喷射心肌打孔移植骨髓间充质干细胞治疗心肌梗塞的实验研究

【摘要】 目的 探讨喷射心肌打孔移植骨髓间充质干细胞治疗缺血性心脏病的可行性。方法 将32只健康杂种犬随机分为单纯建模组（MI组），无针喷射生理盐水组（NS组），有针注射移植干细胞组（N+MSCs组），无针喷射移植干细胞组（NF+MSCs组）每组8只犬；建立急性心梗模型，分别采用直接关胸、无针喷射生理盐水、有针注射移植干细胞和无针喷射移植干细胞于梗死区进行操作。术后6周处死动物并检测血流动力学，取材行大体及组织学观察，计算心肌梗死面积及新生血管计数。结果 较其他组比较，NF+MSCs组左室舒张末压(900±32mmHg)下降、左室内压最大上升(84186±7285 mmHg/s)和下降速率( 78729±4508 mmHg/s)升高、梗死面积(1859±358%)缩小、新生小血管数量(957±223)增多（P＜005）。结论 喷射心肌打孔移植干细胞治疗缺血性心脏病是安全、有效的，可为临床研究提供参改。     

Planar cell polarity genes, Celsr1-3, in neural development

flamingo is among the ’core’ planar cell-polarity genes, protein of which belongs to a unique cadherin subfamily. In contrast to the classic cadherins, composed of several extracellular cadherin repeats, one transmembrane domain and one cytoplasmic segment linked to catenin binding, Drosophila Flamingo has seven transmembrane segments and a cytoplasmic tail with no catenin-binding sequence. In Drosophila, Flamingo has pleotropic roles in controlling epithelial polarity and neuronal morphogenesis. Three mammalian orthologs of flamingo, Celsr1-3, are widely expressed in the nervous system. Recent work has shown that Celsr1-3 play important roles in neural development, such as in axon guidance, neuronal migration, and cilium polarity. Celsr1-3 single-gene knockout mice exhibit different phenotypes, but there are cooperative interactions among these genes.     

HbA1c及CRP在妊娠期糖尿病治疗中的意义

目的评估糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)及C反应蛋白(CRP)测定在妊娠期糖尿病血糖控制及治疗中的指导意义。方法选取2016年7月—2017年2月于本院妇产科行产前检查的孕24~28周孕妇行空腹血糖(FBG)、75 g口服糖耐量试验(OGTT)、HbA1c及CRP检查,分为正常妊娠者(对照组),妊娠期糖耐量受损者(GIGT组),妊娠期糖尿病者(GDM组)各40例。对受试对象孕36~38周再次进行FBG、HbA1c及CRP复查,比较各项指标及转归。结果孕24~28周GIGT组及GDM组FBG、HbA1c及CRP指标均高于对照组(P<0.05);进行饮食控制及(或)胰岛素治疗后GIGT组及GDM组各指标均有不同程度下降,P<0.05,GIGT组部分孕妇可恢复至正常值。结论HbA1c检测快速简便,联合CRP有助于妊娠期糖尿病的临床检测及诊断,可用于孕期血糖控制的跟踪观察。     

After-hours esophagectomy may pose additional risk to patients with esophageal cancer

BackgroundThe increase in the incidence of esophageal cancers (ECs) combined with fewer surgeons working at large centers will increase the likelihood of surgery for ECs being performed during later hours. This study aimed to compare esophagectomies’ operative outcomes for EC performed at different surgical starting times.MethodsThis was a single-center, retrospective study. Risk-adjusted cumulative sum curve analysis and Cox regression analysis were used to identify the potential change-point of surgical starting times. The participants were then divided into 2 groups according to the change-point time. Propensity score matching was used to control confounding factors between the 2 groups. We compared the short- and long-term outcomes in both groups.ResultsA total of 702 patients who underwent potentially radical esophagectomy from 7 May 2014 to 31 December 2017 in our institute were included. The 3-year all-cause mortality showed a significant change-point at 16:42, with an increment from 56.5% to 76.9% (P=0.043). Esophagectomy that commenced between 17:00–18:59 was associated with significantly lower overall survival (OS) [multivariate hazard ratio (HR): 2.47; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.25 to 4.90; P=0.010] and disease-free survival (DFS) (multivariate HR: 2.14; 95% CI: 1.08 to 4.21; P=0.028). The participants were allocated to the during-hours group and the after-hours group according to the change-point of 17:00. A total of 84 participants in the during-hours group were matched to 33 participants in the after-hours group. The median operative time was shorter in the after-hours group [309 (during-hours) vs. 239 (after-hours) minutes, P=0.014); the after-hours group had a greater incidence of respiratory complications (22.63% vs. 45.45%, P=0.023) and 90-day mortality (0 vs. 9.09%, P=0.021). The 5-year OS (P=0.042) and DFS (P=0.030) were significantly higher in the during-hours group.ConclusionsEsophagectomies started during after-hours are correlated with poorer surgical outcomes. It is recommended to cancel selective esophagectomies due to commence after 17:00.     

