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Zielinsky A; Hirsh J; Straumanis G; Carter CJ; Gent M; Sackett DL; Hull R; Kelton JG; Powers P; Turpie AG 《Blood》1982,59(2):346-350
We have evaluated the fibrinogen/fibrin fragment E antigen assay as a diagnostic test in patients with clinically suspected venous thrombosis by comparing the results of this assay with venography in 272 patients. The result of the fragment E antigen assay was elevated in 79 of 80 patients with positive venograms for recent venous thrombosis (sensitivity 99%) and within the normal range in 161 of 192 patients with normal venograms (specificity 84%). The fragment E assay was also evaluated in 130 medical and surgical controls without evidence of venous thrombosis by leg scanning and the test was found to be relatively nonspecific. However, in the patient group under study, a correct clinical diagnosis of no thrombosis, based on a normal fragment E result, was made in 161 of 162 cases (negative predictive value of 99%). Therefore, a normal test result effectively excludes a diagnosis of venous thrombosis in clinically symptomatic patients. The assay, as currently performed, is technically demanding and takes 24 hr to complete. Therefore, it will have to be simplified before it can be applied to clinical practice. 相似文献
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To examine the distribution and physiological role of CO2/pH-sensitive chemoreceptors in the gills of the tropical fish, traira (Hoplias malabaricus), fish were exposed to acute environmental hypercarbia (1.25, 2.5 and 5.0% CO2 in air) and subjected to injections of HCl into the ventral aorta and buccal cavity. This was done before and after selective denervation of branchial branches of the IXth and Xth cranial nerves to various gills arches. Hypercarbia produced a significant decrease in heart rate, a mild hypotension as well as increases in both ventilation rate and ventilation amplitude. The data suggest that the hypercarbic bradycardia and increase in ventilation frequency arise from receptors exclusively within the gills but present on more than the first gill arch, while extra-branchial receptors may also be involved in controlling the increase in ventilation amplitude. With the exception of a decrease in heart rate in response to HCl injected into the ventral aorta, the acid injections (internal and external) did not mimic the cardiorespiratory responses observed during hypercarbia suggesting that changes in CO2 are more important than changes in pH in producing cardiorespiratory responses. Finally, the data indicate that chemoreceptors sensitive to CO2/pH and to O2 in the gills of this species involved in producing ventilatory responses are distributed in a similar fashion, but that those involved in producing the bradycardia are not. 相似文献
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Oral Diseases (2012) 19 , 46–58 Sjögren’s syndrome (SjS) is one of the most common autoimmune rheumatic diseases, clinically characterized by xerostomia and keratoconjunctivitis sicca. We investigated the following controversial topics: (i) Do we have reliable ways of assessing saliva production? (ii) How important are the quantity and quality of saliva? (iii) Are only anti‐SSA/Ro and anti‐SSB/La relevant for the diagnosis of SjS? (iv) Are the American‐European Consensus criteria (AECC) the best way to diagnose SjS? Results from literature searches suggested the following: (i) Despite the fact that numerous tests are available to assess salivation rates, direct comparisons among them are scarce with little evidence to suggest one best test. (ii) Recent developments highlight the importance of investigating the composition of saliva. However, more research is needed to standardize the methods of analysis and collection and refine the quality of the accumulating data. (iii) In addition to anti‐Ro/La autoantibodies, anti α‐fodrin IgA and anti‐MR3 autoantibodies seem to be promising diagnostic markers of SjS, but more studies are warranted to test their sensitivity and specificity. (iv) AECC are classification, not diagnostic criteria. Moreover, recent innovations have not been incorporated into these criteria. Consequently, treatment directed to patients diagnosed using the AECC might exclude a significant proportion of patients with SjS. 相似文献
15.
