汉黄芩苷对缺氧复氧诱导H9c2心肌细胞损伤及P38和ERK1/2表达的影响

目的 探讨汉黄芩苷（Wog）对缺氧复氧诱导H9c2心肌细胞损伤及P38和ERK1/2表达的影响。方法 培养心肌细胞H9c2构建缺氧复氧模型（A/R）,给予Wog低、中、高剂量（12.5、25、50 μM）处理24h,采用CCK8检测48 h后细胞活力,Hochest染色检测细胞凋亡,ELISA检测细胞上清液中心肌损伤标记物［肌酸激酶（CK）,肌酸激酶同工酶（CK MB）、肌红蛋白（Mb）］和炎性细胞因子［白介素6（IL-6）、白介素1β（IL-1β）和诱导型一氧化氮合酶（iNOS）］的含量,生化试剂盒检测氧化应激指标［超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、丙二醛（MDA）及乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）］的含量,Western blot检测相关蛋白［B淋巴细胞瘤-2基因（Bcl-2）、Bcl-2相关x蛋白（Bax）、半胱氨酸天冬氨酸蛋白酶3（Caspase-3）、Caspase-9］、丝裂原活化蛋白激酶P38及细胞外调节激酶（ERK1/2）的表达。 结果 低、中、高剂量Wog处理缺氧复氧模型细胞H9c2,细胞存活率、Bcl-2及SOD的表达显著升高,凋亡率、Bax、Caspase-3、Caspase-9、CK、CK-MB、Mb、IL-6、IL-1β、iNOS、MDA、LDH、P38及ERK1/2的表达显著降低（均P＜0.05）。 结论 汉黄芩苷可通过改善炎症反应和氧化应激损伤,减少心肌细胞的凋亡,对缺氧复氧诱导H9c2心肌细胞损伤具有一定的保护作用,可能与下调P38、ERK1/2磷酸化有关。     

双通道客观视觉质量分析系统评估多焦点人工晶状体植入术后视觉质量

目的：应用双通道客观视觉质量分析系统(OQAS)测量区域折射型(SBL-3)和衍射折射型(SN6AD1)多焦点人工晶状体(MIOL)植入术后患者的视觉质量。

方法：选取2017-03/2018-04在我院行白内障超声乳化吸除联合人工晶状体植入术的年龄相关性白内障患者47例47眼。根据植入MIOL的不同分为SBL-3组(22例22眼)和SN6AD1组(25例25眼)。术后随访3mo,比较两组患者的裸眼及矫正远、中、近视力,并采用OQAS检查客观视觉质量。

结果：术后3mo,SBL-3组患者裸眼中视力优于SN6AD1组\〖0.14(0.04,0.26)vs 0.26(0.12,0.40),P<0.05\〗,客观散射指数\〖2.52(2.35,3.86)vs 1.89(1.39,2.28)\〗和人工晶状体眼伪调节力(2.47±0.88D vs 1.25±0.70D)均显著高于SN6AD1组,MTF-cut/off、SR及模拟对比度视力均显著低于SN6AD1组(P<0.01)。

结论：SBL-3和SN6AD1 MIOL植入术后患者均能够获得较好的主观视觉质量,但OQAS系统能够反映二者产生的客观视觉质量差异。     

澳大利亚护理硕士专业学位人才培养现状及启示

通过比较我国与澳大利亚护理硕士专业学位研究生人才培养项目在办学规模、师资情况、教育模式、课程设置、临床实践与评估、毕业要求方面的现状,提出了立足我国实际的教学改革建议,为完善具有中国特色的护理硕士专业学位研究生教育培养体系,培养健康中国建设所需要的高级护理人才提供参考。     

