单臂多功能外固定架治疗开放性胫腓骨骨折122例

1临床资料1997-07/2004-06开放性胫腓骨骨折122(男84,女38)例,年龄16～61(平均32)岁.骨折部位,胫腓骨中上段40例,中段32例,中下段50例,局部皮肤软组织损伤按Gustilo分型:Ⅰ型12例,Ⅱ型41例和Ⅲ型69例.46例在处理骨折的同时Ⅰ期缝合伤口,其中4例出现局部皮肤坏死,后用游离植皮术使创面愈合.     

MR imaging of the calvarium: pictorial essay

Summary Magnetic resonance is unique in its ability to directly image the bone marrow. Thus, primary or secondary processes involving the bone marrow of the calvarium can be well visualized. In cases of superficial lesions, magnetic resonance demonstrates calvarial and bone marrow invasion. This is particularly important in cases where surgical preservation of the inner table in contemplated. Both erosion and involvement of the calvarium by intracranial processes can also be well visualized. Because of the ability of magnetic resonance to image in multiple orthogonal planes, it is particularly useful for precise delineation of the extent of lesions. Its ability to also image in oblique planes may aid in better demonstration of pathology. Use of both T1 and T2 weighted imaging sequences may also be of help in determination of the tissue type.

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Imagerie de la calvaria en IRM : essai préliminaire

Résumé L'IRM est la seule technique permettant de mettre directement en évidence l'os spongieux. Ainsi, les affections primaires ou secondaires primitives de l'os spongieux de la voûte du crâne peuvent être parfaitement visualisées. En cas de lésion superficielle, l'IRM montre l'invasion corticale et spongieuse de la calvaria. Ceci est particulièrement important lorsque on cherche à préserver la table interne de la voûte. L'érosion, aussi bien que l'envahissement de la calvaria par les processus intracrâniens, peuvent également être bien mises en évidence. La capacité de l'IRM de permettre des études dans plusieurs plans orthogonaux la rend particulièrement utile à la définition précise des limites de l'extension de ces affections. La possibilité d'obtenir également des images obliques améliore la mise en évidence de ces maladies. L'utilisation de séquences en T1 et T2 permet d'aborder les diagnostics tissulaires.

     

Traumatic carotid cavernous fistula: Anatomical variations and their treatment by detachable balloons

Endovascular balloon occlusion has become a standard mode of therapy in carotid cavernous fistulas. Many angio-architectural variations are, however, encountered in individual cases, some of which influence the therapeutic mode and outcome. We report on three patients with carotid cavernous fistulas treated by endovascular techniques.     

Bioinspired triangular ZnO nanoclusters synthesized by Argyreia nervosa nascent leaf extract for the efficient electrochemical determination of vitamin C

This work deals with the synthesis of bioinspired triangular ZnO nanoclusters (bT-ZnO NCs) from Argyreia nervosa nascent leaf extract for their effective antibacterial activity and further utilization as a platform for the electrocatalytic determination of ascorbic acid (AA; vitamin C) for applications in the agricultural domain. The structural, optical, and morphological characteristics of the synthesized bT-ZnO NCs were analyzed by UV-vis, FT-IR, XRD, AFM, SEM, TEM, HR-TEM, and EDX techniques. After this, bT-ZnO NCs were electrophoretically deposited onto an indium-tin-oxide (ITO) glass substrate and assessed for the electro-oxidation of AA by cyclic voltammetry (CV), and from this it was proven that bT-ZnO NCs had a very high electrochemical sensitivity of 29.88 μA cm⁻² toward AA and a low limit of detection of 0.5321 mM under the optimized experimental conditions. Thus, it provides a potential sensing platform for electrochemical studies to detect AA. Moreover, bT-ZnO NCs were preliminarily investigated for their antibacterial activity, and the obtained results showed that the bT-ZnO NCs have potency as an antibacterial agent.

This study reports the synthesis of bioinspired triangular ZnO nanoclusters (bT-ZnO NCs) from Argyreia nervosa nascent leaf extract and their use in the agricultural domain for the label-free detection of vitamin C and its antibacterial efficiency.     

Uterine MR imaging: effects of hormonal stimulation

Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging characteristics of the uterine corpus were evaluated in 40 women divided into five physiologic categories (nine premenarchal, 13 reproductive age not taking hormones, seven reproductive age taking oral contraceptives, six reproductive age taking gonadotropin releasing hormone analog, and five postmenopausal). Images were generated using a 0.35-T magnet and a double spin-echo technique. On both T1-weighted and T2-weighted images, premenarchal and postmenopausal uteri were small and relatively featureless. Uteri on T2-weighted images in reproductive age women not taking exogenous hormones showed variations in endometrial and myometrial width, signal intensity, and T1 and T2 values during the menstrual cycle. Oral contraceptives and gonadotropin releasing hormone analogs caused endometrial atrophy and alterations in myometrial signal intensity and T1 and T2 values. A detailed gynecologic history is therefore essential in the evaluation of uterine anatomy in patients undergoing pelvic MR imaging.     

Perirectal inflammatory disease: CT findings

The findings on computed tomographic (CT) scans were reviewed in 42 patients with perirectal inflammatory disease and suspected perirectal abscesses. CT was reliable for use in distinguishing perirectal abscesses from cellulitis and in localizing both supralevator and infralevator abscesses. CT allowed correct diagnosis of 13 surgically proved perirectal abscesses in ten patients, including three with residual abscesses after surgical drainage. In three patients with supralevator abscesses, the abscess was missed on initial surgical exploration. In patients without abscesses, CT was helpful in evaluating the extent of perirectal inflammation; however, it was not possible to determine its cause. The anatomy on CT scans of the pararectal spaces is reviewed, with emphasis on useful anatomic landmarks in the axial plane for distinguishing supralevator from infralevator abscesses.     

关附甲素的结构简化物及抗心律失常活性

为寻找活性高、毒副作用小的抗心律失常新药,以关附甲素为先导物进行结构简化,共设计合成了1-苯基-3-烷胺基-1,2-丙二醇类化合物14个和吲哚嗪类化合物9个。对抗氯仿诱发小鼠心律失常试验表明,Ⅰ₁,Ⅰ₂,Ⅰ₃,Ⅰ₇,Ⅰ₈,Ⅰ₁₄和Ⅱ27个化合物有较显著的抗心律失常活性,其中Ⅰ₂,Ⅰ₃,Ⅰ₇和Ⅰ₈抗心律失常活性优于关附甲素。     

Head and neck MR imaging in the pediatric patient

Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging studies of the head and neck (excluding the brain) were obtained in 49 children believed to have lesions of the head and neck. Seven children had normal images; in the remaining 42, lesions were divided into four categories: midline lesions, lesions of symmetric paired structures, facial lesions, and nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal lesions. All entities were well delineated by MR imaging. The imaging planes and sequences chosen depended on the suspected abnormality. Midline lesions were best imaged in the sagittal plane, lesions of paired structures and the face in the axial or coronal planes, and nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal lesions in the axial or sagittal planes. Intracranial extension of head and neck neoplasms was best evaluated in the coronal plane. Surface coils provided better resolution and were thus more useful in evaluating small superficial lesions; head or body coils were more useful in defining the extent of large lesions. T2-weighted images provided better differentiation between normal and tumor tissue in patients with head and neck neoplasms.