Imaging findings of lipomatosis: a comprehensive review

Lipomatosis is a benign and non-encapsulated mature form of fat tissue proliferation, which can be isolated or multiple, symmetrical or infiltrative, and may be associated with several syndromes. Lipomatosis has been reported to involve almost every part and organ in the body. In this review, we present imaging findings at common locations of lipomatosis and summarize lipomatosis-related syndromes.     

When do we need contrast-enhanced CT in patients with vague urinary system findings on unenhanced CT?

Determination of renal neoplasms, hematoma, infarct, urinoma, cysts, and pyelonephritis may require contrast material administration following unenhanced CT in patients with flank pain. In this pictorial review, we aimed to clarify when contrast material administration is needed following vague urinary system findings on unenhanced CT. Erhan Akpinar and Baris Turkbey contributed equally to this work.     

Imaging of aberrant left gastric vein and associated pseudolesions of segments II and III of the liver and mimickers

We present imaging findings of aberrant left gastric vein (ALGV) and associated pseudolesions and mimickers including metastases and focal nodular hyperplasia. ALGV is formed due to interrupted involution of anastomotic omental veins, and it can drain into left portal vein or segments II and III of the liver as third inflow. Focal fat, focal fat sparing, and perfusion changes can be seen due to the presence of ALGV, which can mimic metastasis in cancer patients. ALGV may also serve as a pathway for direct tumor spread into the liver in patients with gastric cancer. Magnetic resonance imaging can be used as a problem solving tool in the presence of equivocal findings on ultrasonography and computed tomography.Pseudolesions of the liver are a well-known issue and have been reported in the literature. These pseudolesions are caused by aberrant hepatopedal venous flow other than portal venous system, also known as third inflow. Third inflow is most commonly due to aberrant right gastric, paraumbilical, and cholecystic veins (1–3). Pseudolesions caused by aberrant left gastric vein (ALGV) are considered to be a more rare entity (4).The purpose of this study is to illustrate ALGV drainage into the liver and associated pseudolesions of segments II and III of the liver. In addition, we illustrate imaging findings of the mimickers of these pseudolesions.     

MR angiography of left-sided cervical aortic arch with aberrant right subclavian artery

Cervical aortic arch is a rare anomaly. We report the contrast-enhanced MR angiography features of left-sided cervical aortic arch with contralateral descending aorta and aberrant right subclavian artery in a 16-year-old girl.     

Treatment of hypertension from renal artery entrapment by percutaneous CT-guided botulinum toxin injection into diaphragmatic crus as alternative to surgery and stenting

OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to describe the technique and outcome of CT-guided injection of botulinum toxin into the diaphragmatic crus in a patient with hypertension caused by left diaphragmatic crus compression of the left renal artery. CONCLUSION: After the procedure, the patient's hypertension disappeared. We propose this technique, which directly targets inhibition of overactivity of the diaphragmatic crus, for treatment of hypertension caused by diaphragmatic compression of the renal artery as an alternative to surgery and renal artery stenting.     

CT presentation of Wegener's granulomatosis in a child: rapidly progressive changes of pulmonary nodules to cavities

We present a child with Wegener's granulomatosis who showed lung lesions progressing from nodules to cavities within a 1-month period on CT.