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991.
Lazar I Weibel C Dziura J Ferguson D Landry ML Kahn JS 《Emerging infectious diseases》2004,10(7):1318-1320
We screened 23 children with severe respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) disease and 23 children with mild RSV disease for human metapneumovirus (HMPV). Although HMPV was circulating in Connecticut, none of the 46 RSV-infected patients tested positive for HMPV. In our study population, HMPV did not contribute to the severity of RSV disease. 相似文献
992.
993.
BACKGROUND: Activation of Ret oncogenes, particularly Ret/PTC, has been identified in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). The purpose of this study was to investigate the immunostaining pattern of Ret oncogene protein in PTC and nodular non-PTC lesions with a fine chromatin pattern. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ninety-three PTC and 139 nodular non-PTC lesions were microscopically reviewed to identify the nuclear changes of "limited nuclear features of PTC" (focal nuclear grooves, nuclear inclusions or optically clear nuclei) and areas of infiltrating carcinoma (IC) and were submitted for immunostaining with Ret oncogene protein antiserum. RESULTS: Immunoreactivity for Ret protein ranged from negative in follicular adenoma (FA) with a coarse chromatin pattern, to negative or weak reactivity in FA with a fine chromatin pattern, to strong reactivity in PTC with areas of infiltrating carcinoma (IC). In FA with fine chromatin, FA and follicular carcinoma (FC) containing an admixture of areas of coarse and fine chromatin, areas with nuclear changes with "limited nuclear features of PTC" displayed varying degrees of immunoreactivity. The intensity of immunostaining varied with the degree of nuclear change. The noninvasive component of PTC with IC usually showed more extensive and stronger reactivity than PTC without IC. PTCs with and without IC were associated with a rate of lymph node metastasis of 48% and 3%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The expression of Ret oncogenes (Ret/PTC, other unknown variants or wild type) is focally or extensively present in all PTC with IC. The degree of immunoreactivity is likely to be proportional to the potential for lymph node metastasis of PTC. In the context of this study and due to the specificity of Ret oncogenes, it is likely that nodular non-PTC lesions with a fine chromatin pattern and focal positive reactivity for Ret oncogene represent PTC-related lesions. 相似文献
994.
Jessica L. Thomson Melissa H. Goodman Alicia S. Landry Annie Donoghue Audrey Chandler Rachel Bilderback 《Journal of nutrition education and behavior》2018,50(9):868-875
Objective
Determination of feasibility of online nutrition education in the federal workplace.Design
Pretest–posttest pilot study with data collection occurring from September to December, 2016.Setting
Two US Department of Agriculture workplaces.Participants
Convenience sample of 26 federal government employees. Posttest response rate was 85% (22 of 26 employees).Intervention
A 12-week online nutrition education program designed and taught by registered dietitian nutritionists.Variables Measured
Program component satisfaction, use, and understanding ratings and clinical measures including body composition, blood pressure, and skin carotenoid level (biomarker for fruit and vegetable intake).Analysis
Paired t tests to determine whether significant changes occurred after the intervention.Results
Mean number of class videos viewed and program components used were 7 and 5 (out of 12 for both). Mean program component ratings ranged from 4.0 to 4.7 (n?=?12, maximum score of 5) for the surveyitems motivated/helped me to eat healthier. Statistically significant decreases were observed in body mass index, percent body fat, and visceral fat level.Conclusions and Implications
Online nutrition education in the federal workplace is feasible for some employees as evidenced by the program components’ high satisfaction and understanding ratings and high retention rate. Limited evidence was apparent for the intervention's positive impact on health outcomes. 相似文献995.
Seyoum Ayehunie Tim Landry Zachary Stevens Alex Armento Patrick Hayden Mitchell Klausner 《Pharmaceutical research》2018,35(4):72
Purpose
The study evaluates the use of new in vitro primary human cell-based organotypic small intestinal (SMI) microtissues for predicting intestinal drug absorption and drug-drug interaction.Methods
The SMI microtissues were reconstructed using human intestinal fibroblasts and enterocytes cultured on a permeable support. To evaluate the suitability of the intestinal microtissues to model drug absorption, the permeability coefficients across the microtissues were determined for a panel of 11 benchmark drugs with known human absorption and Caco-2 permeability data. Drug-drug interactions were examined using efflux transporter substrates and inhibitors.Results
The 3D–intestinal microtissues recapitulate the structural features and physiological barrier properties of the human small intestine. The microtissues also expressed drug transporters and metabolizing enzymes found on the intestinal wall. Functionally, the SMI microtissues were able to discriminate between low and high permeability drugs and correlated better with human absorption data (r2?=?0.91) compared to Caco-2 cells (r2?=?0.71). Finally, the functionality of efflux transporters was confirmed using efflux substrates and inhibitors which resulted in efflux ratios of >2.0 fold and by a decrease in efflux ratios following the addition of inhibitors.Conclusion
The SMI microtissues appear to be a useful pre-clinical tool for predicting drug bioavailability of orally administered drugs.996.
