A temporary-sustainable team: A new multidisciplinary team model for severe trauma

The treatment of severe trauma, especially multiple injuries, requires multidisciplinary collaboration. The current study aims to highlight the challenges of consultation mode for severe trauma in general hospitals and emphasizes the need to create a new temporary-sustainable team. It suggests developing an information consultation mode and enforcing the fine management to improve the quality and safety of the medical treatment. The management mode of a temporary-sustainable team will reduce the cost and improve the treatment efficiency. Overall, a temporary-sustainable team has significant advantages over a traditional multidisciplinary team for severe trauma treatment.     

External validation of the post-varicocele repair semen analysis nomogram to predict total motile sperm count: A multicenter study

Total motile sperm count is an important parameter for predicting the probability of natural pregnancy. We have externally validated the Samplaski's post-varicocele repair semen analysis nomogram to confirm the predictive accuracy of total motile sperm count. A total of 300 patients who had undergone varicocelectomy between July 2016 and July 2019 from 4 treatment centres were included in this validation cohort study. The predictive performance of the externally validated nomogram was revealed by applying the Pearson correlation coefficient (R = 0.328; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.220–0.435; p < .001). Compared to Samplaski's nomogram result (R = 0.581; 95% CI 0.186–0.729), our study also revealed a statistically significant rate. However, it had a relatively lower correlation coefficient rate. Notably, the predicted total motile sperm count was lower than the observed post-varicocelectomy total motile sperm count. The calibration plot revealed that the discrepancy between the predicted and observed total motile sperm count was plausible. However, it had low explanatory power in this nomogram model. This validation study demonstrates that the post-varicocele repair Samplaski's nomogram predicts a relatively lower total motile sperm count than the observed count.     

玻璃体腔注射康柏西普治疗BRVO继发黄斑水肿的临床疗效观察

目的：研究玻璃体腔注射康柏西普治疗视网膜分支静脉阻塞(BRVO)继发黄斑水肿(ME)的临床疗效。

方法：回顾性分析。选取2016-03/2018-05经本院诊治的BRVO继发ME患者86例86眼,根据治疗方式不同分对照组患者43例43眼给予玻璃体腔注射雷珠单抗治疗,研究组患者43例43眼给予玻璃体腔注射康柏西普治疗。随访6mo,比较两组患者治疗前、治疗后1、3、6mo的黄斑中心区厚度(CMT)和最佳矫正视力(BCVA),记录随访期间两组患者的注射次数及并发症发生情况。

结果：治疗后1、3、6mo时,研究组患者LogMAR BCVA(0.57±0.29、0.42±0.21、0.38±0.12)和CMT(343.56±46.23、316.68±38.25、283.56±29.47μm)与对照组(LogMAR BCVA：0.58±0.30、0.43±0.23、0.40±0.13; CMT：345.47±46.53、317.83±38.46、284.34±29.56μm)比较无差异(P>0.05); 研究组患者平均注射次数(2.25±1.16次)明显低于对照组\〖(4.37±1.58)次,P<0.05\〗; 治疗期间两组患者均未出现持续性高眼压、眼内炎、视网膜脱落、玻璃体出血等并发症。

结论：玻璃体腔注射康柏西普治疗BRVO继发ME的疗效显著,安全性好,可明显减少注射次数。     

正常阴囊及其内容物的超声应用解剖

器官和组织的病理解剖是超声诊断疾病的客观基础。了解阴囊、睾丸、附睾的正常解剖特征和血管分布特点，是超声诊断这类器官疾病的必要条件。文中指出，睾丸大小形态、血管分布、动脉血流速度和阻力指数、附睾的大小、形态以及阴囊壁厚度等等都是诊断和鉴别诊断的主要线索，同时以大量的图片辅助说明。此外还阐述了应用彩色多普勒超声检查阴囊时如何提高仪器灵敏度，尽可能发现更细微、更全面的病变信息的技术要领。     

Punctate Inner Choroidopathy and Choroidal Neovascularization in Korean Patients

ABSTRACT

Purpose: To describe the clinical features and outcomes of punctate inner choroidopathy (PIC) in Korean patients

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients with PIC between 2004 and 2015. The main outcome measures included best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), presence of choroidal neovascularization (CNV), and optical coherence tomography findings. Patients with and without CNV were compared.

Results: Forty eyes of 26 patients were included. The final BCVA was better than 20/40 in 33 eyes (82.5%). CNV was initially present in 12 eyes (30.0%). The mean initial and final logMAR BCVA was poorer for eyes with CNV than for eyes without CNV. Eyes with CNV exhibited a larger myopic refractive error, inflammatory lesions confined within the posterior pole, and a decreased final subfoveal choroidal thickness compared with eyes without CNV.

Conclusion: PIC in the Korean population generally exhibits favorable visual outcomes, and eyes with CNV show more abnormalities and poorer outcomes.     

