Citrinin dimers from the halotolerant fungus Penicillium citrinum B-57

In order to search for structurally novel and bioactive natural compounds from microorganisms, a halotolerant fungal strain, Penicillium citrinum B-57, which mainly produces citrinin derivatives, was isolated from sediments collected from the Jilantai salt field. From the ethyl acetate extract of P. citrinum B-57, two new citrinin dimers, pennicitrinone C ( 1) and penicitrinol B ( 2), and 11 known related compounds were isolated and identified by spectroscopic and chemical methods. These compounds showed antioxidative activity against DPPH radicals with IC 50 values ranging from 0.8 to 59 microM.     

Ginkgo biloba extract improves coronary artery circulation in patients with coronary artery disease: contribution of plasma nitric oxide and endothelin-1

In patients with coronary artery disease (CAD), coronary blood flow is usually impaired due to imbalanced vasoactive substances such as nitric oxide (NO) and endothelin-1 (ET-1). The study was designed to test the effects of Ginkgo biloba extract (GBE) on the distal left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) blood flow and plasma NO and ET-1 levels. Eighty CAD patients were randomly assigned to GBE (n = 42) and control (n = 38) groups. The LAD blood flow was assessed non-invasively using Doppler echocardiography at baseline and after 2 weeks. GBE treatment demonstrated a significant improvement in maximal diastolic peak velocity (MDPV), maximal systolic peak velocity (MSPV) and diastolic time velocity integral (DTVI) compared with controls (14.61 +/- 4.51% vs 0.67 +/- 2.66%, 9.03 +/- 4.81% vs 0.34 +/- 2.67% and 14.69 +/- 5.08% vs 0.68 +/- 3.00%, respectively, p < 0.01). NO was increased by 12.42% (p < 0.01), whereas ET-1 was decreased by 5.82% (p < 0.01). The NO/ET-1 ratio was increased by 19.47% (p < 0.01). A linear correlation was confirmed between the percentage change in LAD blood flow and in NO, ET-1 or NO/ET-1 ratio following GBE treatment. The results suggest that GBE treatment in CAD patients led to an increase of LAD blood flow, which might at least be related partly to the restoration of the delicate equilibrium between NO and ET-1.     

2型糖尿病患者降血糖治疗前后血皮质醇浓度的变化及其临床意义

目的探讨2型糖尿病患者血糖控制前后血皮质醇浓度的变化及其临床意义。方法应用放射免疫法测定76例2型糖尿病患者高血糖状态下及血糖良好控制4个月后晨8时、下午4时和午夜0时的血清皮质醇(F)浓度。结果2型糖尿病各组治疗前、后皮质醇昼夜节律基本存在;高血糖状态下,晨8时、下午4时和午夜0时皮质醇浓度与对照组比较显著升高(P<0.01);血糖良好控制4个月后病程短、无慢性并发症者均恢复至正常范围,病程长、有慢性并发症者皮质醇未能良好恢复。结论2型糖尿病患者一定程度上存在皮质醇分泌功能紊乱,应动态观察其变化。     

我国医院信息化建设呼唤第三方咨询的参与

我国医院信息化建设经过20多年的发展取得了不小的成就,建设模式也经历了医院自行开发,医院与厂商合作开发,到现在的购买相对成熟的产品,由厂商实施的阶段.在看到取得成绩的同时,我们也注意到我国医院信息化过程与国外医院很重要的不同,即缺乏第三方专业信息化咨询公司的参与.这也是造成目前我国医院信息化建设暴露出来的很多矛盾的根源.通过分析第三方咨询公司参与医院信息化建设的六点好处,提出了专业咨询公司参与我国医院信息化建设的建议.     

