RP-HPLC法测定紫杉醇在大鼠血浆中的含量

目的建立紫杉醇在大鼠血浆中的定量分析方法,为药物动力学研究提供分析方法。方法采用RP-HPLC法。Li Chrospher 100反相C18色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),乙腈-水(体积比50∶50)为流动相,流速为1.0 mL.min-1,紫外检测波长为227 nm,血浆样品经乙酸乙酯萃取,以内标法定量。结果线性范围为0.025~100.0 mg.L-1(r=1.0,n=5),日内RSD小于5%,日间RSD小于10%,定量限25μg.L-1。在以7.5 mg.kg-1的剂量静脉注射紫杉醇到大鼠身上后,药物很快分布到体内(t1/2α=0.16 h),并且快速的消除,消除半衰期仅有1.65 h,药物的平均保留时间tMR为0.52 h。结论所用方法简便、准确、专属性好,能够满足药物动力学研究的需要。     

Effects of ginsenosides on vascular reactivity in rat cerebral and renal arteries

Objective To investigate possible mechanisms underlying the antioxidant property(1)and the in vitro vasodilator effects(2)of the two ginsenosides,Rb1 and Rg1,in isolated rat renal and cerebral arteries.Methods Arterial rings were mounted in a multi-channel myograph for recording of isometric tension.To examine the antioxidant activity,some rings were exposed to a free radical-generating reaction(hypoxanthine and xanthine oxidase)with and without pre-treatment with ginsenosides.The calcium antagonistic effects were tested on rings contracted by membrane depolarization in elevated extracellular potassium ions,a condition that promoted Ca2+ influx in vascular smooth muscle cells.Results Ginsenosides protected endothelial function(endothelial nitric oxide-dependent relaxation)against oxidative stress;(2)ginsenoside Rb1 reduced the high K+-induced contractions of both renal and cerebral arteries while ginsenoside Rg1 relaxed the rat cerebral artery but not the renal artery.Conclusions Ginsenosides are vaso-protective via(1)the antioxidant activity which protects endothelial cell function and(2)the inhibition of Ca2+ influx through voltage-sensitive Ca2+ channels in vascular smooth muscle.The vasodilator effects may suggest the potential preventive or therapeutic values of ginsenosides against stroke and renal hypertension.     

某农村地区高血压家族聚集性和遗传度的研究

目的探讨高血压家族聚集性及遗传度。方法采用遗传流行病学方法,对718名（286名先证者和432名对照）家系进行了家族聚集性、遗传方式及遗传度分析。结果先证者一级亲属高血压患病率为2.68%,与对照组的1.87%相比差异有显著性;2项分布显示,高血压家族中实际发病数超过其2项分布的理论概率范围,即高血压分布呈明显家族聚集现象;高血压的遗传度为14.31%（男5.04%,女22.44%）。结论遗传因素在韩国人高血压的发病中起一定的作用,但环境因素的作用可能比遗传因素更为重要。     

Effect of valproate and carbamazepine on visual evoked potentials in epileptic children

The effects of carbamazepine (CBZ) and sodium valproate (SV) monotherapy on visual evoked potentials (VEP) were studied in 18 epileptic children receiving CBZ and nine epileptic children receiving SV. Pattern reversal VEP were determined before the administration of antiepileptic drugs (AED) and 1 year later during which time the patients had received AED. The VEP amplitude showed no consistent changes after 1 year of CBZ and SV therapy, but VEP P-100 latencies were significantly prolonged after 1 year of CBZ therapy. We conclude that CBZ causes a slowing down of central impulse conduction and that VEP is useful to evaluate the effects of AED within the central nervous system.     

发挥科研优势 促进学科发展

<正> 暨南大学医学院第一附属医院,又名广州华侨医院,经过20年的发展已成为一所集医、教、研为一体的大型三级甲等医院。医院的科研发展始终坚持"以学科建设为基础,人才培养是关键"的科研办院思路,从建院初期以调入人才为主到目前的以人才引进为辅、培养人才为主,20年来培养了一批中青年学术带头人,形成了一批技术力量强大的学科群。从建院初期仅有眼科学、内科学(血液病专业)2个硕士学位授与点发展到现在拥有眼科学、内科学、妇产科学3个博士学位、14个硕士学位授权点,1998年还被国家教委批准为临床医学专业学位授与点的试点单位。在各类学术期刊上发表文章3089篇,主编及参与编写171部专著,承担各级科研课题695项,获国家科技进步奖1项,省部级成果奖25项,厅局级科技进步奖69项,获专利9项。医院在培育科研优势的同时更注意发挥学科优势促进学科的发展。     

Struma ovarii showing clinical characteristics of ovarian malignancy

Struma ovarii is a rare form of ovarian neoplasm, composed entirely or predominantly of thyroid tissue and generally a benign germ cell tumor of the ovary. Ascites have been reported in approximately 15-20% of all cases. However, the combination of struma ovarii and elevated CA125 has rarely been reported. We experienced a rare case of a postmenopausal woman with benign struma ovarii associated with massive ascites, a complex pelvic mass. There was marked elevation of her CA125 level. The clinical impression was ovarian malignancy. Surgical excision of the ovarian mass induced immediate resolution of the ascites and a normalization of the serum CA125 level. No recurrence of the ascites or of the tumor has been observed during the 10-month follow-up. Struma ovarii can mimic ovarian malignancy clinically, particularly if complex and associated with ascites and an elevated CA125 level.     