Emina Mocevic Ina O Specht Jacob L Marott Aleksander Giwercman Bo AG J?nsson Gunnar Toft Thomas Lundh Jens Peter Bonde 《Asian journal of andrology》2013,15(1):97-104
Several animal studies indicate that mercury is a male reproductive toxicant, but human studies are few and contradictory. We examined semen characteristics and serum levels of reproductive hormones in relation to environmental exposure to mercury. Blood and semen samples were collected from 529 male partners of pregnant women living in Greenland, Poland and Ukraine between May 2002 and February 2004. The median concentration of the total content of mercury in whole blood was 9.2 ng ml−1 in Greenland (0.2–385.8 ng ml−1), 1.0 ng ml−1 in Poland (0.2–6.4 ng ml−1) and 1.0 ng ml−1 in Ukraine (0.2–4.9 ng ml−1). We found a significantly positive association between the blood levels of mercury and serum concentration of inhibin B in men from Greenland (β=0.074, 95% confidence interval (CI)=0.021 to 0.126) and in an analysis including men from all three regions (β=0.067, 95% CI=0.024 to 0.110). The association may be due to beneficial effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), which are contained in seafood and fish. No significant association (P>0.05) was found between blood concentrations of mercury and any of the other measured semen characteristics (semen volume, total sperm count, sperm concentration, morphology and motility) and reproductive hormones (free androgen index (FAI), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), testosterone and LH×testosterone) in any region. In conclusion, the findings do not provide evidence that environmental mercury exposure in Greenlandic and European men with median whole blood concentration up to 10 ng ml−1 has adverse effects on biomarkers of male reproductive health. 相似文献
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Savchenko VG Liubimova LS Parovichnikova EN Mendeleeva LP Mamotiuk KS Demidova IA Gribanova EO Gal'tseva IV Pokrovskaia OS Kuz'mina LA Zhelnova EI Kliasova GA Glasko EN Kaplanskaia IB Poreshina LP Kut'ina RM Shpakova AP Shtareva EM Varlamova SV Kalinin NN 《Terapevticheski? arkhiv》2007,79(7):30-35
AIM: To analyse results of transplantation of allogenic and autologous hemopoietic stem cells (allo-THSC and auto-THSC) with myeloablation preconditioning in patients with acute leukemia (AL) performed in 1987-2006. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 71 allogenic and 45 autologous THSC were performed in 116 patients with different AL variants. Conditioning in all allo-THSC included busulfan (16 mg/kg) and cyclophosphamide (120 mg/kg). This regimen was used in 29 recipients of auto-HSC. Cyclophosphamide in a dose 120 mg/kg and total radiation of the body in a dose 12 Gy were given to 16 recipients. Overall, relapse-free and event-free survival of patients after THSC were analysed as well as early (first 100 days) and overall lethality. Auto-THSC in 15 patients was for the first time followed by immunomodulating therapy aimed at prevention of AL relapses: in acute myeloid leukemia ATRA in combination with alpha-interferon, in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)--ronkoleukin, interleukin-2 preparation. RESULTS: Overall survival of AL patients after allo-THSC for the observation period increased from 31 to 58%, early lethality fell from 44 to 4%. Results of allo-THSC conducted in the first complete remission were much better than in patients with other AL stages at the time of THSC. After auto-THSC 5-year survival rose from 22 to 60% while early lethality reduced from 33 to 4%. Administration of immunomodulating therapy after auto-THSC increases 5-year survival from 35 to 80%. CONCLUSION: Outcomes of THSC in AL has improved for the last 20 years. Outcomes of allo-THSC performed in the first complete remission are much higher. Immunomodulating therapy after auto-THSC promoted better results. 相似文献
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Roman Kalinin Igor Suchkov Vladislav Povarov Nina Mzhavanadze Olga Zhurina 《World journal of cardiology》2023,15(4):174-183
BACKGROUND Bradyarrhythmias are typically treated with permanent pacemakers(PM). The elimination of bradyarrhythmia by PM implantation improves the patient’s quality of life and prognosis, but it can also result in a number of sequalae. It is still unclear how PM implantation affects the hemostasis system’s parameters and how such parameters relate to different consequences after PM placement.AIM To assess the blood coagulation factor activity in PM patients throughout the perioperative period.M... 相似文献
20.
Sergey Kalinin Gordon P. Meares Shao Xia Lin Elizabeth A. Pietruczyk Gesine Saher Lena Spieth Klaus-Armin Nave Anne I. Boullerne Sarah E. Lutz Etty N. Benveniste Douglas L. Feinstein 《Glia》2020,68(3):600-616
Liver kinase B1 (LKB1) is a ubiquitously expressed kinase involved in the regulation of cell metabolism, growth, and inflammatory activation. We previously reported that a single nucleotide polymorphism in the gene encoding LKB1 is a risk factor for multiple sclerosis (MS). Since astrocyte activation and metabolic function have important roles in regulating neuroinflammation and neuropathology, we examined the serine/threonine kinase LKB1 in astrocytes in a chronic experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis mouse model of MS. To reduce LKB1, a heterozygous astrocyte-selective conditional knockout (het-cKO) model was used. While disease incidence was similar, disease severity was worsened in het-cKO mice. RNAseq analysis identified Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways enriched in het-cKO mice relating to mitochondrial function, confirmed by alterations in mitochondrial complex proteins and reductions in mRNAs related to astrocyte metabolism. Enriched pathways included major histocompatibility class II genes, confirmed by increases in MHCII protein in spinal cord and cerebellum of het-cKO mice. We observed increased numbers of CD4+ Th17 cells and increased neuronal damage in spinal cords of het-cKO mice, associated with reduced expression of choline acetyltransferase, accumulation of immunoglobulin-γ, and reduced expression of factors involved in motor neuron survival. In vitro, LKB1-deficient astrocytes showed reduced metabolic function and increased inflammatory activation. These data suggest that metabolic dysfunction in astrocytes, in this case due to LKB1 deficiency, can exacerbate demyelinating disease by loss of metabolic support and increase in the inflammatory environment. 相似文献