低钠血症、多尿症与颈髓损伤

目的探讨颈髓损伤后出现多尿症、低钠血症的机理及治疗方法。方法对1例强直性脊柱炎颈髓损伤并多尿症的原因进行分析并结合文献复习进行讨论。结果病人存在尿崩,且为肾性。多尿原因之一为伤前就存在的肾性尿崩,其二是颈髓损伤所致的交感神经功能紊乱;多尿症及低钠血症是颈髓损伤后常见并发症。结论颈髓损伤后发生的低钠血症存在两种理论解释,一是抗利尿激素分泌异常综合症(SIADHS),一是脑盐耗综合征(CSWS)。多尿症同样有两种解释,一为颈髓损伤所致的交感神经抑制,再就是颈髓损伤同时颅内损害所致的中枢性尿崩。确切发病机理尚有待于进一步研究与明确。     

单核细胞/淋巴细胞比值与糖尿病足患者下肢动脉病变的相关性研究

目的 探讨单核细胞/淋巴细胞比值（monocytes to lymphocytes ratio,MLR）与糖尿病足患者下肢动脉病变（lower extremity arterial disease,LEAD）的相关性。方法 选取2020年4月至2023年4月于陆军军医大学第一附属医院住院治疗的2 型糖尿病足患者243例,分为下肢动脉病变组（LEAD,n=103）和非下肢动脉病变组（non-lower extremity arterial disease,NLEAD,n=140）,分析MLR与LEAD的相关性。结果 LEAD组MLR显著高于NLEAD组［0.46（0.29,0.63） vs. 0.38（0.26,0.58）（P<0.05）］。logistic回归分析结果显示,MLR、年龄、胆固醇、血肌酐是糖尿病足患者发生下肢血管病变的影响因素（P<0.05）。受试者工作特征曲线分析表明,MLR预测糖尿病足患者下肢血管病变的最佳切点为0.34,敏感度和特异度分别为69.9%和46.4%。结论 MLR与2型糖尿病足患者LEAD的发生相关。     

内皮高表达脂多糖相关因子1通过影响NF-κB信号通路促进糖尿病小鼠皮肤创面愈合的研究

目的 探讨内皮高表达脂多糖相关因子1（endothelial-overexpressed lipopolysaccharide-associated factor 1,EOLA1）对2型糖尿病小鼠皮肤创面促愈合效果及机制。方法 选取SPF级6周龄db/db糖尿病小鼠,构建全层皮肤创面模型,在创口周边注射EOLA1高表达慢病毒。小鼠分为正常对照组、空载体慢病毒组、EOLA1慢病毒组。除正常对照组外,拍照记录不同时期小鼠创口愈合情况,造模第15天取创口及周边皮肤,HE染色观察创面肉芽组织及炎性浸润,Masson染色观察创面胶原纤维沉积,免疫荧光检测ARG1、iNOS观察巨噬细胞分型,Western blot及Real-time PCR检测NF-κB信号通路IκB-α、p-IκB-α、p65蛋白表达和EOLA1、TLR4、TNF-α、IL-1β基因表达水平。结果 与空载慢病毒组相比,EOLA1慢病毒组小鼠皮肤伤口愈合速度加快,肉芽组织及胶原纤维形成增多。EOLA1慢病毒组M2型巨噬细胞标志物ARG1表达升高,M1型巨噬细胞标志物iNOS表达降低。EOLA1慢病毒组IκB-α蛋白表达升高,p-IκB-α蛋白表达降低,TNF-α、IL-1β基因表达水平下调。结论 EOLA1可抑制糖尿病小鼠皮肤创面局部炎症,加速创面愈合,其机制可能为通过上调巨噬细胞内IκB-α表达,封闭p65活性,从而抑制炎症因子TNF-α、IL-1β的释放,巨噬细胞的表型也表现为从促炎症的M1型向促愈合的M2型转变。提示EOLA1在糖尿病创面具有抗炎促愈的潜力。     

Onyx embolization of a spinal epidural hemorrhage caused by thoracic spinal epidural arteriovenous fistula: A case report and literature review

