全文获取类型
收费全文 | 448篇 |
免费 | 56篇 |
国内免费 | 5篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 9篇 |
儿科学 | 48篇 |
妇产科学 | 6篇 |
基础医学 | 51篇 |
口腔科学 | 27篇 |
临床医学 | 55篇 |
内科学 | 100篇 |
皮肤病学 | 19篇 |
神经病学 | 17篇 |
特种医学 | 78篇 |
外科学 | 30篇 |
综合类 | 18篇 |
预防医学 | 9篇 |
药学 | 29篇 |
肿瘤学 | 13篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 1篇 |
2022年 | 4篇 |
2021年 | 3篇 |
2020年 | 3篇 |
2019年 | 6篇 |
2018年 | 7篇 |
2017年 | 4篇 |
2016年 | 7篇 |
2015年 | 12篇 |
2014年 | 16篇 |
2013年 | 19篇 |
2012年 | 9篇 |
2011年 | 9篇 |
2010年 | 38篇 |
2009年 | 26篇 |
2008年 | 15篇 |
2007年 | 11篇 |
2006年 | 11篇 |
2005年 | 13篇 |
2004年 | 7篇 |
2003年 | 10篇 |
2002年 | 4篇 |
2001年 | 2篇 |
2000年 | 2篇 |
1999年 | 8篇 |
1998年 | 28篇 |
1997年 | 34篇 |
1996年 | 33篇 |
1995年 | 28篇 |
1994年 | 18篇 |
1993年 | 17篇 |
1992年 | 3篇 |
1991年 | 1篇 |
1990年 | 1篇 |
1989年 | 12篇 |
1988年 | 13篇 |
1987年 | 15篇 |
1986年 | 10篇 |
1985年 | 8篇 |
1984年 | 4篇 |
1983年 | 3篇 |
1982年 | 6篇 |
1981年 | 10篇 |
1980年 | 4篇 |
1979年 | 2篇 |
1978年 | 1篇 |
1977年 | 5篇 |
1976年 | 5篇 |
1954年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有509条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
71.
Holyoake TL; Freshney MG; McNair L; Parker AN; McKay PJ; Steward WP; Fitzsimons E; Graham GJ; Pragnell IB 《Blood》1996,87(11):4589-4595
The characterization of many cytokines involved in the control of hematopoiesis has led to intense investigation into their potential use in ex vivo culture to expand progenitor numbers. We have established the optimum ex vivo culture conditions that allow substantial amplification of transient engrafting murine stem cells and which, simultaneously, augment the ability to sustain serial bone marrow transplantation (BMT). Short-term incubation of unfractionated BM cells in liquid culture with stem cell factor (SCF) and interleukin-11 (IL- 11) produced a 50-fold amplification of clonogenic multipotential progenitors (CFU-A). Following such ex vivo expansion, substantially fewer cells were required to rescue lethally irradiated mice. When transplanted in cell doses above threshold for engraftment, BM cells expanded ex vivo resulted in significantly more rapid hematopoietic recovery. In a serial transplantation model, unmanipulated BM was only able to consistently sustain secondary BMT recipients, but BM expanded ex vivo has sustained quaternary BMT recipients that remain alive and well more than 140 days after 4th degree BMT. These results show augmentation of both short-term recovery posttransplant and the ability to serially transplant marrow by preincubation in culture with SCF and IL-11. 相似文献
72.
The effects of a novel cytokine FLK2/FLT3 ligand (FL) on human fetal bone marrow-derived CD34+CD19+ pro-B cells were analyzed in a stromal- cell-independent, serum-deprived culture system. FL, like interleukin-3 (IL-3), synergized with IL-7 in promoting pro-B cell growth, and differentiation of these cells into CD34-CD19+clgM+slgM- pre-B cells, whereas a small proportion of these cells even differentiate into more mature slgM+ B cells. In contrast, KIT ligand (KL) and granulocyte- macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) were ineffective in promoting IL-7-dependent pro-B cell growth and differentiation. Maximal levels of pro-B cell expansion, generally resulting in 15- to 30-fold increases in cellularity, were obtained in cultures supplemented with optimal doses of FL + IL-7 + IL-3. The addition of mouse bone marrow stromal cells further enhanced the proliferation and differentiation of pro-B cells obtained in the presence of these three cytokines. Under these conditions, cultures could be maintained for more than 4 weeks, and in general 40- to 50-fold increases in cell numbers were observed by 3 weeks of culture. The percentages of clgM+ and slgM+ B cells increased 1.5- to 3-fold and 2-fold, respectively, suggesting that stromal cells may provide additional costimulatory signals for human B- cell growth and differentiation that are different from IL-7, IL-3, and FL. Collectively, our results indicate that FL, in contrast to KL, strongly promotes long-term expansion and differentiation of human pro- B cells in the presence of IL-7 or in combination of IL-7 and IL-3, which is a novel property of this hematopoietic growth factor. 相似文献
73.
Reduction in transmission of hepatitis C after the introduction of a heat-treatment step in the production of C1-inhibitor concentrate 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
BACKGROUND: The transmission of viral infections via protein concentrates made from a large pool of plasma depends on the selection of donors, fractionation process, and virucidal methods. To date, no data are available on the infectivity risk of plasma concentrates of the inhibitor of the first component of complement (C1-INH). STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: The prevalence of blood-borne viral infections and levels of transaminases were evaluated in patients treated with a large- pool plasma concentrate of the inhibitor of C1-INH before and after the introduction of virucidal methods. The study included 85 patients with hereditary angioedema and 4 with acquired angioedema. The patients were divided into three groups: 1) 48 untreated patients; 2) 22 patients treated with non-virus-inactivated C1-INH concentrates; and 3) 19 patients treated with virus-inactivated concentrates. Serum samples obtained at various times after the infusion of concentrate were assayed for alanine amino-transferase and tested for hepatitis B surface antigen and antibodies to hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV) and human immunodeficiency virus (anti-HIV); anti-HCV-negative subjects exposed to the concentrate were also tested for HCV RNA. RESULTS: Prevalences of HCV infection and elevated alanine aminotransferase are significantly lower in patients treated with virus-inactivated concentrates than in those exposed to non-virus-inactivated concentrates. No patients were anti-HIV positive. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that C1-INH concentrates transmitted HCV, but that the virucidal methods adopted are effective in reducing the infectivity. 相似文献
74.
Bergantini L Cameli P d’Alessandro M Vagaggini C Refini RM Landi C Pieroni MG Spalletti M Sestini P Bargagli E 《Clinical and experimental medicine》2019,19(4):487-494
Clinical and Experimental Medicine - Background The pathogenetic and regulatory roles of natural killer (NK) and natural killer T-like cells in interstitial lung diseases (ILDs), fibrotic and... 相似文献
75.
76.
77.
78.
Long‐term consequences of pain,anxiety and agitation for critically ill older patients after an intensive care unit stay 下载免费PDF全文
79.
80.