Blood pressure profile in patients with hyper- and hypotension: effect of physiological stresses

Responses to physiological stresses, relationship between character and severity of these reactions and parameters of 24-hour blood pressure (BP) profile were studied in patients with arterial hyper- and hypotension. Disturbed regulation of BP in hyper-, and hypotension was associated not only with pronounced spontaneous BP variability but also with hyper- and hypotensive responses of BP to natural and modeled orthostatic, psychoemotional, physical and nutritional stresses. Frequency of hypotensive episodes in patients with hypertension was similar to that of hypertensive episodes in patients with hypotension. The use of stress tests facilitated assessment of BP responses to various loads, determination of clinical value of hemodynamic changes and possibilities of correction of detected disturbances.     

脊椎个性化模型的有限元分析：方法和精度的回顾

近十年来，通过医学图像的处理，建立脊椎个性化有限元模型的方法，随着计算方法的不断提高，得到了很大的发展。本文回顾了各种建模方法并对所生成模型的可靠精度做了评估。模型质量将受到网格密度和生成方法、材料属性分配和应用边界条件等诸多因素的影响。探讨了以上每个因素及其对模型误差所造成的影响。     

Trichotillomania ± trichobezoar: revisited

Trichotillomania is an intriguing psychosomatic entity in which there is an irresistible desire to pull out the hair from the scalp, eyelashes, eyebrows and other parts of the body. The process results in an instant release of tension, a sense of relief and security. However, non-scaring alopecia is its clinical presentation. The development of trichobezoar following ingestion of the pulled hair is its salient complication in a few cases. Subsequently, it may cause symptoms pertaining to the gastrointestinal tract culminating in intestinal obstruction, perforation, pancreatitis and obstructive jaundice. The Rapunzel syndrome (trichobezoar) may occur when gastrointestinal obstruction is produced by a rare manifestation of a trichobezoar with a long tail that extends to or beyond the ileocecal valve. In most cases in children, trichotillomania +/- trichobezoar is a habit disorder and thus has a better prognosis. However, in adults the psychopathology is usually deeper and thus entails a poor prognosis. The diagnosis is made after taking a thorough history, noting the clinical features and evaluating a hair-root examination, where telogen hair is (almost) completely lacking, which distinguish trichotillomania from other hair disorders. Treatment modalities vary in childhood and adult varieties. Apart from psychotherapy, the drug treatment involves several agents including selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and domipramine. Trichobezoar/Rapunzel syndrome requires surgical intervention.     

Dietary nutrient intake comparisons for rural and urban Russian boys,ages 6, 9, and 15 years,living in St. Petersburg and surrounding areas

Dietary intake data were gathered on 123 rural and 111 urban males, ages 6, 9, and 15 years, living in and near St. Petersburg, Russia. Data were analyzed to estimate intakes of kilocalories, protein, calcium, iron, vitamin A, thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, vitamin C, and percentage of kilocalories from protein, carbohydrate, and fat. Comparisons were made between nutrient intakes of urban and rural subjects; intakes were also compared with the Recommended Dietary Intakes (RDI) of the USSR Research Institute of Nutrition. There were no significant differences between rural and urban boys in energy intake at any age. Urban boys consumed more vitamin C at ages 6 and 9, had higher intakes of protein, calcium, and niacin at age 9, and consumed more protein at age 15. Rural boys had higher intakes of riboflavin and calcium than urban boys at age 6. Urban boys consumed larger proportions of energy as carbohydrate at age 6, protein at age 9, and both protein and fat at age 15 than rural subjects. Rural boys had higher proportions of kilocalories from fat at age 6 and carbohydrate at age 15 than urban boys. Mean nutrient intakes below the RDI were: energy for rural boys at 9 and 15 years; iron for rural subjects at ages 6 and 9 and urban boys at age 6; calcium for rural and urban boys at all ages; vitamin C for rural subjects at ages 6 and 9; vitamin A for rural and urban boys at age 15; and protein for rural boys at age 15. At age 6, rural boys had nutrient intakes superior to those of urban boys; urban nutrient intakes were better than rural at ages 9 and 15. © 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

预测急性脑卒中缺血半暗带的最优Tmax阈值

背景:挽救缺血半暗带对减少梗死范围有重要意义,一般以PWI与DWI的不匹配区域来评估半暗带.但PWI评估的低灌注范围可能会包括良性缺血区,从而使评估所得的半暗带体积大于实际值.为减少这种弊端,近来引入一新的参数:PWI的达峰时间(Tmax)阈值.Tmax为PWI成像信号强度-时间曲线中从对比剂开始出现到对比剂浓度达到峰值的时间.以对侧相应部位正常脑组织的Tmax为参考,脑组织中Tmax延迟超过阈值的区域即为PWI病灶区.     

Field Trial of Relative Efficacy of Abate and Bacillus thuringiensis Against Simulium himalayense Larvae (Diptera simulidae)

Simulium himalayense (Diptera simulidae) are known pests which cause severe biting nuisance in North-East region and breed in its fast flowing rivers and rivulets. A field trial was undertaken to control this nuisance with the help of larvicides and to help ascertain relative efficacy of Abate and B thuringiensis against Simulidae. Abate proved to be an effective larvicide for river treatment wherein 0.1 PPM resulted in 100% larval reduction while in small streams, the treatment with Teknar (Bacillus thuringiensis) with 10 PPM for 10 minutes resulted in 80% larval reduction. The results of the present study showed that Abate was more effective in rivers while B thuringiensis proved to be useful in controlling the breeding in the rivulets. An integrated approach using chemical and biological agents is recommended and considered ecologically sound as it does not affect the fish and potability of water.Key Words: Larvicidal control, Simulidae     

Polyacrylamide Gel Affinity Electrophoresis for Separation of Enzyme Isoforms

Affinity electrophoresis of differently glycosylated isoforms of enzymes using lectin as affinity ligand has been reported on support media such as cellulose acetate membrane (CAM) or agarose gel. We report a method for affinity electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gel (PAG) using wheat germ agglutinin (WGA). WGA is added to acrylamide-Bis mixture and incubated for 10 minutes at room temperature. This causes WGA to react covalently with acrylamide and Bis. Polymerization is initiated with addition of N,N,N,N-tetramethylethylene diamine (TEMED) and ammonium persulphate to give polyacrylamide gel with immobilized lectin. This gel has been found to effectively separate differently glycosylated isoforms of alkaline phosphatase (ALP). Concanavalin – A, similarly immobilized, did not give effective separation of ALP isoforms. The immobilization of lectin on polyacrylamide as support media requires less amount of lectin in comparison to CAM and agarose. Additional advantage of affinity electrophoresis on PAG is separation of biomolecules according to size.Key Words: Affinity electrophoresis, Alkaline phosphatase, Isoforms separation, Lectin, Polyacrylamide gel     

预测急性脑卒中缺血半暗带的最优Tmax阈值

背景:挽救缺血半暗带对减少梗死范围有重要意义,一般以PWI与DWI的不匹配区域来评估半暗带.但PWI评估的低灌注范围可能会包括良性缺血区,从而使评估所得的半暗带体积大于实际值.为减少这种弊端,近来引入一新的参数:PWI的达峰时间(Tmax)阈值.Tmax为PWI成像信号强度-时间曲线中从对比剂开始出现到对比剂浓度达到峰值的时间.以对侧相应部位正常脑组织的Tmax为参考,脑组织中Tmax延迟超过阈值的区域即为PWI病灶区.