推拿法引发人骨骼肌细胞生物学效应的机制探讨

目的：探索推拿法力学作用引发人骨骼肌细胞生物学效应的机制。方法：采用细胞培养技术,建立人骨骼肌细胞损伤模型后,将正常细胞和损伤细胞各自分为空白对照组、推拿法组、推拿法＋维拉帕米组、静态压力组和静态压力＋维拉帕米组。分别对各组细胞进行推拿法样刺激或静压刺激,持续时间10 min。其后对各组细胞的超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活力、丙二醛（MDA）含量、肌酸激酶（CK）活力进行检测。结果：推拿法可以提高人骨骼肌细胞内SOD活力,降低细胞内MDA含量以及细胞上清中的CK活力;在加入钙离子拮抗剂———维拉帕米后,各项指标的变化均受到明显的影响。结论：推拿法的力学作用主要通过影响人骨骼肌细胞中钙离子的信号通路,从而激发损伤细胞修复的生物学效应。     

二叶式主动脉瓣中miRNA-195调控瓣膜钙化的机制研究

目的：探究二叶式主动脉瓣中miRNA-195调控瓣膜钙化的可能机制。方法：收集35例接受主动脉瓣置换术患者狭窄的二叶式或三叶式主动脉瓣,通过PCR及Western blot分别检测miRNA-195的表达量、果蝇母源抗皮肤生长因子（drosophila mothers against decapentaplegic 7,SMAD7）的mRNA及蛋白表达量。双荧光素酶法预测miRNA-195的靶基因。在猪瓣膜间质细胞中分别沉默和过表达miRNA-195,检测SMAD7的mRNA表达水平并探究两者的相互关系。在人类瓣膜组织上通过免疫组化染色检测基质金属蛋白酶（matrix metalloproteinase,MMP）-2、MMP-9蛋白水平,通过天狼星红染色检测胶原蛋白水平,通过Von Kossa染色比较钙化程度差异,进而研究钙化相关的功能改变。结果：与狭窄的三叶式主动脉瓣相比,狭窄的二叶式主动脉瓣中miRNA-195表达降低,SMAD7的mRNA和蛋白水平升高。双荧光素酶实验提示SMAD7是miRNA-195的直接靶标。在猪瓣膜间质细胞中沉默miRNA-195引起SMAD7 mRNA水平升高,过表达miRNA-195引起SMAD7 mRNA水平降低。狭窄钙化的二叶式主动脉瓣组织中MMP-2、MMP-9及胶原的表达较狭窄钙化的三叶式主动脉瓣升高。结论：在二叶式主动脉瓣中,下调的miRNA-195促进了SMAD7表达,进而促进细胞外基质的纤维化并最终促进其钙化。     

苣荬菜无机元素的分析

目的:分析苣荬菜中的无机元素.方法:采用美国Varian Spectra A30型原子吸收分光光度计测定.结果:表明苣荬菜中含有丰富的人体必需的无机元素.结论:苣荬菜有较高的开发利用价值.     

结痂酊中总酚酸对大鼠烫伤的作用

目的 探讨结痂酊中总酚酸治疗大鼠烫伤的作用机制.方法 Folin法测定不同浓度乙醇洗脱组分中总酚酸含量.大鼠随机分为模型组、湿润烧伤膏组和治疗组.其中模型组、湿润烧伤膏组和治疗组大鼠背部造Ⅲ度烫伤.分别于烫伤后3、5、7、14、21 d取材做病理切片.分别测量烫伤后12、24、48、72 h血清中IL-6水平.结果 Folin法测定表明:10％乙醇洗脱组分中总酚酸含量最高.病理切片显示:与模型组相比,湿润烧伤膏组和治疗组促进成纤维细胞,肉芽组织和毛囊的再生.烫伤72 h后,与模型组相比,结痂酊中总酚酸有效抑制IL-6水平(P<0.05).结论 结痂酊中总酚酸对烫伤创面有明显的促进修复作用,其机制与降低血清IL-6水平有关.     

