健康成人刺激性全唾液流速及一氧化氮含量的增龄性变化

目的:研究不同年龄阶段健康成人的刺激性全唾液流速及唾液一氧化氮含量的变化。方法:将97例健康成人分成4个年龄组,分别为青龄组(20~39岁)、中龄组(40~59岁)、老龄组(60~79岁)、长寿组(80岁以上)。在上午8:00~10:00空腹,以2.5ml/L洗必太漱口,以20ml/L柠檬酸刺激舌背前1/3,以双蒸水漱口后采集全唾液5min,记录样本容量,并计算其流速。用硝酸还原酶法检测唾液中NO浓度,并计算其唾液中NO的单位时间含量。结果:(1)青龄组刺激性全唾液流速高于中龄组、老龄组、长寿组(P<0.05);中龄组、老龄组、长寿组之间唾液流速无显著性差异(P>0.05);(2)不同年龄组间两两比较,刺激性全唾液NO浓度无显著性差异(P>0.05);青龄组NO单位时间含量显著高于中龄组、老龄组和长寿组(P<0.05),中龄组、老龄组、长寿组之间的NO单位时间含量无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论:(1)中老年人群的刺激性全唾液流速显著低于青年人群;(2)随年龄增长,健康成人刺激性全唾液中的NO浓度未发生明显变化,但其单位时间含量呈降低趋势。     

螺旋CT分析颧颊翼种植体义颌颧区种植方向和部位

目的为上颌骨大型缺损后行颧颊翼种植体义颌修复时,颧区种植的植入部位及方向提供客观依据。方法通过50例有牙列的单侧正常颧骨的螺旋CT影像三维重建,在矢状位截面影像上测量颧骨的前后倾斜角度;在冠状位截面影像上观察颧骨的形态并测量上颌牙槽嵴最颊侧点到上颌窦最外侧点的水平距离。结果颧骨的前后倾斜角度平均为80.03°,即颧骨前倾9.97°;48例颧骨冠状位影像形态较直,2例明显弯曲;上颌牙槽嵴最颊侧点到上颌窦最外侧点的水平距离为6.77mm。结论一般情况下,种植体前倾10°左右植入能最充分地利用颧骨的上部骨量。但由于个体差异,建议修复前先行螺旋CT影像学检查,评估颧骨的形态和骨量,以提高种植的安全性和有效性。     

Dendritic-NK cell interactions in P. gingivalis-specific responses

Patients with localized aggressive periodontitis have type-1 cytokines in gingival crevicular fluid and high titers of IFN-gamma-dependent IgG2 reactive with P. gingivalis in gingival crevicular fluid and serum. Localized aggressive periodontitis monocytes spontaneously differentiate into dendritic cells that can stimulate IFN-gamma production by NK cells. These relationships prompted the hypothesis that P. gingivalis-dendritic cell-NK cell interactions might promote type-1 cytokine responses. Although P. gingivalis is not a potent inducer of Th1 responses, it stimulated strong IL-12 responses by monocyte-derived dendritic cells in the presence of IFN-gamma, and IFN-gamma was produced by NK cells within 24 hrs in the presence of dendritic cells. Anti-P. gingivalis IgG2 responses were enhanced by dendritic cells, and removal of NK cells reduced IFN-gamma- and P. gingivalis-specific IgG2. Thus, P. gingivalis-dendritic cell-NK cell interactions apparently resulted in reciprocal stimulation and increased type-1 cytokine production by both dendritic cells and NK cells, and increased P. gingivalis-specific IgG2.     

味觉出汗综合征的临床分析

为了观察味觉出汗综合征的发病情况,对100例行腮腺区手术的患者,作了客现的碘-淀粉试验检查。结果表明:行浅叶切除术者,其发病率(100％)明显高于包括肿瘤及其周围部分正常腺体的区域切除术者(发病率为18.18％)。放射治疗虽可降低味觉出汗综合征的发病率,但放射治疗后仍有复发可能。     

螺旋型牙种植体下颌磨牙区种植的尝试

磨牙区种植对种植义齿修复，特别是下颌总义齿的稳固和Ｈｅ力均匀分布非常重要。但是，由于下颌管走行于下颌骨体中间，盲目种植会损伤下齿槽神经和血管。作者采取Ｘ线测量，根据所测下颌管上壁至牙槽嵴顶的距离，选用一定长度的固位钉作种植；和对骨吸收严重者由下颌管上方去除舌侧骨板，解剖游离该神经血管束将其避开，选长钉植入，可抵达下颌下缘皮质骨，解决了此类病人磨牙种植的难题。作者对磨牙区种植的适应证、手术方法及可能     

