全文获取类型
收费全文 | 3589篇 |
免费 | 217篇 |
国内免费 | 13篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 35篇 |
儿科学 | 137篇 |
妇产科学 | 67篇 |
基础医学 | 556篇 |
口腔科学 | 76篇 |
临床医学 | 266篇 |
内科学 | 886篇 |
皮肤病学 | 99篇 |
神经病学 | 335篇 |
特种医学 | 48篇 |
外科学 | 305篇 |
综合类 | 29篇 |
一般理论 | 1篇 |
预防医学 | 157篇 |
眼科学 | 191篇 |
药学 | 309篇 |
中国医学 | 30篇 |
肿瘤学 | 292篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 3篇 |
2023年 | 40篇 |
2022年 | 66篇 |
2021年 | 98篇 |
2020年 | 31篇 |
2019年 | 73篇 |
2018年 | 86篇 |
2017年 | 68篇 |
2016年 | 93篇 |
2015年 | 89篇 |
2014年 | 107篇 |
2013年 | 141篇 |
2012年 | 211篇 |
2011年 | 277篇 |
2010年 | 149篇 |
2009年 | 134篇 |
2008年 | 248篇 |
2007年 | 283篇 |
2006年 | 244篇 |
2005年 | 267篇 |
2004年 | 247篇 |
2003年 | 228篇 |
2002年 | 224篇 |
2001年 | 26篇 |
2000年 | 19篇 |
1999年 | 35篇 |
1998年 | 40篇 |
1997年 | 38篇 |
1996年 | 36篇 |
1995年 | 27篇 |
1994年 | 26篇 |
1993年 | 17篇 |
1992年 | 15篇 |
1991年 | 16篇 |
1990年 | 11篇 |
1989年 | 14篇 |
1988年 | 5篇 |
1987年 | 9篇 |
1986年 | 8篇 |
1985年 | 7篇 |
1984年 | 7篇 |
1983年 | 4篇 |
1982年 | 7篇 |
1981年 | 5篇 |
1980年 | 9篇 |
1979年 | 7篇 |
1978年 | 5篇 |
1974年 | 3篇 |
1956年 | 2篇 |
1955年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有3819条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
41.
We have previously defined four murine CD4+ peripheral T cell subsets, fractions (Fr.) I – IV, based on expression of the 6C10 and 3G11 determinants (Hayakawa, K. and Hardy, R. R., J. Exp. Med. 1988. 168: 1825). These subsets also show distinctive levels of other cell surface markers: the two minor subsets, Fr. III and Fr. IV, are both CD45RBlow/-, L-selectin (Mel-14)? and CD44hi, characteristic of secondary T cells. The patterns and levels of cytokine production by individual cells in each subset were determined by bioassay for interleukin (IL)-2/IL-4 or IL-4/interferon (IFN)-γ production after anti-CD3 stimulation. Our data revealed that these four phenotypically defined subsets largely coincide with clusters of cells showing uniform distinctive cytokine profiles, i.e. IL-2+/IFN-γ?/IL-4? (Fr. I and Fr. II, L-selectin+), IL-2+/IFN-γ+/IL-4+ (Fr. III, L-selectin?), and IL-2?/IFN-γlow/-/IL-4+ (Fr. IV, L-selectin?). Besides these subsets, an L-selectin-negative cell subfraction within Fr. II appears to represent a transitional population between the IL-2+/IFN-γ?/IL-4? stage and the IL-2+/IFN-γ+/IL-4+ stage. Taken together, these results demonstrate the presence of two IL-4+ secondary T cell subsets with distinct cytokine production patterns, and show that the majority of IL-4+ cells found in healthy adult laboratory mice co-produce IFN-γ, and thus are not typical T helper type 2 cells. 相似文献
42.
