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希—内学习能力测验在中国聋儿中使用的信度和效度 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
采用经部分修改的希-内学习能力测验(H-NTLA)量表对全国21个省、市、自治区1758名3-17岁聋儿逐人测试。样本人群地区分布、家长职业构成与1990年全国人口普查资料一致。1758名聋儿智商呈现正态分布(g1=0.011P>0.05,g2=0.058P>0.05)。测试员间信度系数0.981(N=24),复测信度0.841(N=136),分半信度0.927(3-8岁)及0.854(9-17岁)。各分测验得分随年龄增加而增加,小年龄组增加明显,大年龄组增加缓慢。各分测验之间、各分测验和总离差智商之间大多数相关系数有显著统计学意义。智商与学习成绩(语文及数学)相关系数0.208(P<0.01N=224),与教师评语等级相关系数0.44(P<0.05df=16),表明经修订的H-NTLA量表适用于中国听力语言障碍人群进行智力评定。 相似文献
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Kristin AD Sauter Eli A Magun Mihail S Iordanov Bruce E Magun 《Cancer biology & therapy》2010,10(3):258-266
Doxorubicin is an anthracycline drug that is one of the most effective and widely used anticancer agents for the treatment of both hematologic and solid tumors. The stress-activated protein kinases (SAPKs) are frequently activated by a number of cancer chemotherapeutics. When phosphorylated, the SAPKs initiate a cascade that leads to the production of proinflammatory cytokines. Some inhibitors of protein synthesis, known as ribotoxic stressors, coordinately activate SAPKs and lead to apoptotic cell death. We demonstrate that doxorubicin effectively inhibits protein synthesis, activates SAPKs, and causes apoptosis. Ribotoxic stressors share a common mechanism in that they require ZAK, an upstream MAP3K, to activate the pro-apoptotic and proinflammatory signaling pathways that lie downstream of SAPKs. By employing siRNA mediated knockdown of ZAK or administration of sorafenib and nilotinib, kinase inhibitors that have a high affinity for ZAK, we provide evidence that ZAK is required for doxorubicin-induced proinflammatory and apoptotic responses in HaCaT cells, a pseudo-normal keratinocyte cell line, but not in HeLa cells, a cancerous cell line. ZAK has two different isoforms, ZAK-α (91 kDa) and ZAK-β (51 kDa). HaCaT or HeLa cells treated with doxorubicin and immunoblotted for ZAK displayed a progressive decrease in the ZAK-α band and the appearance of ZAK-β bands of larger size. Abrogation of these changes after exposure of cells to sorafenib and nilotinib suggests that these alterations occur following stimulation of ZAK. We suggest that ZAK inhibitors such as sorafenib or nilotinib may be effective when combined with doxorubicin to treat cancer patients.Key words: doxorubicin, ZAK, ribotoxic stressor, SAPKs, apoptosis 相似文献
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Background
Substantial regional health inequalities have been shown to exist in Turkey for major health indicators. Turkish data on hospitals deserves a closer examination with a special emphasis on the regional differences in the context of the rapid privatization of the secondary or tertiary level health services. 相似文献88.
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Melanoma/skin cancer screening in a Mediterranean country: results of the Euromelanoma Screening Day Campaign in Greece 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
A Stratigos† V Nikolaou† S Kedicoglou† C Antoniou† I Stefanaki† G Haidemenos‡ AD Katsambas† 《Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology》2007,21(1):56-62
Background Since the year 2000 a melanoma/skin cancer screening campaign has been organized annually in Greece in the context of the Euromelanoma Screening Day Campaign. Objectives We aimed to analyse the characteristics of the screened population, to recognize relevant risk factors and to identify the cases of histologically confirmed malignant melanoma (MM) in individuals with suspicious skin lesions. Methods An analysis of the completed screening forms from the years 2000–2004 was performed with respect to relevant demographic, epidemiological and clinical data. Results A total of 9723 individuals were screened, most of whom where below the age of 50 years (71%), female (59%), and of skin phototype II and III (76%). Sunburn during childhood was reported in 47% of participants, while 5% of the screened population had a personal or family history of melanoma. On clinical examination, 14.4% had actinic keratoses, 31.2% had dysplastic nevi, while 6.4% carried a presumptive diagnosis of non‐melanoma skin cancer. In the 2003–2004 screening campaign, 19 out of the 171 clinically suspicious lesions were histologically proven to be MM, the majority of which (58%) were ‘thin’ melanomas (Breslow's thickness of ≤ 1 mm) of the superficial spreading type. Conclusions Our study suggested that, a melanoma/skin cancer screening programme in a Mediterranean country, supported by an intense publicity campaign, attracted many individuals at risk for skin cancer and detected mostly thin melanomas of the superficial spreading type. 相似文献
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