胰体尾部肿瘤的手术切除

摘要：目的 探讨胰体尾部肿瘤的外科治疗方法。方法 近18年来，采用手术治疗胰体尾部肿瘤45例，其中恶性肿瘤33例，良性肿瘤12例；行远端胰腺切除17例，联合脏器切除24例，肿瘤局部切除4例。结果 病理类型：胰体尾癌33例，胰岛细胞瘤8例，囊腺瘤2例，上皮样纤维瘤1例，囊性畸胎瘤1例。切除肿瘤最大径：胰体尾癌平均为（8.0±2.6）cm；胰岛细胞瘤平均为（6.5±2.4）cm。无手术死亡病例。术后并发症：胰瘘2例，膈下脓肿2例，胰腺假性囊肿1例，上消化道出血 1例，切口感染或愈合不良3例，均经非手术疗法治愈。结论 远端胰腺切除术是治疗胰体尾部肿瘤的有效方法；术前需常规做好联合脏器切除的准备；胰腺残端的处理选用主胰管结扎加褥式缝合法可有效避免胰瘘的发生。     

金纳米颗粒修饰及其对肝癌细胞生长和辐射损伤的影响

目的：用巯基-聚乙二醇（SH-PEG）对金纳米颗粒（AuNPs）进行化学修饰（PEG-AuNPs）并分析其对肝癌细胞存活率和辐射对肝癌细胞作用的影响。方法制备的AuNPs用SH-PEG进行化学修饰,用透射电子显微镜观测PEG-AuNPs的大小及肝癌细胞对其的摄取,应用Cell Titer-Glo发光法和克隆形成实验分别分析PEG-AuNPs对肝癌细胞的生长抑制作用和辐射对肝癌细胞作用的影响。结果制备的PEG-AuNPs的尺寸分别为14．4 nm和30．5 nm。30．5 nm PEG-AuNPs更容易被肝癌细胞摄取,表现出明显地抑制肝癌细胞生长的作用和提高辐射对肝癌细胞的杀伤作用。结论 AuNPs经过SH-PEG化学修饰,30．5 nm PEG-AuNPs对肝癌细胞的生长抑制作用和提高辐射杀伤肝癌细胞的作用强于14．4 nm PEG-AuNPs。     

多层螺旋CT多平面及曲面重建在小儿肠套叠诊断中的应用简

目的：探讨多层螺旋CT（MSCT）后处理重建技术对小儿肠套叠诊断的价值。方法分析47例空气灌肠整复或手术证实肠套叠MSCT表现,所有病例均多平面重建（MPR）、曲面重建（CPR）重组,测量套叠肠管长度及管壁肿胀厚度。结果横轴面显示靶征43例,彗星尾征伴肾形肿块23例,结合MPR显示靶征47例（100%）、彗星尾征伴肾形肿块33例（70.2%）。整复成功36例,失败9例。成功组套叠肠管长（8.20±3.06）cm,厚（0.81±0.29）cm,失败组：长（12.15±0.26）cm,厚（1.47±0.28）cm。2组比较差异有统计学意义（t 长=3.8360,t 厚=6.1456,P值均〈0.01）。结论 MSCT多平面技术能提高套叠特征性征象显示率,套叠肠管长度及管壁厚度的测量,能帮助临床预测整复成功率,正确选择治疗方案。     

Analysis of 4931 renal biopsy data in central China from 1994 to 2014

The purpose of this study is to investigate the changing spectrum and clinicopathologic correlation of biopsy-proven renal diseases in central China. We retrospectively analyzed data of 4931 patients who underwent renal biopsy in ten hospitals between September 1994 and December 2014. Among them, 81.55% were primary glomerular diseases (GD), and 13.02% were secondary GD. IgA nephropathy (IgAN) was the most common primary GD (43.45%), followed by focal glomerulonephritis (16.79%), mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis (MsPGN, 14.35%), and membranous nephropathy (MN, 13.28%). IgAN was leading primary GD in patients under 60 years old, while MN was the leading one over 60 years old. The most frequent secondary GD was lupus nephritis (LN) (47.35%). The prevalence of IgAN, MN and minimal change disease was found to increase significantly (p?<?0.001, p?<?0.001, and p?<?0.01, respectively), while that of MsPGN, membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis and LN decreased significantly (p?<?0.001, p?<?0.001, and p?<?0.05, respectively). The main indication for renal biopsy was proteinuria and hematuria (49.03%), followed by nephrotic syndrome (NS, 20.36%). IgAN was the most common cause in patients with proteinuria and hematuria, chronic-progressive kidney injury, hematuria and acute kidney injury; and MN was the leading cause of NS. Primary GD remained the predominant renal disease in central China. IgAN and LN were the most prevalent histopathologic lesions of primary and secondary GD, respectively. The spectrum of biopsy-proven renal disease had a great change in the past two decades. Proteinuria and hematuria was the main indication for renal biopsy.     

