一肾一夹肾血管性高血压动物模型的制作

目的研究一肾一夹(1K1C)肾血管性高血压动物模型的制作。方法选用200~220 g体重的SD大鼠,制作1K1C高血压大鼠模型。随机分为正常对照组、单肾对照组(1K)、1K1C组、1K1C+BEA组。使用药物2-溴乙胺氢溴酸盐(BEA)破坏肾髓质。采用尾动脉袖套法测量各组大鼠血压的变化。结果1K组大鼠血压4周后有明显升高,与正常对照组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),但是1K组大鼠与正常对照组大鼠4周后血压远未达到肾血管性高血压入选标准;1K1C组大鼠血压在1周后开始升高,2周时已达到本实验高血压入选标准;1K1C+BEA组血压升高更明显,4周时血压与1K1C组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论本方法制作肾血管性高血压模型简单易行,成功率约80%。     

单一髂腹股沟入路治疗髋臼双柱骨折的疗效分析

目的:探讨单一髂腹股沟入路手术治疗髋臼双柱骨折的疗效.方法:选取2008年7月至2016年7月我院骨科收治的髋臼双柱骨折患者60例为研究对象,采用单一髂腹股沟入路手术成功复位后,前柱骨折运用重建接骨板螺钉固定,后柱骨折以拉力螺钉固定骨折端.按照Matta标准评估骨折复位情况,采用改良Merle D'Aubigne an...     

早期新生儿黄疸的动态监测及早期干预治疗效果评价

目的观察出生1周内新生儿黄疸的动态变化、高胆红素血症患儿病因分析及早期干预治疗的效果。方法利用经皮胆红素测定仪对我院产科出生的928例新生儿每日进行同一部位的皮肤测定,根据新生儿不同出生情况对超过胆红素值安全范围的及时给予口服药物或转儿科蓝光治疗。结果928例新生儿因高胆红素血症住院156例,高胆红素血症发生率为15.74%,无1例发生胆红素脑病。结论对新生儿黄疸进行监测和早期干预治疗,可大幅度降低高胆红素血症的发病率,从而防止胆红素脑病的发生。     

边防海岛战士心理健康状况及人格特征与应对方式的研究

目的了解边防海岛战士的心理健康状况,人格特征及应对方式的关系。方法采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)、艾森克个性问卷(EPQ)和简易应对方式问卷对960名边防海岛战士进行心理测试,了解他们心理健康状况,人格特征和应对方式特点及其影响因素。结果(1)边防海岛战士SCL-90各因子分均显著高于军人常模;(2)边防海岛战士应对方式与心理健康状况密切相关,积极应对方式与SCL-90某些因子相关,消极应对方式与SCL-90各因子均呈显著正相关(P<0.01);(3)边防海岛战士在面对应激时所采取的应对方式与人格特征密切相关,消极应对方式与人格问卷中的P分(精神质)和N分(神经质)有显著或高度显著正相关(P<0.01),积极应对方式与人格问卷中的P分(精神质)呈负相关,和E分(内外向)呈正相关。结论边防海岛战士心理健康状况差于军人总体水平,人格特征及应对方式对心理健康水平有较大影响。     

文山州2011-2020年外出流动人群新发现麻风患者流行病学分析

采用描述性流行病学方法,对文山州2011-2020年外出流动麻风患者人群进行流行病学特征分析。结果示2011-2020年文山州新发现麻风病例434例,其中外出流动患者129例(29.72%)。129例患者中,男101例,女28例,年龄11～57岁,其中≤14岁3例;职业分布以农民为主(114例,88.37%),其次是学生(7例,5.43%);患者主要来自丘北县(49例)和广南县(45例)。患者外出省份主要为广东省(60例,46.51%),浙江省(33例,25.58%),福建省(13例,10.08%);病例发现方式主要为皮肤科门诊为主(52例,40.31%),其次为自报(25例,19.38%);临床特征按联合化疗分型以多菌型为主(89.92%);II级畸残率15.50%;从发病到确诊时间平均18个月,传染来源以家内为主(占51.16%)。     

Cardiovascular adverse events in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia receiving acalabrutinib monotherapy: pooled analysis of 762 patients

