硫酸氨基葡萄糖脂质体的制备及其对骨关节炎的治疗作用

目的:构建与评价硫酸氨基葡萄糖脂质体(glucosamine sulfate liposome, GAS-Lips),并比较游离硫酸氨基葡萄糖(GAS)和GAS-Lips对前交叉韧带横断术(anterior cruciate ligament transection, ACLT)构建的骨关节炎大鼠的治疗效果。方法:采用薄膜分散法构建GAS-Lips,并对其粒径、形貌、载药量与体内滞留性进行评价。24只SD大鼠随机分为假手术组、ACLT+未给药组、ACLT+GAS组、ACLT+GAS-Lips组。通过关节腔注射生理盐水、GAS与GAS-Lips进行体内药效实验,并观察其对骨关节炎的治疗作用。结果:表征实验结果表明,GAS-Lips平均粒径为(255.02±3.64)nm,形状为类球形。制剂学评价结果表明,包封率为(78.62±1.01)%,载药量为(9.90±0.75)%,并具有良好的缓释作用。体内滞留实验表明,与对照组相比,Cy3-Lips组在关节腔滞留时间明显延长(P<0.01)。体内药效实验表明,与游离GAS相比,GAS-Lips可以更有效缓解关节表面损伤,抑制炎症因子的表达...     

Oliva vidua fulminans, a marine mollusc, responsible for five fatal cases of neurotoxic food poisoning in Sabah, Malaysia

This is the first report in which a marine mollusc, Oliva vidua fulminans (olives), generally not known to be poisonous, was responsible for death in five children after consuming boiled olives with tamarind. The onset of symptoms was rapid 10 to 20 min after consumption of the olives. Signs and symptoms included nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, tingling sensation around the lips, numbness around the mouth, drowsiness, lethargy and generalized weakness with paraesthesia in the limbs. The five deaths occurred within 3 to 4 hours after eating the poisoned olives and resulted from respiratory failure. Left-over olives from the affected household and freshly collected live olives had a toxicity of 14,200 mouse units (M.U.) and 15,000 M.U. per 100 g meat respectively. No other common chemical poison and organophosphorus insecticides were detected. The neurotoxic agent was acid and heat stable and was toxic at pH less than 4. Its action was similar to that of paralytic shellfish poisoning which was caused by toxins from certain dinoflagellates.     

原发性肝癌全肝切除标本的病理解剖学特征及其启示

目的 探讨原发性肝癌的病理解剖学特征及其意义.方法 2000年8月至2007年12月共有89例肝硬化合并原发性肝癌患者接受肝移植手术,收集手术切除标本及受侵犯的邻近组织和肿大的淋巴结.将标本沿冠状切面每隔1.0 cm切开,观察肝癌的大小、数目、分布、包膜、门静脉瘤栓、卫星灶,并记录卫星灶与主瘤问的距离、受肝癌侵犯的组织、淋巴结等,然后送病理学检查,最终诊断以病理报告为准.结果 89例患者中,肝细胞肝癌86例,胆管细胞性肝癌3例;多发肿瘤53例,单发肿瘤36例;13例主瘤在右叶,但左叶存在小癌灶;14例有较完整的包膜,75例无包膜,无包膜病例中11例边界不清;术中所见侵犯邻近组织的25例患者中,8例经病理证实,16例的肿大淋巴结中7例有癌浸润;有门静脉主干或分支瘤栓者42例(47.2%),有卫星灶者39例(43.8%),瘤栓与卫星灶随肿瘤体积、数目增加而增加;卫星灶距主瘤距离多为0.5～3.0 cm,少数达5.0 cm.结论 全肝切除标本能全面地反映肝癌牛长和浸润特征.应警惕门静脉瘤栓及卫星灶的存在,特别是距主瘤较远的卫星灶及门静脉小支内的瘤栓,以及分布在另一肝叶的小癌灶.这些因素在影像学检查时容易漏诊,但会影响肝切除术或肝移植术的疗效.     