广东省“互联网+护理服务”试点医疗机构护理服务调查

目的 了解广东省“互联网+护理服务”试点工作进展,为政策制定提供依据。 方法 选取177所“互联网+护理服务”试点医疗机构,使用广东省卫生健康委员会平台统一设计的统计表进行横断面调查,包括管理及服务制度、运行机制及流程、出诊护士培训体制等。 结果 实际开展“互联网+护理服务”工作的试点机构146个,其中三级医院占58.90%;共有13 154名护士参与服务,服务总人次为192 442,平均患者满意度96.63%,出诊护士对试点工作总体满意度为88.67%。实际开展“互联网+护理服务”项目数43项,其中服务量排序靠前的项目为母婴护理（44 074人次）、生命体征监测（23 313人次）、家庭巡视（21 636人次）;排序靠后为人工肛门便袋护理（16人次）和一般灌肠（16人次）。 结论 广东省的“互联网+护理服务”试点工作已经取得初步成效,初步形成符合本地特色的服务模式,但仍需扩大服务人群,补充服务项目,优化支付机制,加强监管系统。     

成年癌症患者生育力保存决策体验质性研究的Meta整合

目的 系统整合癌症患者生育力保存决策体验的质性研究,为辅助癌症患者做决策及改进现有决策支持体系提供循证依据。方法 计算机检索PubMed、EMbase、The Cochrane Library、CINAHL、Web of Science、PsycINFO、Scopus、中国知网、万方数据库、维普数据库关于癌症患者生育力保存决策的质性研究,检索时限为建库至2022年8月。采用JBI循证卫生保健中心质性研究质量评价标准对文献进行质量评价,采用Meta整合中汇集性整合方法对结果进行整合。结果 共纳入18篇文献,提炼出67个研究结果,将相似结果归纳成7个新的类别,并综合成3个整合结果：对生育力保存风险-收益的艰难权衡,紧迫决策下复杂的心理变化过程,决策过程的干扰。结论 医护人员及相关卫生机构应重视癌症患者生育力保存决策的心理体验和信息需求,优化决策程序、开发决策辅助方案,促进患者尽快完成决策。     

Outcomes following parotidectomy for metastatic squamous cell carcinoma with microscopic residual disease: implications for facial nerve preservation

Background.

Metastatic cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the parotid is an aggressive disease, requiring combined modality treatment of surgery and adjuvant radiotherapy to achieve cure. This study aims to determine whether facial nerve preservation followed by radiotherapy is a reasonable option in patients with microscopic residual disease involving the facial nerve.

Methods.

One hundred seventy‐six patients with metastatic cutaneous SCC involving the parotid were analyzed.

Results.

In this cohort, 15 patients who underwent nerve‐sparing surgery and adjuvant radiotherapy were found to have involved margins adjacent to the facial nerve. Comparing this group to patients with clear margins showed no difference in local recurrence or survival. Only 3 patients in this group developed local recurrence, and all successfully salvaged by further surgery.

Conclusion.

This study suggests that patients with metastatic cutaneous SCC to the parotid with microscopic residual disease involving the facial nerve and normal function can be successfully treated with a facial nerve–sparing approach and timely postoperative radiotherapy. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2009     

2007-2012年临床分离鲍曼不动杆菌耐药性及Ⅰ类整合子变化分析

目的检测我院2007年1月-2012年12月临床分离鲍曼不动杆菌耐药性及Ⅰ类整合子变化。方法对2007—2012年分离的鲍曼不动杆菌分为2007—2008、2009—2010、2011—2012年3个时间阶段,采用纸片扩散法研究其对12种常用抗菌药物的耐药性;在3个时间段分离的菌株中分别随机选取100株,采用聚合酶链反应扩增检测Ⅰ类整合子。结果 3个时间段分别检测鲍曼不动杆菌为191、279、527株。鲍曼不动杆菌对12种常用抗菌药物耐药性增长明显(P<0.05)。Ⅰ类整合子阳性菌检出率逐年增加,且Ⅰ类整合子阳性菌耐药性明显高于阴性菌(P<0.01)。结论我院鲍曼不动杆菌耐药性较高,Ⅰ类整合子和多药耐药检测比例增加明显,需要加强医院感染的检测和耐药菌监控,进一步规范抗菌药物使用。