Eisuke Hanada Kenji Kodama Kyoko Takano Yoshiaki Watanabe Yoshiaki Nose 《Journal of medical systems》2001,25(4):257-267
Electromagnetic interference (EMI) with electronic medical equipment by radio waves from mobile telephone handsets has been reported and is currently receiving wide attention. The possibility of EMI with electronic medical equipment by radio waves coming into the hospital has also been pointed out. But so far, there are no reports measuring the frequency distribution of electric field intensity induced by incoming radio waves. Therefore, we measured electric field intensity induced by radio waves coming into our 11-floor hospital, which was under construction. The maximum intensity observed was about 200 V/m at 2.79 GHz, from airport surveillance radar waves. The maximum intensity induced by radio waves from cellular phone base stations was 1.78 V/m. These data show that various frequencies of radio waves are common in this urban area, and that they induce strong electric field intensity. This strong electric field intensity might cause EMI with electronic medical equipment. Measurement of the electromagnetic environment should be done by each hospital in urban areas to prevent EMI with electronic medical equipment. 相似文献
43.
Mild inflammation persists in the glenohumeral joint of patients with recurrent shoulder dislocation
44.
45.
Tomomi Yamaguchi Shujiro Hayashi Daisuke Hayashi Takeshi Matsuyama Norimichi Koitabashi Kenichi Ogiwara Masaaki Noda Chiai Nakada Shinya Fujiki Akira Furutachi Yasuhiko Tanabe Michiko Yamanaka Aki Ishikawa Miyako Mizukami Asako Mizuguchi Kazumitsu Sugiura Makoto Sumi Hirokuni Yamazawa Atsushi Izawa Yuko Wada Tomomi Fujikawa Yuri Takiguchi Keiko Wakui Kyoko Takano Shin-Ya Nishio Tomoki Kosho 《American journal of medical genetics. Part A》2023,191(1):37-51
Vascular Ehlers–Danlos syndrome (vEDS) is a hereditary connective tissue disorder (HCTD) characterized by arterial dissection/aneurysm/rupture, sigmoid colon rupture, or uterine rupture. Diagnosis is confirmed by detecting heterozygous variants in COL3A1. This is the largest Asian case series and the first to apply an amplification-based next-generation sequencing through custom panels of causative genes for HCTDs, including a specific method of evaluating copy number variations. Among 429 patients with suspected HCTDs analyzed, 101 were suspected to have vEDS, and 33 of them (32.4%) were found to have COL3A1 variants. Two patients with a clinical diagnosis of Loeys–Dietz syndrome and/or familial thoracic aortic aneurysm and dissection were also found to have COL3A1 variants. Twenty cases (57.1%) had missense variants leading to glycine (Gly) substitutions in the triple helical domain, one (2.9%) had a missense variant leading to non-Gly substitution in this domain, eight (22.9%) had splice site alterations, three (8.6%) had nonsense variants, two (5.7%) had in-frame deletions, and one (2.9%) had a multi-exon deletion, including two deceased patients analyzed with formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded samples. This is a clinically useful system to detect a wide spectrum of variants from various types of samples. 相似文献
46.
Tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMP-1 and TIMP-2) stimulate osteoclastic bone resorption 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Shibutani T Yamashita K Aoki T Iwayama Y Nishikawa T Hayakawa T 《Journal of bone and mineral metabolism》1999,17(4):245-251
As both tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 (TIMP-1) and TIMP-2 have been reported to inhibit bone resorption, we examined
whether TIMP-1 or TIMP-2 in fetal calf serum (FCS), with which culture media were supplemented, affected osteoclastic bone
resorption in vitro. Contrary to our expectation, almost complete suppression of osteoclastic bone resorption was observed
when both TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 were removed from the FCS. Bone resorption was, however, almost fully restored by the addition
of recombinant TIMPs. TIMPs stimulate bone resorption at significantly lower concentrations (∼ng/ml) than those (∼μg/ml) required
to inhibit bone resorption. To understand the mechanism of TIMP-dependent bone resorption, we counted and compared the number
of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-(TRAP-) positive and multinuclear cells in cultures containing either 10% FCS or TIMP-1-free
and/or TIMP-2-free FCS. There was essentially no difference in number among these, suggesting that the TIMP role seems to
be related to the functional expression of osteoclasts. Metallo-proteinase inhibitors, either BE16627B[l-N-(N-hydroxy-2-isobutylsuccinynamoyl)-seryl-l-valine] or R94138 {N-methyl-(3S)-2-[(2R)-2-hydroxycarbamoylmethylundecanoyl] hexahydropyridazine-3-carboxamide}, could not replace TIMPs, suggesting that the osteoclast-stimulating
activity of TIMPs cannot be ascribed to merely their inhibitory effect on matrix metalloproteinases.