冠脉介入治疗中造影剂对血清胱抑素C水平的影响

目的观察经皮冠状动脉腔内介入治疗术（PCI）患者手术前后血中胱抑素C（CysC）水平变化。方法选择接受PCI术的患者80例,检测手术前后不同时间点血肌酐（SCr）、肾小球滤过率（GFR）和血CysC水平。结果 80例患者术前和术后24h及48 h SCr、GFR水平比较,差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）,未发生对比剂肾病（CAN）。CysC水平在术后24 h及48 h显著升高,与术前比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论在PCI术后SCr变化不明显的患者血CysC水平已升高,提示CysC对造影剂肾病（CAN）有早期预测作用。     

豆油对饲低硒粮大鼠血浆Cu、Zn、Ca和Mg含量的影响

目的 :探讨豆油 [富含 ω- 6多不饱和脂肪酸 ( PUFAs) ]对饲低硒粮大鼠血浆 Cu、Zn、Ca和 Mg含量变化的影响。方法 :用低硒和补硒饲料喂养大鼠 4周 ,补加 5 %豆油后再继续饲养 4周。用原子吸收分光光度计测定大鼠血浆中 Cu、 Zn、 Ca、和 Mg含量。结果 :饲低硒粮和补硒粮组 ,在饲料中添加豆油后 ,大鼠血浆中 Cu、Zn、Ca、和 Mg含量均有不同程度下降。在添加豆油的大鼠 Zn、Mg含量下降更明显 ,Ca、Cu含量虽有所下降 ,但差异无显著性。结论 :饲料中添加豆油 ,使大鼠PUFAs的摄入量增加 ,Cu、Zn、Ca和 Mg含量降低。     

Prognostic value of thoracic tumor staging and volume parameters in non-small cell lung cancer patients with synchronous solitary bone metastasis

BackgroundNon-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with synchronous solitary metastasis are a heterogeneous population. The analysis and evaluation of NSCLC patients with synchronous solitary bone metastases by cTN stage (thoracic tumor staging) and volume parameters have not yet been studied. The purpose of this study is to estimate the prognostic value of cTN stage and volume parameters obtained by fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) in NSCLC patients with synchronous solitary bone metastasis.MethodsA total of 157 NSCLC patients with synchronous solitary bone metastasis were retrospectively analyzed. Patients’ cTN stage, metabolic tumor volume (MTV) parameters, and clinical data were collected. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and a Cox regression model were performed to determine the association between each factor and overall survival (OS). Finally, time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (TDROC) curve analysis was used to assess the predictive capacity of the independent prognostic factors.ResultsKaplan-Meier survival analysis showed significant differences between subgroups in terms of cTN stage. The median OS of group I was 44 months, and the 5-year survival rate was 39.6%. In the multivariate Cox regression analysis, cTN stage, MTV of the whole body (MTVwb), and MTV of thorax (MTVtho) were significantly associated with patient OS, even after adjusting for other clinical factors. However, MTV of bone (MTVbon) was not found to be an independent prognostic factor. TDROC curve analysis showed that cTN stage, MTVwb, and MTVtho had good predictive capacity for NSCLC patients with synchronous solitary bone metastasis. Compared with cTN stage and MTVtho, MTVwb had obviously better predictive specificity and sensitivity for the 5-year survival rate [5-year area under the curve (AUC) of MTVwb =0.844 vs. cTN stage (P=0.035) vs. MTVtho (P=0.052)]. The best cutoff value of MTVwb was 33.05.ConclusionsThe results of this study confirmed that cTN stage, MTVwb, and MTVtho were independent prognostic factors of NSCLC patients with synchronous solitary bone metastases. These factors can be used for risk stratification of these patients. TDROC curve analysis indicated that cTN stage, MTVtho, and MTVwb had good performance for survival prediction.     

IGFBP-4对A549细胞免疫原性细胞死亡的作用及其机制

目的：探讨IGFBP-4对A549细胞免疫原性细胞死亡（ICD）的作用及其分子机制。方法：体外培养A549细胞,将细胞分为对照组、IGFBP-4组、IGFBP-4+NAC组和IGFBP4+si-p38组。经培养48 h后,用MTT法检测细胞存活率,流式细胞技术检测细胞内ROS、钙网蛋白（CRT）含量,ELISA法检测培养基中高迁移率族蛋白1（HMGB1）含量和细胞内SOD、MDA含量,Western blot法检测p-p38和p38表达。结果：与对照组相比,IGFBP-4组细胞内ROS、CRT、HMGB1、MDA含量、p-p38和p38表达升高,细胞存活率、SOD2含量下降（P＜0.05）;与IGFBP-4组相比,IGFBP-4+NAC组和IGFBP-4+si-p38细胞内ROS、CRT、HMGB1和MDA含量下降,细胞存活率、SOD2含量增高（P＜0.05）。结论：IGFBP-4通过激活p38 MAPK通路,诱发细胞内氧化应激促使A549细胞发生免疫原性细胞死亡。