Spinal epidural hemorrhages (SEDH) caused by spinal epidural arteriovenous fistulas (SEAVFs) are rare; thus, their specific pathogenesis has not been explained. Furthermore, the standard treatment for SEAVFs has not yet been defined. Here we report the case of a 36-year-old Chinese man who experienced acute onset chest pain and tightness. His symptoms rapidly aggravated until the lower limbs were unable to support him. Spinal magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) revealed a localized SEAVF and a secondary spinal cord lesion at the T4 level. Digital subtraction angiography (DSA) confirmed the presence of the SEDH/SEAVF at the T3–4 level with the left radicular artery feeding the fistula. Based on DSA and MRA findings, SEDH, local spinal cord infarction, and spinal venous reflux disorder were conditionally diagnosed. Using the arterial route, Onyx-34 was injected into the fistula to embolize the feeding arteries and the venous system. Angiography was performed after the microcatheter was withdrawn, and no residual fistula or anterior spinal artery was observed. The six-week follow-up MRI showed acceptable healing of the SEAVF, and the patient improved neurologically. This case suggests that endovascular treatment with Onyx-34 embolization should be considered a promising treatment strategy for this type of complicated SEAVF.     

MMPs与慢性子宫内膜炎及不孕症的研究

基质金属蛋白酶是一族依赖锌离子而降解各种细胞外基质的蛋白酶.基质金属蛋白酶的组织特异性抑制物是一组多功能基因家族,它们能特异性地抑制基质金属蛋白酶.基质金属蛋白酶-2和基质金属蛋白酶-9是最典型的代表,在子宫内膜均有表达.基质金属蛋白酶的组织特异性抑制物-1是基质金属蛋白酶-9的特异性抑制因子;基质金属蛋白酶的组织特异性抑制物-2是基质金属蛋白酶-2的天然抑制物.在胚胎植入等过程中,基质金属蛋白酶发挥着重要的作用.该文就基质金属蛋白酶-2和基质金属蛋白酶-9及其抑制物与慢性子宫内膜炎和不孕症的关系进行综述.     

直丝弓矫治技术用于安氏骨性Ⅱ类错(牙合)畸形治疗前后面型的改变

目的 探讨直丝弓矫治技术对安氏Ⅱ类骨性错(牙合)畸形患者骨面型的改变情况.方法 在矫治前拍摄的头颅定位侧位片上,筛选出8例安氏Ⅱ类骨性错胎畸形患者,应用直丝弓矫治技术进行矫治,矫治结束后,在同样条件下再拍摄头颅定位侧位片,行头影测量分析,与治疗前数值进行比较,观察骨面型的改变情况.结果 直丝弓矫治对安氏Ⅱ类骨性错(牙合)畸形患者的面型略有改变,但患者的深覆(牙合)及深覆盖的纠正更多是由下前牙唇侧倾斜来代偿完成.结论 安氏Ⅱ类骨性错(牙合)畸形患者在恒牙期早期或恒牙期直接采用直丝弓矫治技术进行矫治,对牙齿排列和咬合关系调整虽然有一定的治疗效果,但是对侧面型的改善程度有限,不能达到理想的矫治效果.     

Target nursing care on anxiety and depression in patients with gallbladder cancer during perioperative period

Background:This study retrospectively investigated the effects of target nursing care (TNC) on anxiety and depression in patients with gallbladder cancer (GBC) during the perioperative period.Methods:This retrospective study analyzed the data of 80 patients with GBC during perioperative period. These records were divided into an intervention group (n = 40) or a control group (n = 40). All 80 patient records in both groups were administered routine nursing care (RNC). The patients in the intervention group also underwent TNC. The primary outcomes were depression (measured using the Hamilton Depression Scale, HAMD) and anxiety (assessed using the Hamilton Anxiety Scale, HAMA). The secondary outcomes were quality of life (assessed using the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey, SF-36) and adverse events. We collected and analyzed the outcome data before and after treatment.Results:After treatment, patients in the intervention group showed more promising effects on depression (HAMD, P < .01) and anxiety (HAMA, P < .01) than those in the control group did. However, there were no significant differences in the quality of life before and after treatment. No TNC- or RNC-associated adverse events were reported in patient records.Conclusion:This study found that TNC was more effective than RNC in relieving depression and anxiety. Future studies should be conducted to validate the present findings.