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991.
OBJECTIVE: To study the expression of neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and olfactory marker protein (OMP) in the developing olfactory mucosa of human fetuses. METHOD: The expression of NSE and OMP in the olfactory mucosa of 6 human fetuses (12, 16, 20, 24, 28 and 34 weeks) was studied using the technique of immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: NSE immunological positive reactions were seen in all 6 fetal mucosa from gestational 12 (G12) to G34, with plenty of positive-stained dual-pole neuron cells. At G12, the positive cells aligned tightly, the cell bodies were localized in the lower portion of olfactory epithelium and the positive-stained area occupied upper 2/3 of fetal nasal mucosa. With the development, the positive cells gradually became multilayer, but the density and the relative area of positive-cells reduced. At G34, the positive cells were located only in upper 1/3 of nasal mucosa. OMP-positive reactions were localized in a few dual-pole neurons at G12, the number was much less than NSE-positive cells in the same fetus. With the development, the OMP-positive cells gradually increased with most of the cell bodies located in the upper portion of epithelium, but number still relatively less than the NSE-positive cells at the same age. CONCLUSION: At G12, there were lots of olfactory neuron in the olfactory mucosa and only a few olfactory neurons had became mature. With the development, the olfactory epithelial area reduced but the number of mature olfactory neurons increased. At the last trimester, fetal olfactory sensor was almost matured. 相似文献
992.
闭孔疝的诊断和治疗 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
目的探讨闭孔疝的诊治方法。方法对15例闭孔疝病例诊治经过结合相关文献进行回顾性分析。结果15例中.术前确诊率仅20%(3/15),误诊率80%(12/15),全组均行疝环修补术,采用剖腹探查切口。本组治愈率100%,术后切口感染及愈合不良4例(21.67%),随访8例至今无复发。结论术前易误诊、漏诊;对年老体弱、多胎生育伴有不明原因肠梗阻表现的妇女,应高度考虑闭孔疝,Howship—Romberg征及Hannington—Kiff征阳性可确诊。疝环修补术是惟一有效的方法,首选腹腔内入路。早确诊.及时手术是减少并发症、降低死亡率的关键。 相似文献
993.
255例植入种植体支抗口腔正畸患者的护理 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:3
植入种植体支抗是将种植钉植入颌骨内作为正畸支抗的一种新的正畸矫治手段.报告了255例患者应用该技术矫治畸形的护理配合经验.术前准备好专用无菌包;术中根据不同种植方法进行护理配合,尤其要重视无菌操作;术后告知患者保持口腔卫生,采用正确的刷牙方法.本组无严重手术并发症,正畸效果良好. 相似文献
994.
995.
目的观察咪唑安定加入布比卡因对蛛网膜下腔麻醉维持时间和麻醉效果的影响。方法40例ASAⅠ级子宫切除病人随机分为咪唑安定组(试验组,11=20)和对照组(n=20)。咪唑安定组蛛网膜下腔注入0.5%重比重布比卡因2.5ml加咪唑安定1mg(0.2m1),对照组注入0.5%重比重布比卡因2.5ml加生理盐水0.2ml。观察运动神经阻滞(改良Bromage)、感觉神经阻滞(针刺法)、镇痛时间(VAS)、术者和患者对麻醉的满意率。结果咪唑安定组感觉和运动神经阻滞时间显著延长(P〈0.01),术者和患者对麻醉的满意率提高(P〈0.05)。咪唑安定组有效镇痛时间也显著延长(P〈0.001)。两组血流动力学、不良反应情况差别无显著性。结论咪哗安定加入布比卡因能显著延长麻醉作用时间,麻醉效应增强,而不良反应未见增加。 相似文献
996.
997.
Cefazolin plus ceftazidime versus imipenem/cilastatin monotherapy for treatment of CAPD peritonitis--a randomized controlled trial. 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Chi-Bon Leung Cheuk-Chun Szeto Kai-Ming Chow Bonnie Ching-Ha Kwan Angela Yee-Moon Wang Siu-Fai Lui Philip Kam-Tao Li 《Peritoneal dialysis international》2004,24(5):440-446
BACKGROUND: Peritonitis is a serious complication of peritoneal dialysis (PD). We studied the efficacy of imipenem/cilastatin monotherapy in the treatment of PD-related peritonitis. METHODS: We performed an open-label, randomized control study comparing imipenem/cilastatin monotherapy (treatment group) versus cefazolin plus ceftazidime (control group) in the treatment of PD peritonitis. The result was further compared to a historic group treated with cefazolin plus netilmycin. Outcome measures were primary response rate at day 10 and complete cure rate. RESULTS: We enrolled 51 patients in the treatment group, 51 in the control group, and identified 96 in the historic group. The primary response rate to the assigned antibiotics was 49.0%, 51.0%, and 49.0% for the treatment, control, and historic groups, respectively (p = 0.97). The primary response rate allowing for change in antibiotic was 82.4%, 90.2%, and 82.3%, respectively, for the three groups (p = 0.41). The complete cure rate was 72.5%, 80.4%, and 82.3%, respectively (p = 0.60). Tenckhoff catheter removal was needed in 6 cases in the treatment group, 6 cases in the control group, and 13 cases in the historic group (p = 0.90). CONCLUSIONS: We concluded that monotherapy of imipenem/cilastatin has similar efficacy compared to the two standard regimens of cefazolin plus ceftazidime or netilmycin in the treatment of PD peritonitis. 相似文献
998.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the possibility and reliability of the hyoid-sternohyoid graft transfer in the correction of server subglottic laryngotracheal stenosis, and delineate the operation skills and clinical results. METHODS: Seven patients with severe subglottic stenosis underwent laryngotracheal reconstruction using the hyoid grafts with sternohyoid muscle flaps (HG-SHMF). Five of these patients had traumatic subglottic stenosis, one with scar tissue of unknown etiology arising in the subglottic region, another with tracheal narrowing caused by inhalation of hydrochloric acid. RESULTS: All seven patients were successfully decannulated with moderate good voice. The average time from reconstruction to decannulation was 15.4 months. The stent was endoscopically removed with a range of 3 to 22 months; the mean time required for stenting was 9.6 months. Two patients who received additional salvage reconstruction procedures because of graft or stent displacement were extubated with improved voices and satisfactory airway. CONCLUSIONS: The HG-SHMF transfer was a single-stage reconstruction, relatively simple procedure that can restore an adequate airway and a good voice. Patients undergoing laryngotracheal reconstruction with HG-SHMF must have regular, long-term follow-up since graft displacement and recurrent granulation tissue or scar reformation can cause restenosis after an initially successful surgery. This procedure should be used in a large number of patients to further test its reliability. 相似文献
999.
