泌尿生殖道支原体感染情况及耐药性分析

目的:探讨泌尿生殖道支原体感染及耐药情况,为临床治疗提供合理、科学的抗生素用药依据.方法:应用支原体培养鉴定药敏试剂盒检测从患者中分离培养的支原体对10种抗生素的药敏情况,并对结果进行分析.结果:2 137例患者中1 163例支原体阳性,阳性率为54.42%;其中女性标本中阳性率为59.58%、男性标本中阳性率为38.78%,女性感染率明显高于男性,Uu、Mh、Uu+Mh阳性率分别为41.18%(880/2137)、3.88%(83/2137)、9.36%(200/2137),以Uu感染率最高,对Uu敏感率最高的抗生素为强力霉素,耐药率最高者为环丙沙星.结论:泌尿生殖道支原体的感染相当普遍,以Uu阳性率最高,女性高于男性,其耐药性已相当严重,应引起临床重视.     

硫酸锌对高脂喂养载脂蛋白E基因敲除小鼠主动脉基质金属蛋白酶-9和CD40表达的影响

目的探讨硫酸锌对高脂喂养载脂蛋白E（ApoE）基因敲除小鼠血脂和氧化低密度脂蛋白（oxLDL）水平,及主动脉中基质金属蛋白酶9（MMP-9）和细胞分化抗原40（CD40）mRNA表达的影响。方法 AopE基因敲除小鼠连续14周喂饲高脂饲料,同时分别给予小鼠浓度为2.5、25 mmol/L硫酸锌水溶液作为低剂量组和高剂量组。测定小鼠血脂和oxLDL水平,并测定主动脉中MMP-9和CD40 mRNA表达水平。结果低剂量组和高剂量组小鼠血清中甘油三酯和oxLDL水平明显低于动脉粥样硬化（AS）模型组（P〈0.01）。低剂量组和高剂量组小鼠主动脉MMP-9 mRNA和CD40 mRNA水平与AS模型组没有差异。结论补充硫酸锌降低了AS模型动物的甘油三酯和oxLDL水平,具有潜在的抗AS作用,但对主动脉MMP-9和CD40 mRNA表达无影响。     

Endovascular aneurysm repair using a reverse chimney technique in a patient with Marfan syndrome and contained ruptured chronic type B dissection

We report endovascular thoracic and abdominal aneurysm repair (EVAR) with reverse chimney technique in a patient with contained ruptured type B dissection. EVAR seems feasible as a bailout option in Marfan patients with acute life-threatening disease.     

Effects of Stevia rebaudiana (Bertoni) extract and N-nitro-L-arginine on renal function and ultrastructure of kidney cells in experimental type 2 Diabetes

Diabetes is the leading cause of chronic renal failure. Our purpose was to determine the effects of N-nitro-l-arginine (l-NNA) and an extract of Stevia rebaudiana (Bertoni) (SrB) leaves on renal function in streptozotocin-nicotinamide (STZ-NA)-induced diabetic rats. Rats were divided into seven groups. Three of these groups were controls. Diabetes was induced by STZ-NA in the other four. Diabetic rats were treated with SrB (200 mg/kg), L-NNA (100?mg/kg), or SrB + L-NNA for 15 days after 5-8 weeks of diabetes. At the end of the experiments, urine and blood samples were collected from the rats, and kidney tissue samples were collected with the animals under ether anesthesia. Renal filtration changes were determined by measuring urine pH, urine volume, and serum and urine creatinine. Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity was measured in kidney homogenates. Alterations in kidney ultrastructure were determined by electron microscopy, and histological changes were examined by hematoxylin and eosin staining. No statistical differences were observed in urine creatinine or creatinine clearance. Even so, we observed higher NOS activity in SrB-treated diabetic rats. SrB-treated diabetic rats had less mitochondrial swelling and vacuolization in thin kidney sections than other diabetic groups. The control groups showed normal histological structure, whereas in the diabetic groups, membrane thickening, tubular epithelial cells, and cellular degeneration were observed. Thus, SrB has beneficial effects on diabetes compared with l-NNA. Our results support the validity of SrB for the management of diabetes as well as diabetes-induced renal disorders.     