经皮肾镜取石术治疗肾结石的护理研究

微创经皮肾镜取石术是经皮肾造瘘,建立工作通道,结合气压弹道碎石治疗泌尿系统结石的一种微创手术,因其创伤小、疗效确切、术后恢复快等优点,在临床上广泛应用[1].虽然它是一种微创手术,但也有一定的并发症,加强病人围术期的护理是减少并发症的重要手段之一[2].为此,选择我科2005年12月-2007年12月的30例行微创经皮肾镜取石术病人,探讨其有效的护理措施,为临床诊治和护理提供一定的思路.现介绍如下.     

醋酸去氨加压素致低钠血症性脑病2例

例1为25岁女性宫外孕患者,于输卵管切开取胚术＋盆腔粘连分离术术后静脉滴注醋酸去氨加压素15μg,1次/12 h。第2天静脉滴注醋酸去氨加压素约30 min 时,患者出现谵妄、神志恍惚、抽搐、牙关紧闭,实验室检查血钠为125 mmol/ L（术前为142 mmol/ L）,考虑为醋酸去氨加压素所致低钠血症性脑病,立即停止输注醋酸去氨加压素并给予补钠等对症治疗,约10 min 后患者症状缓解。第2天患者神志清楚,血钠141 mmol/ L。例2为42岁女性患者,于肛周脓肿根治术后静脉滴注醋酸去氨加压素18μg,1次/12 h。用药第4天患者出现头晕、多汗、双手震颤,畏寒、尿少。第5天出现恶心,双眼上翻,双上肢强直阵挛,实验室检查血钠为124 mmol/ L（术前为141 mmol/ L）,头颅 CT 检查示大脑半球白质区广泛水肿,考虑为醋酸去氨加压素所致低钠血症性脑病。停用醋酸去氨加压素,立即给予补钠等对症治疗,1 d 后患者症状消失,血钠138 mmol/ L。     

缬沙坦胶囊质量一致性研究

目的：考察仿制药缬沙坦胶囊（VSC）与原研药代文（DIOVAN）质量是否一致。方法：依据《中国药典》2010年版,采用UV法检测VSC与DIOVAN在4种介质中的溶出过程;以相似因子（f2）法对两者体外溶出曲线进行相似性评价,也对企业生产质量进行评价,利用同一批次产品的溶出度精密度数据进行均一性评估和利用相似等效限法对不同批次产品的溶出度进行重现性评估。结果：VSC与DIOVAN在pH6.8磷酸盐缓冲液中15 min时溶出度均大于85%,其余三种介质（水、pH 4.5醋酸盐缓冲液、0.1 mol·L^-1HCl）f2因子均大于50;同一批内的溶出度数据精密度的相对误差RSD均小于10.0%,不同批次间的溶出限度值（Q）,均位于概率水平（δ）上下限值之间。结论：对VSC与原研DIOVAN两者在四个介质中的体外溶出曲线进行f2评价,结果显示两者具有一致性。此外无论是均一性或重现性的评估均十分良好,这显示生产企业的缬沙坦胶囊生产质量十分良好稳定,与原研药质量具有一致性。     

缬沙坦联合氨氯地平或氢氯噻嗪治疗对老年高血压患者血压变异性及一氧化氮、内皮素的影响

目的：探讨缬沙坦联合氨氯地平或氢氯噻嗪治疗对老年高血压患者血压变异性（ BPV）及一氧化氮（ NO）、血浆内皮素的作用。方法选择552例老年高血压患者,采用随机数字表法将其分为观察组和对照组各276例,给予观察组氨氯地平联合缬沙坦进行治疗,对照组给予氢氯噻嗪联合缬沙坦进行治疗,连续治疗3个月,对两组患者治疗后的BPV及NO、血浆内皮素的含量进行对比分析。结果治疗后,观察组24 h SBPV、日SBPV、24 h DBPV、日DBPV均较治疗前明显下降（t＝20．09、15．97、9．31、9．41,均P＜0．05）,对照组患者仅24 h SBPV及日SBPV[分别为（9．12±2．57）％,（8．43±1．97）％]显著低于治疗前（t＝12．31、9．53,均P＜0．05）;观察组治疗后日SBPV、24 h DBPV、日DBPV[分别为（7．21±1．34）％、（12．31±2．54）％、（10．59±2．73）％]显著低于对照组（t＝10．52、12．34、8．35,均P＜0．05）,治疗后两组NO[分别为（66．12±23．57）％、（68．29±21．52）％]与血浆内皮素水平[分别为（34．43±7．97）％、（34．21±7．34）％]显著低于治疗前（t观察组＝31．39,11．79,t对照组＝28．31,9．35,均P＜0．05）。结论缬沙坦联合氨氯地平或氢氯噻嗪能有效控制血压,明显升高NO水平,降低血浆内皮素水平,值得在临床中推广应用。