IL-12对支气管哮喘小鼠Th2免疫应答的影响

目的　哮喘是Th2细胞介导的气道慢性非特异性炎症。IL 12在抗原致敏阶段可有效抑制Th2免 疫应答形成,而对已产生的Th2免疫应答是否同样具有抑制作用尚有争议。本研究探讨IL 12对哮喘时已产生的 Th2免疫应答的影响,为临床应用提供可靠的理论依据。方法　实验一:取25只6～8周雌性BALB/c小鼠,腹腔 注射鸡卵清蛋白(OVA)和氢氧化铝致敏。于致敏前、致敏后第7,14,21,28天,各取处死5只检测脾脏单个核细胞 培养上清液中的Th2类细胞因子IL 4和IL 5水平,观察Th2免疫反应形成情况。实验二:另取40只相同小鼠随机 分为哮喘组(n=20)和IL 12治疗组(n=20),均腹腔注射鸡卵清蛋白(OVA)和氢氧化铝致敏后雾化吸入OVA诱 发哮喘。IL 12治疗组在致敏后25d开始连续5d腹腔内注射0.5μg(1mL)重组IL 12,哮喘组仅注射PBS。两组 均在最后1次诱发后(致敏后30d)处死,取支气管肺泡灌洗液(BALF)和脾脏单个核细胞培养上清液检测Th2类 细胞因子IL 4、IL 5和Th1类细胞因子IFN γ水平(ELISA法)。结果　实验一:小鼠在致敏后14d脾脏单个核细 胞分泌IL 4和IL 5明显增高,说明小鼠致敏后第14天已形成Th2免疫应答。实验二:与哮喘组比较,IL 12治疗组 BALF中IL 4(192±19pg/mLvs19±5pg/mL)和IL 5浓度(328±71pg/mLvs141±15pg/mL     

对脾生理功能的东西医学比较研究

主要从东洋医学和西洋医学角度,对脾脏的生理功能进行了比较研究。1)“脾主运化”功能,类似于西洋医学中胰脏的外分泌功能所起的消化作用。“脾在液为涎”功能,可以认为与西洋医学中唾液含有的消化酶amylase和ptyalin对淀粉所起的消化作用,在功能作用上和胰脏的消化功能,在某种程度上相类似。2)“脾主统血”功能,与西洋医学中认为的脾脏(spleen)贮藏循环血液中1/3以上血小板,并参与止血机制的作用,在某种程度上相类似。3)“脾主肌肉及四肢”的观点,和饮食物在胰脏的外分泌功能作用下被充分消化吸收,把营养素供给全身是人体维持正常生理功能的作用,有一定关系。4)“脾主升清”,“脾在志为思”,“脾在窍为口,其华在唇”等观点,与西洋医学的胰脏或脾脏没有直接关系。     

联合VEGF-AON和PDGF-TFO对大鼠脑胶质瘤增殖和细胞凋亡的作用效果

目的观察PDGFB链基因的TFO和VEGF的反义寡核苷酸AON对荷瘤大鼠脑胶质瘤增殖和细胞凋亡的影响。方法所有大鼠均在立体定向导引下行右尾状核区微量灌注20μL生理盐水中含1×106C6胶质瘤细胞。在细胞接种后第8天,实验Ⅰ组原位注射含TFO1·0mg的20μL生理盐水,实验Ⅱ和Ⅲ组则分别原位注射含TFO1·0mg AON0·125mg和TFO1·0mg AON0·250mg的20μL生理盐水。以后每隔72h原位注射相同剂量的药物,共注射3次。对照组仅在相同时间原位注射20μL生理盐水。实验3周时处死所有的大鼠,观察肿瘤的生长情况,流式细胞仪观察PDGFB链基因(PDGF-B)、VEGF、PCNA及细胞凋亡的变化。结果实验Ⅰ组的成瘤抑制率为53·1%,实验Ⅱ组为81·4%,实验Ⅲ组为93·1%,三组肿瘤体积比较差异有统计学意义,P<0·01。TFO对胶质瘤细胞PDGF-B、VEGF和PCNA表达有明显的抑制作用;TFO能使胶质瘤细胞凋亡增加。联合应用TFO和AON能更好地抑制PDGF-B、VEGF和PC-NA的表达,使胶质瘤细胞增殖能力进一步降低,细胞凋亡进一步增加。结论联合应用TFO和AON能更有效地抑制肿瘤生长和细胞增殖,促进胶质瘤细胞凋亡。     

病毒序列促转基因在斑马鱼胚胎发育过程中的高效表达

目的探讨转基因在斑马鱼胚胎发育过程中高效表达的有效途径和手段。方法以增强处理的绿色荧光蛋白(GFP)作为报告基因,在表达质粒的两翼连接构建腺关联病毒(adeno-assoc iated virus,AAV)来源的病毒性反转末端重复序列(inverted term inal repeats,ITR s),以显微注射方式注入斑马鱼受精卵的单一细胞和双细胞时相。结果病毒序列中的ITR s可使转基因表达效率达到33.0%,远远高于未与病毒序列结合的质粒。结论源于病毒的ITR s可显著促进转基因在斑马鱼胚胎发育过程中的表达。