The effect of platelets on the removal of white cells (WBCs) from 16 to 24-hour-old red cell (RBC) concentrates by filtration was studied. RBC concentrates with various concentrations of platelets and WBCs were filtered on a cellulose acetate column filter and on three polyester flatbed filters. The microscopic study revealed that lymphocytes and most monocytes were captured in the smaller pores of the fiber network, irrespective of the brand of filter, the type of filter material, or the prefiltration platelet amount in the RBC concentrates. In contrast, efficient granulocyte depletion depended on granulocyte-platelet interaction and on the filter material. In the presence of platelets, granulocytes were captured in the top part of the column filter or in the coarse layers of two of the flatbed filters, where platelets covered the fibers. Platelet depletion of the RBC concentrates prior to filtration diminished the contribution of these parts of the filters to granulocyte capture. A larger part of the column filter or the fine layers of the flatbed filters were now required for granulocyte capture. In one of the flatbed filters, granulocyte-platelet interaction occurred mainly in the fine layers, which ended in blockage of this filter after the filtration of variable volumes (250-600 mL) of standard RBC concentrates. A quantitative estimation of the effect of platelets on the WBC-reduction capacity found that all three flatbed filters had a highly significant decrease (p = 0.001) in WBC-reduction capacity for platelet-depleted or buffy coat-depleted RBC concentrates, as compared with standard RBC concentrates.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) 相似文献
997.
Lomax-Bream LE Barnes M Copeland K Taylor HB Landry SH 《Developmental neuropsychology》2007,31(1):1-20
Early cognitive, motor, and language skills were evaluated in 165 children, 91 with Spina Bifida (SB) and 74 developing typically. Assessments were given at 5 time points (6, 12, 18, 24, and 36 months of age). Three latent growth curve models were conducted to evaluate the development of these early skills, with social economic status and etiology as predictors of growth. Lesion level and shunting effects were included for group comparison. Children with SB exhibited lower levels of functioning in all areas, with slower rates of growth in cognition and language, but more acceleration in growth of motor skills. The impact of lesion level and shunting significantly related to growth in cognition and motor skills but not in language. 相似文献
998.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Vasopressin is critical for blood pressure regulation when cardiovascular homeostasis is threatened and some patients with shock have inappropriately low levels of hormone in plasma. The present review focuses on recent work that addresses the role of endogenous vasopressin in the pathogenesis of shock and the potential therapeutic indications and secondary effects of exogenous hormone in patients with shock. RECENT FINDINGS: Examples of types of shock resistant to catecholamine pressors in which exogenous vasopressin was effective in restoring arterial pressure continued to accumulate. Widespread determinations of plasma vasopressin in patients with shock suggest that endogenous vasopressin deficiency may be more frequent than previously thought. The generation of mice with deletion of vasopressin's V1a receptor highlighted the important role of the hormone on cardiovascular homeostasis. SUMMARY: Vasopressin administration is very effective in restoring arterial pressure in many forms of shock and this appears to be due, at least in part, to deficiency of endogenous hormone. Generation of mice lacking vasopressin V1a receptor open new and exciting avenues of inquiry to clarify the role of the hormone in cardiovascular homeostasis. 相似文献
999.
D Saldanha S Chaudhury AA Pawar VSSR Ryali K Srivastava M Sood HK Bedi 《Medical Journal Armed Forces India》2007,63(2):160-162
Background
The Army Order 3&11/2001 was introduced to curb alcoholism and to weed out habitual alcoholics. Hence a study was carried out in a zonal referral hospital from 01 Jan 2001 to 30 Jun 2003 to assess its effectiveness.Methods
The subjects consisted of officers, junior commisioned officers and other ranks who satisfied the International Classification of Diseases (ICD) 10 criteria for alcohol dependence.Result
Out of 1023 consecutive admissions, alcohol dependent cases numbered 245 (23.95%). They were disposed as under: 57/ 245 (23.6%) in S1 (fit for all duties), 67/245 (27.35%) in S2 (fit for duties with few restrictions), 72/245 (29.39%) in S3 (fit for duties with more restrictions), and 32/245 (13.06%) in S5 (unfit for further service.)Conclusion
The data showed that the percentage of cases disposed under fit for all duties had risen four times (23.80 vs 5.86), those invalided out increased by two times (12.70 vs 6.64) and those retained in S2 had reduced (26.46 vs 41.21) after the new policy.Key Words: AO 3 &11/2001, DGAFMS memorandum 111/99, AFMSF 10, Alcohol dependence syndrome 相似文献1000.
Decision making in Health sector is affected by a several elements such as economic constraints, political agendas, epidemiologic
events, managers’ values and environment … These competing elements create a complex environment for decision making. Research-Based-Decision-Making
(RBDM) offers an opportunity to reduce the generated uncertainty and to ensure efficacy and efficiency in health administrations.
We assume that RBDM is dependant on decision makers’ behaviour and the identification of the determinants of this behaviour
can help to enhance research results utilization in health sector decision making. This paper explores the determinants of
RBDM as a personal behaviour among managers and professionals in health administrations in Canada. From the behavioural theories
and the existing literature, we build a model measuring “RBDM” as an index based on five items. These items refer to the steps
accomplished by a decision maker while developing a decision which is based on evidence. The determinants of RBDM behaviour
are identified using data collected from 942 health care decision makers in Canadian health organizations. Linear regression
is used to model the behaviour RBDM. Determinants of this behaviour are derived from Triandis Theory and Bandura's construct
“self-efficacy.” The results suggest that to improve research use among managers in Canadian governmental health organizations,
strategies should focus on enhancing exposition to evidence through facilitating communication networks, partnerships and
links between researchers and decision makers, with the key long-term objective of developing a culture that supports and
values the contribution that research can make to decision making in governmental health organizations. Nevertheless, depending
on the organizational level, determinants of RBDM are different. This difference has to be taken into account if RBDM adoption
is desired. Decision makers in Canadian health organizations (CHO) can help to build networks, develop partnerships between
professionals locally, regionally and nationally, and also act as change agents in the dissemination and adoption of knowledge
and innovations in health services. However, the research focused on knowledge use as a support to decision-making, further
research is needed to identify and evaluate effective incentives and strategies to implement so as to enhance RBDM adoption
among health decision makers and more theoretical development are to complete in this perspective. 相似文献