Received: Oct. 15, 1998 / Accepted: April 5, 1999 相似文献
47.
Hayashi Takaharu; Sagawa Hiroshi; Kobuke Kyoko; Fujii Kiyomu; Yokozaki Hiroshi; Tahara Eiichi 《Japanese journal of clinical oncology》1996,26(5):368-373
A case of synchronous squamous cell carcinomas in the soft palate,larynx and esophagus is reported, along with findings of molecular-pathologicalanalysis. A biopsy sample from the aryngeal carcinoma revealedwell differentiated squamous cell carcinoma harboring two pointmutations at codons 144 and 148 of the p53 gene but not at codon299, and more than 50% of the cancer cells showed accumulationof p53 protein immunohistochemically. The esophageal tumor,which was moderately differentiated squamous cell carcinoma,showed immunoreactivity for p53 within the nuclei of 2550%of cancer cells with a missense mutation at codon 299 but notat codon 144 or 148. This cancer also showed immunoreactivityfor transforming growth factor alpha. On the other hand, thepoorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma in the soft palateshowed negative immunoreactivity for p53 and no point mutationin exons 5 to 8 of the gene. These results suggest that thethree synchronous squamous cell carcinomas arose as independentevents. 相似文献
48.
We constructed a question and answer system for direct delivery of E-mail queries from the general public to the proper hospital representative and with which the system administrator can monitor E-mail replies. The system consists of two sub-systems; one is an E-mail questionnaire sub-system that automatically delivers E-mail queries to the proper person and an E-mail reply monitor sub-system with which the system administrator can monitor the E-mail replies. The monitor system compares the origin address of the E-mail reply and the destination address on a questionnaire filled out at the time the query is made. In a test of the system, 56 queries were received in 31 days, with 37 replied to. The interval from receipt of an E-mail query to reply was calculated. Nineteen replies were submitted within 2 days. 相似文献
49.
Kyoko Nishikawa 《Nihon Arukōru Yakubutsu Igakkai zasshi》2005,40(6):537-548
A research by questionnaire was conducted at three medical institutions, on basic attributes and psychosocial states of alcoholics' as first time inpatient and respective families. After a year of research, additional study was conducted in regard of abstinence, treatment continuation as outpatient, participation in self-help groups, and family's participation in family groups. Outcomes of researches' statistical analyses showed significant differences concerning medical institutions and basic attributes for the items: treatment histories of alcoholism, treatment or inpatient in other medical departments and alcoholic's family history,; but these differences were considered to be associated with varied courses of referrals. In relation to medical institutions with patients and family's psychosocial states, there were no significant differences on the outcomes of five scales. As for the correlation between medical institutions with a year's prognoses there were no significant differences concerning abstinence and treatment continuation as outpatient. In case of participation in self-help groups and family groups, the prognoses showed significant differences but these differences were considered to be related to varied treatments and different helping ways of medical institutions and varied conditions of local communities for mentioned helps. 相似文献
50.
Novel PSTPIP1 gene mutation in pyoderma gangrenosum,acne and suppurative hidradenitis syndrome 下载免费PDF全文