Cardiovascular (CV) toxicities of the Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor ibrutinib may limit use of this effective therapy in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Acalabrutinib is a second-generation BTK inhibitor with greater BTK selectivity. This analysis characterizes pooled CV adverse events (AE) data in patients with CLL who received acalabrutinib monotherapy in clinical trials (clinicaltrials gov. Identifier: {"type":"clinical-trial","attrs":{"text":"NCT02029443","term_id":"NCT02029443"}}NCT02029443, {"type":"clinical-trial","attrs":{"text":"NCT02475681","term_id":"NCT02475681"}}NCT02475681, {"type":"clinical-trial","attrs":{"text":"NCT02970318","term_id":"NCT02970318"}}NCT02970318 and {"type":"clinical-trial","attrs":{"text":"NCT02337829","term_id":"NCT02337829"}}NCT02337829). Acalabrutinib was given orally at total daily doses of 100–400 mg, later switched to 100 mg twice daily, and continued until disease progression or toxicity. Data from 762 patients (median age: 67 years [range, 32–89]; median follow-up: 25.9 months [range, 0–58.5]) were analyzed. Cardiac AE of any grade were reported in 129 patients (17%; grade ≥3, n=37 [5%]) and led to treatment discontinuation in seven patients (1%). The most common any-grade cardiac AE were atrial fibrillation/flutter (5%), palpitations (3%), and tachycardia (2%). Overall, 91% of patients with cardiac AE had CV risk factors before acalabrutinib treatment. Among 38 patients with atrial fibrillation/flutter events, seven (18%) had prior history of arrhythmia or atrial fibrillation/flutter. Hypertension AE were reported in 67 patients (9%), 43 (64%) of whom had a preexisting history of hypertension; no patients discontinued treatment due to hypertension. No sudden cardiac deaths were reported. Overall, these data demonstrate a low incidence of new-onset cardiac AE with acalabrutinib in patients with CLL. Findings from the head-to-head, randomized trial of ibrutinib and acalabrutinib in patients with high-risk CLL (clinicaltrials gov. Identifier: {"type":"clinical-trial","attrs":{"text":"NCT02477696","term_id":"NCT02477696"}}NCT02477696) prospectively assess differences in CV toxicity between the two agents.     

The attenuation effect of potassium 2‐(1‐hydroxypentyl)‐benzoate in a mouse model of diabetes‐associated cognitive decline: The protein expression in the brain

Aims dl‐PHPB (potassium 2‐(1‐hydroxypentyl)‐benzoate) has been shown to have neuroprotective effects against acute cerebral ischemia, vascular dementia, and Alzheimer''s disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of dl‐PHPB on memory deficits and preliminarily explore the underlying molecular mechanism.MethodsBlood glucose and behavioral performance were evaluated in the KK‐A^y diabetic mouse model before and after dl‐PHPB administration. Two‐dimensional difference gel electrophoresis (2D‐DIGE)‐based proteomics was used to identify differentially expressed proteins in brain tissue. Western blotting was used to study the molecular mechanism of the related signaling pathways.ResultsThree‐month‐old KK‐A^y mice were given 150 mg/kg dl‐PHPB by oral gavage for 2 months, which produced no effect on the level of serum glucose. In the Morris water maze test, KK‐A^y mice treated with dl‐PHPB showed significant improvements in spatial learning and memory deficits compared with vehicle‐treated KK‐A^y mice. Additionally, we performed 2D‐DIGE to compare brain proteomes of 5‐month KK‐A^y mice treated with and without dl‐PHPB. We found 14 altered proteins in the cortex and 11 in the hippocampus; two of the 25 altered proteins and another four proteins that were identified in a previous study on KK‐A^y mice were then validated by western blot to further confirm whether dl‐PHPB can reverse the expression levels of these proteins. The phosphoinositide 3‐kinase/protein kinase B/glycogen synthase kinase‐3β (PI3K/Akt/GSK‐3β) signaling pathway was also changed in KK‐A^y mice and dl‐PHPB treatment could reverse it.ConclusionsThese results indicate that dl‐PHPB may play a potential role in diabetes‐associated cognitive impairment through PI3K/Akt/GSK‐3β signaling pathway and the differentially expressed proteins may become putative therapeutic targets.     

食管癌淋巴管的形态学观察

目的:观察食管癌淋巴管的形态分布规律、超微结构特征,为探讨食管癌淋巴转移机理提供形态学依据.方法:采用半薄切片光镜观察、超薄切片电镜观察人食管癌组织中央区、周边区和正常区内淋巴管的形态学变化.结果:食管癌中央区未见淋巴管,周边区淋巴管数量较正常区明显增多,管腔扩大;毛细淋巴管管壁破坏,细胞器发生明显改变.正常区毛细淋巴管的形态和超微结构未见明显改变.结论:毛细淋巴管壁的破坏和内皮细胞的开放连接可能是食管癌淋巴道转移的主要途径.     

Human Milk Metabolomics Are Related to Maternal Adiposity,Infant Growth Rate and Allergies: The Chinese Human Milk Project

The metabolomic profiles of Chinese human milk have been poorly documented. The objective of the study was to explore associations between human milk metabotypes, maternal adiposity, infant growth patterns, and risk of allergies. Two hundred mother–infant dyads from seven cities were randomly selected from the Chinese Human Milk Project (CHMP). Untargeted human milk metabolomic profiles were determined using HPLC-MS/MS. Two human milk metabotypes were identified using principal component analysis. Principal component (PC) 1 was characterized by high linoleic acid metabolites with low purine nucleosides and metabolites of glutamate and glutathione metabolism. PC 2 was characterized by high glycerophospholipids and sphingomyelins content. Higher PC1 scores were associated with slower infant growth rate and higher ambient temperature (p < 0.05). Higher PC 2 scores were related to higher maternal BMI and increased risk of infant allergies (p < 0.05). Future work is needed to understand the biologic mechanisms of these human milk metabotypes.