Mini-open technique for the achilles tenotomy in correction of idiopathic clubfoot: a report of 25 cases

Achilles tenotomy is performed for the residual equinus deformity in the Ponseti method of clubfoot treatment. In the present article, we describe a mini-open Achilles tenotomy technique to prevent complications that could occur during tenotomy. This technique was performed on 15 patients (25 feet) during a 3-year period in our clinic on patients whose equinus deformities could not have been corrected by manipulations. Clear improvement (mean angle, 30 degrees ) was observed in equinus in our patients, and we have not seen any complication in this method. We conclude that direct visualizing of the tendon with mini-open incision may reduce the risk of neurovascular injury, especially for surgeons who are not experienced.     

Human milk as a carrier of biochemical messages

Not only does breast milk provides an ideal nutrient composition for the newborn, but it also contains a variety of substances that may actively influence growth and development of the infant and stimulate neonatal protection against gastrointestinal diseases. Hormones, growth factors, cytokines and even whole cells are present in breast milk and act to establish biochemical and immunological communication between mother and child. In addition, milk nutrients such as nucleotides, glutamine and lactoferrin have been shown to influence gastrointestinal development and host defense. The unique properties of milk as a mediator of biochemical messages will be presented and the clinical significance of breastfeeding in the prevention of neonatal gastrointestinal diseases will be discussed.     

Dose-response effect of fetal cocaine exposure on newborn neurologic function

BACKGROUND: Studies of fetal cocaine exposure and newborn neurologic function have obtained conflicting results. Although some studies identify abnormalities, others find no differences between cocaine-exposed and cocaine-unexposed infants. To determine the effects of prenatal cocaine exposure on intrauterine growth and neurologic function in infants, we prospectively evaluated 253 infants shortly after birth. METHODS: Women who delivered a live singleton >36 weeks by dates were eligible for enrollment. Maternal exclusionary criteria were known parenteral drug use, alcoholism, and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome; infant exclusionary criteria were Apgar scores 相似文献   

鼻种植相关的切牙管三维重建的影像学研究

目的:明确切牙管区的解剖结构,为鼻缺失后种植体支持的赝复体修复提供依据,以明确种植钉植入部位及方向。方法:对60例正常咬合人群的上颌骨进行64排螺旋CT扫描和三维重建,观察切牙管开口的形状及周围骨质形态,并在中切牙之间的矢状位截面上测量切牙管的长度、鼻腔和口腔开口的纵径、与鼻底平面所成角度及与牙槽骨前壁的距离。结果:研究得出了切牙管口腔开口的形态、平均长度、口腔和鼻腔开口的矢状径、切牙管口腔开口和鼻腔开口距牙槽骨前壁的距离、切牙管前壁与鼻底平面的交角∠α、上前牙牙槽突与鼻底平面的交角∠β。结论:切牙管与牙槽骨前壁之间可植入直径5mm以内的种植体1枚,方向由后上方向前下方,与鼻底所成的角度介于∠α与∠β之间;双侧中切牙之间水平向可植入长度<5mm的种植体1枚。     

Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome: oral and craniofacial phenotypes

Objective:  Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS) is a rare early-onset accelerated senescence syndrome. In HGPS, a recently identified de novo dominant mutation of the lamin A gene ( LMNA ) produces abnormal lamin A, resulting in compromised nuclear membrane integrity. Clinical features include sclerotic skin, cardiovascular and bone abnormalities, and marked growth retardation. Craniofacial features include 'bird-like' facies, alopecia, craniofacial disproportion, and dental crowding. Our prospective study describes dental, oral soft tissue, and craniofacial bone features in HGPS.
Methods:  Fifteen patients with confirmed p.G608G LMNA mutation (1–17 years, seven males, eight females) received comprehensive oral evaluations. Anomalies of oral soft tissue, gnathic bones, and dentition were identified.
Results:  Radiographic findings included hypodontia ( n  = 7), dysmorphic teeth ( n  = 5), steep mandibular angles ( n  = 11), and thin basal bone ( n  = 11). Soft tissue findings included ogival palatal arch ( n  = 8), median sagittal palatal fissure ( n  = 7), and ankyloglossia ( n  = 7). Calculated dental ages (9 months to 11 years 2 months) were significantly lower than chronological ages (1 year 6 months to 17 years 8 months) ( P  = 0.002). Eleven children manifested a shorter mandibular body, anterior/posterior cranial base and ramus, but a larger gonial angle, compared to age/gender/race norms.
Conclusion:  Novel oral-craniofacial phenotypes and quantification of previously reported features are presented. Our findings expand the HGPS phenotype and provide additional insight into the complex pathogenesis of HGPS.