Deletion of Krüppel-like factor-4 promotes axonal regeneration in mammals

Axonal regeneration plays an important role in functional recovery after nervous system damage. However, after axonal injury in mammals, regeneration is often poor. The deletion of Krüppel-like factor-4 (Klf4) has been shown to promote axonal regeneration in retinal ganglion cells. However, the effects of Klf4 deletion on the corticospinal tract and peripheral nervous system are unknown. In this study, using a mouse model of sciatic nerve injury, we show that the expression of Klf4 in dorsal root ganglion sensory neurons was significantly reduced after peripheral axotomy, suggesting that the regeneration of the sciatic nerve is associated with Klf4. In vitro, dorsal root ganglion sensory neurons with Klf4 knockout exhibited significantly enhanced axonal regeneration. Furthermore, the regeneration of the sciatic nerve was enhanced in vivo following Klf4 knockout. Finally, AAV-Cre virus was used to knockout the Klf4 gene in the cortex. The deletion of Klf4 enhanced regeneration of the corticospinal tract in mice with spinal cord injury. Together, our findings suggest that regulating KLF4 activity in neurons is a potential strategy for promoting axonal regeneration and functional recovery after nervous system injury. This study was approved by the Animal Ethics Committee at Soochow University, China (approval No. SUDA20200316A01).

Chinese Library Classification No.R456; R741; Q344+.14     

Moderate exercise training attenuates aging-induced cardiac inflammation,hypertrophy and fibrosis injuries of rat hearts

Aging is the most important risk factor in cardiovascular disease (CVD), which is the leading causes of death worldwide and the second major cause of death in Taiwan. The major factor in heart failure during aging is heart remodeling, including long-term stress-induced cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis. Exercise is good for aging heart health, but the impact of exercise training on aging is not defined. This study used 3-, 12- and 18-month-old rats and randomly divided each age group into no exercise training control groups (C3, A12 and A18) and moderate gentle swimming exercise training groups (E3, AE12 and AE18). The protocol of exercise training was swimming five times weekly with gradual increases from the first week from 20 to 60 min for 12 weeks. Analyses of protein from rat heart tissues and sections revealed cardiac inflammation, hypertrophy and fibrosis pathway increases in aged rat groups (A12 and A18), which were improved in exercise training groups (AE12 and AE18). There were no heart injuries in young rat hearts in exercise group E3. These data suggest that moderate swimming exercise training attenuated aging-induced cardiac inflammation, hypertrophy and fibrosis injuries of rat hearts.     

芪麦口服液对高脂血症大鼠高密度脂蛋白胆固醇及超敏C-反应蛋白的影响

目的:观察芪麦口服液对高脂血症大鼠高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL)及超敏C-反应蛋白(hsCRP)表达的影响。方法:将Wistar大鼠随机分为模型组、阳性对照组及芪麦口服液低剂量组、芪麦口服液高剂量组,每组各10只。各组大鼠均腹腔注射70万U/kg维生素D3,连续3 d之后,喂饲高脂饲料21 d建立高脂大鼠模型。芪麦口服液低、高剂量组在造模的同时分别以0.935、3.760 mg·g-1·d-1的药量进行灌胃,阳性对照组以阿托伐他汀片0.002 mg·g-1·d-1进行灌胃。分别于造模前及用药后1周、2周、3周检测大鼠血清中HDL和hs-CRP的含量。结果:造模后各组均随高脂饲料的持续给予,血清中HDL水平逐渐下降、hs-CRP水平逐渐增高。各药物干预组灌胃1周时血清HDL水平与模型组无明显差异(P0.05),而连续干预2周和3周时HDL水平的下降趋势均较模型组得到明显缓解(P0.05或P0.01);除芪麦口服液低剂量组灌胃1周时大鼠血清hs-CRP水平与模型组无明显差异(P0.05)外,其余各药物干预组及各时间点均可显著抑制hs-CRP水平的增高(P0.05或P0.01)。其中,芪麦高剂量组总体优于低剂量组,并与阳性药物组作用相当。结论:芪麦口服液能够有效调节动脉粥样硬化大鼠高密度脂蛋白水平,抑制超敏C-反应蛋白的血清水平表达。     

Cruciferous vegetable consumption and gastric cancer risk: A meta‐analysis of epidemiological studies

The relationship between consumption of cruciferous vegetables (CV) and risk of gastric cancer has been investigated by many studies, but remains controversial. We carried out a meta‐analysis to summarize available evidence from epidemiological studies on this point. Relevant published reports of CV intake and gastric cancer were identified using MEDLINE (PubMed), EMBASE, and Web of Science databases through to the end of September 2012. We pooled the relative risk from individual studies using a fixed‐ or random‐effects model and carried out heterogeneity and publication bias analyses. Sixteen case–control and six prospective studies were included in our analysis. When all studies were pooled, we yielded a significantly inverse association between CV (relative risk = 0.81; 95% confidence interval, 0.75–0.88) intake and gastric cancer risk, with little heterogeneity (Q = 27.27, P = 0.292, I² = 12.0%). Specific analysis for cabbage intake yielded similar result. When separately analyzed, case–control studies of CV intake yielded significant results and the results of prospective studies showed borderline statistical significance. Moreover, significant results were consistent for high‐quality studies, for North American, European, and Asian studies, for studies on males, and for studies on non‐cardia gastric cancer. Findings from this meta‐analysis provide evidence that high intake of CV was inversely associated with the risk of gastric cancer and non‐cardia gastric cancer in humans. Further studies on other specific CV, food preparation methods, and stratified results by anatomic cancer site and histological type should be extended in the future.