加味酸枣仁汤联合五行音乐治疗原发性失眠临床观察

目的 观察加味酸枣仁汤联合五行音乐治疗原发性失眠的临床疗效。方法 选择2021年1—6月就诊于北京中医药大学第三附属医院治未病中心的原发性失眠患者共66例,采用随机数字表法将其分为观察组与对照组,每组各33例。对照组实际观察30例(3例脱落),给予有中医特色的睡眠健康教育。观察组实际观察31例(2例脱落),在对照组基础上给予加味酸枣仁汤联合五行音乐治疗。治疗周期为4周,分别于治疗前、治疗后使用匹兹堡睡眠指数量表、失眠严重程度量表、过度觉醒量表、疲劳量表评价2组疗效。结果 观察组总有效率为90.32%,对照组总有效率为63.33%。2组患者的睡眠状态、失眠严重程度、过度觉醒状态、疲劳程度均较治疗前改善(P<0.01,P<0.05),且观察组在改善患者睡眠质量、入睡时间、躯体疲劳程度方面疗效优于对照组(P<0.01,P<0.05)。结论 加味酸枣仁汤联合五行音乐治疗原发性失眠确有疗效,能有效改善患者睡眠质量、入睡时间、躯体疲劳,这可能与加味酸枣仁汤联合五行音乐对神经的调控作用有关。     

Facial-Skin Hyperpigmentation： Histological and Computer Geometric Assessment

Hyper-pigmentation is a common, acquired dermatological skin-disorder manifesting and identifiable as irregular brown or greyish-brown facial discolouration, and sometimes referred to as melanosis, melasma or hypermelanosis. Purpose and Objective： To identify the site of melanin deposition in skin-layers regarding facial hyper-pigmentation, based on a histological study of full-thickness skin-facial biopsies in aged Caucasian-cadavers. Hypothesis： Recalcitrant hyper-pigmentation, is chiefly characterised by hyper-melanosis restricted to the dermal-layer of the integument. Method： The histological features of facial hyper-pigmentation and solar-lentigenes were evaluated in a pilot-study of 5-randomly selected Caucasian-cadavers with pigmentation （15 facial biopsies）, ranging in age between 75 and 102 years （mean 77-years）. Selection-criteria included, both genders, age 〉 75, focal and confluent hyper-pigmented lesions, involving sun-exposed areas of skin （centrifacial, scalp, malar, mandibular and cervical）. Study groups included （Grp-1： Control skin-histology in otherwise normal aged, human-cadavers; Grp-2： Histology of pigmented facial skin-lesions in man; Grp-3： Comparative histological skin-controls in non-human primates）. No obvious hepatic disease was evident in the cohort studied. Twenty-five histological controls were obtained from non-pigmented areas. Histological evaluation of full-thickness skin-biopsies （including the lesion, edge and peri-]esion skin）, was under a Leitz~-light-microscope, and staining included H＆E, Masson-trichrome, Masson-fontana, Alcian-blue and Verhoef technology. Histological-scoring used was on histological deposition of melanin in skin-layers： epidermal, dermal, mixed, and indeterminate melanin-deposition （score 1-4）. Controls included cadaveric skin-biopsies of human races of colour and non-human primate, Cercopethicus Aethiops （latter is known to have predominantly dermal-melanin deposition）. Pigmented and non-pigmented areas were compared in both species. Results： The majority of clinically visible individual and confluent areas of hyper-pigmentation studied were maeroscopically present on the forehead, frontal scalp in hair-receded cadavers, molar and temporal zones. Histologically, documented features of age-related changes without pigment were present in almost all the embalmed cadaver-skins, with a melanin-score of 1. Computer enhanced skin geometry and biometrics confirmed the presence of an aged-skin, pigmentation and features of solar damage. The human embalmed-tissue was well preserved and minimal autolytic changes were present. Special stains of full-thickness biopsies （Masson-Fontana）, showed that melanin in the subhuman-primate is lodged in the deep dermis （reticular dermis）, within the extra-cellular matrix （ECM） and superficial to the hypodermal adipose-tissue （melanin-score 3）. Fifteen pigmented lesions studied in five （5） aged-cadavers （forehead, molar and mandibular areas） all showed predominantly epidermal-deposition of melanin in the basal, suprabasal and stratum corneum with tiny focal areas of dermal melanosis in single-cell macrophages in the papillary-dermis but not reticular-dermis （melanin-score 2）. A melanin-deposition localization ratio of epidermis to dermis was approximately 98 to 2% in cadavers with hyper-pigmentation. Conclusion： The skin-strata localization of the melanin with regards hyper-pigmentation of the face and forehead in this aged, human adult Caucasian, cadaveric-study, was predominantly in the epidermis and sparse in the papillary dermis.