Weijiang Zhao Fang Yuan Guilin Li Zhongfang Shi Yun Cui Yazhuo Zhang Zhongcheng Wang 《中国神经再生研究》2007,2(5):276-280
BACKGROUND: During formation of prolactin neoplasia, how cells and its structure in adenohypophysis affect prolactin cells should be further studied. Intermediate lobe can be regarded as a driving region to release prolactin (PRL) and may promote formation of prolactin neoplasia in pituitary anterior lobe.
OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of diethylstilbestrol (DES) on the expressions of μ and m-calpains in pituitary intermediate lobe of female Wistar rats.
DESIGN: Observational contrast animal study.
SETTING: Beijing Neurosurgical Institute.
MATERIALS: A total of 21 female Wistar rats, 3 weeks old weighing 70–80 g were housed with free access to tap water and standard pellet food. They were kept in a CL-grade condition, at (24±1)℃ and a humidity of (55±5)%, and with a 12 hours day-night cycle. Caprine anti-μ- and m-calpains antibodies were provided by Santa Cruz Biotechnology, CA, USA; rabbit-anti-PRL antibodies by Dako, Denmark; rabbit-anti-ACTH antibody by Boster Company, Wuhan.
METHODS: The experiment was carried out in Pathophysiological Department and Animal Laboratory, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute from August 2006 to January 2007. ① Rats were randomly divided into groups with 7 in each group, including vehicle control group, in which rats were injected intraperitoneally with sun-flower seed oil (1 mL/kg, twice a week) for 16 weeks; DES group, where animals were administered with DES (5 mg/kg, twice a week) for 16 weeks; DES + vehicle control group, in which DES was administered for 12 weeks at the same dose with those in DES group, and then was discontinued and replaced by sun-flower seed oil (1 mL/kg, twice a week) for the following 4 weeks. ② At 16 weeks later, pituitary tissue was dealt with HE staining and PRL immunohistochemical examination to observe evoke of tumor; meanwhile, immunohistochemical examination was used to observe expression of PRL of pituitary anterior lobe, expressions of μ- and m-calpains of pituitary intermediate lobe and distribution of adrenocorticotropin.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Expression of PRL of pituitary anterior lobe, expressions of μ- and m-calpains of pituitary intermediate lobe and distribution of adrenocorticotropin. ② Morphological observation of pituitary tissue.
RESULTS: All 21 rats were involved in the final analysis. ① Results of immunohistochemical examination: Morphological changes of neoplasia in DES group were strongly positive to PRL, and this suggested that formation of prolactin adenoma was observed in pituitary tissue. As compared with vehicle control group, expression of adrenoeorticotropic hormone (ACTH) was increased in both DES group and DES + vehicle control group. In addition, expressions of μ- and m-calpains in pituitary intermediate lobe were higher in DES group than that in vehicle control group. Otherwise, expressions of m-calpains in pituitary intermediate lobe was decreased in DES + vehicle control group, but expression of μ-calpains was still increased. ② Morphological observation of pituitary tissue: Gland tubes were orderly arranged in rats in vehicle control group. Anterior pituitary gland in rats of DES group demonstrated an apparent disappearance of gland tubes and a relatively large-scaled vasculature formation, namely the vascular lake lined by tightly arranged endothelial cells. Local integrated tumor cell arrangements were also detected. In addition, the border between the IL and the anterior lobe was locally blurred. The definite tumor-like changes in pituitary tissues were confirmed in 6 of 7 female Wistar rats in DES group, and one spontaneous occurrence of tumor formation was found in vehicle control group. In DES + vehicle control group, DES withdrawal led to the subtile emergence of gland tube cavity, although tumor-like cells still existed in 4 of 7 rats, suggesting occurrence of the tumor regression due to the withdrawal of DES.
CONCLUSION: A long-term application of DES can enhance the expressions of ubiquitours neutral cysteine protease in pituitary intermediate lobe and this suggests that both of them play a key role in release of hormone and formation of prolactin neoplasia through directly promoting PRL expression and release of neighboring pituitary intermediate lobe. 相似文献
1000.
以氯铂酸钾为原料,经硫酸氨铂(Ⅱ)中间体制得抗肿瘤药物顺糖氨铂(Ⅱ),操作简便,总收率46.1%。 相似文献