age-stratified decedents with chronic, life-limiting diagnoses (<65 vs. ≥65 years) who received care in a large healthcare system.Methods
Retrospective cohort using death certificates and electronic health records for 22,068 patients with chronic illnesses who died between 2010 and 2015. We examined utilization overall and stratified by age using multiple regression.Results
The proportion of deaths at home did not change, but hospital admissions in the last 30 days of life decreased significantly from 2010 to 2015 (hospital b = ?0.026; CI = ?0.041, ?0.012). ICU admissions in the last 30 days also declined over time for the full sample and for patients aged 65 years or older (overall b = ?0.023; CI = ?0.039, ?0.007), but was not significant for younger decedents. Length of stay (LOS) did not decrease for those using the hospital or ICU.Conclusion
From 2010 to 2015, we observed a decrease in hospital admissions for all age groups and in ICU admissions for those over 65 years. As there were no changes in the proportion of patients with chronic illness who died at home nor in hospital or ICU LOS in the last 30 days, hospital and ICU admissions in the last 30 days may be a more responsive quality metric than site of death or LOS for palliative care interventions. 相似文献76.
Vitamin D Analogue: Potent Antiproliferative Effects on Cancer Cell Lines and Lack of Hypercalcemic Activity
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Gary P. Wormser Maria E. Aguero-Rosenfeld Mary E. Cox John Nowakowski Robert B. Nadelman Diane Holmgren Donna McKenna Susan Bittker Lois Zentmaier Denise Cooper Dionysios Liveris Ira Schwartz Harold W. Horowitz 《Journal of clinical microbiology》2013,51(3):954-958
Lyme disease is transmitted by the bite of certain Ixodes ticks, which can also transmit Anaplasma phagocytophilum, the cause of human granulocytic anaplasmosis (HGA). Although culture can be used to identify patients infected with A. phagocytophilum and is the microbiologic gold standard, few studies have evaluated culture-confirmed patients with HGA. We conducted a prospective study in which blood culture was used to detect HGA infection in patients with a compatible clinical illness. Early Lyme disease was defined by the presence of erythema migrans. The epidemiologic, clinical, and laboratory features of 44 patients with culture-confirmed HGA were compared with those of a convenience sample of 62 patients with early Lyme disease. Coinfected patients were excluded. Patients with HGA had more symptoms (P = 0.003) and had a higher body temperature on presentation (P < 0.001) than patients with early Lyme disease. HGA patients were also more likely to have a headache, dizziness, myalgias, abdominal pain, anorexia, leukopenia, lymphopenia, thrombocytopenia, or elevated liver enzymes. A direct correlation between the number of symptoms and the duration of illness at time of presentation (rho = 0.389, P = 0.009) was observed for HGA patients but not for patients with Lyme disease. In conclusion, although there are overlapping features, culture-confirmed HGA is a more severe illness than early Lyme disease. 相似文献