非血管化游离骨移植中细胞活力的实验研究

目的 :探讨非血管化游离骨块中细胞存活能力及数量与离体时间的关系。方法 :取狗非血管化游离髂骨块 ,在离体 2 5～ 15 0min的不同时间点 ,消化骨块获得细胞 ,进行活细胞计数。对消化获得细胞体外培养2 4h后 ,再进行活细胞计数 ,分析细胞存活与离体时间的关系。结果 :在离体 2 5～ 15 0min时间内 ,骨块细胞的存活率从 91.96%降至 9.5 2 %。统计学检验 ,2 5min组与 70min以前组之间没有统计上的差别 ,P >0 .0 5 ;2 5min组与 70min及其以后组之间有明显差别 ,P <0 .0 1。培养 2 4h后 ,以上各时间点的细胞存活率则从88.73 %到 3 .88% ,组间差别与刚离体时相同 ,但 70min后的各组活细胞率明显下降。结论 :非血管化狗游离髂骨块的离体时间对其中的细胞存活有明显影响 ,离体 70min可能是其关键点 ;在非血管化游离骨移植中 ,尽量缩短骨块的离体时间 ,有利于保存更多的活细胞     

Inhibition of the formation of oral calcium phosphate precipitates: beneficial effects of Chinese traditional (Kampo) medicines

Screening tests on the formation of calcium phosphate precipitates using 23 different kinds of Kampo medicines (Chinese traditional medicines) were carried out, at concentrations where the effects of chelation are not significant. Four of them, Hochu-ekki-to (TJ-41), Kyuki-kyogai-to (TJ-77), Oren-to (TJ-120) and Inchin-ko-to (TJ-135) showed an inhibitory effect on the formation of amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP). The inhibitory effect on the induction time and the rate of transformation to hydroxyapatite (HAP) varied greatly among the 23 Kampo medicines. We classified them according to their effects on increasing the induction time and/or decreasing the rate of HAP transformation. Ethane-1-hydroxy-1, 1-diphosphonate (EHDP) was used as the standard. This compound is a common toothpaste additive which decreases dental calculus formation. Two of the 23 Kampo medicines showed little or no inhibition either on the induction time or on the rate of HAP transformation. Twelve of them reduced the rate of HAP transformation by 20-40% and with 1.9- to 4.0-fold increases in the induction time. The remaining nine showed even greater activity. Keishi-ninjin-to (TJ-82), Dai-kenchu-to (TJ-100), Toki-to (TJ-102), Rikko-san (TJ-110) and San'o-shashin-to (TJ-113) showed the same inhibitory effect as EHDP. Shigyaku-san (TJ-35;5.2-fold), Dai-kanzo-to (TJ-84;4.9-fold), Oren-gedoku-to (TJ-15:12.7-fold) and Inchin-ko-to (TJ-135;9.5-fold) had a greater effect on the increase of induction time than EHDP and reduced the rate of HAP transformation by 50-60%. These results suggest that these nine kinds of Kampo medicines may have potential as anticalculus agents in toothpastes and mouthwashes.     

老年恒牙、年轻恒牙及乳牙釉质磨损性能的体外对比研究

目的探讨并比较各个年龄组人牙釉质磨损行为的异同.方法采用老年恒牙、年轻恒牙及乳牙各8个釉质样本,经体外模拟摩擦试验测得其磨损量,通过测量硬度和断裂韧性以及分析磨斑形貌和釉质中Ca、P、Si元素含量等揭示釉质的摩擦磨损机制.结果老年恒牙、年轻恒牙、乳牙牙釉质磨损量分别为(2.40±1.10)×10-12 m3、(3.50±1.83)×10-12 m3、(4.86±2.49)×10-12 m3,其中老年恒牙磨损明显小于乳牙(P＜0.05),年轻恒牙与乳牙、老年恒牙与年轻恒牙磨损量间差异无显著性(P＞0.05),但三者在机械性能和磨损特征方面均有所不同.结论各年龄组人牙釉质与陶瓷牙对摩时,主要发生磨粒磨损和断裂磨损,各类牙釉质超微结构的差异决定了其抗磨性能的不同.人牙釉质的硬度和断裂韧性测量值与磨损量无对应关系.