Aberrant alteration of vascular endothelial growth factor-family signaling in human tubal ectopic pregnancy: what is known and unknown?

More than 98% of ectopic pregnancies occur in the Fallopian tube. Because many facets of tubal ectopic pregnancy remain unclear, prediction, prevention and treatment of tubal ectopic pregnancy are still a major clinical challenge. Compelling evidence suggests that angiogenic growth factors are involved in normal and abnormal implantation. While acknowledging the importance of an intrauterine pregnancy requires the development of a local blood supply and angiogenesis, we hypothesize that the hypoxic- and estrogen-dependent regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor/placental growth factor expression, secretion, and signaling pathways that are possibly involved in the pathophysiology of tubal ectopic pregnancy. Our hypothesis may also lead to a new therapeutic strategy for women with tubal ectopic pregnancy.     

Clinical outcomes and natural history of pediatric brainstem tumors: with 33 cases follow-ups

The purpose of this study is to investigate the patient characteristics and clinical outcomes of children with pediatric brainstem glioma. Between 2004 and 2009, a total of 42 children were diagnosed with brainstem gliomas at the Neurosurgical Center of Beijing Tiantan Hospital, China. A retrospective study including the 33 patients of this cohort with complete follow-up was conducted in an attempt to better understand clinical outcomes following multidisciplinary treatment modalities for pediatric brainstem gliomas. Investigational variables including clinical presentations, anatomical distribution, radiological findings, and clinical outcomes were analyzed. Survival time difference was computed using a Kaplan–Meier method with a log-rank test between groups. The Cox proportional hazards regression model was utilized in the multivariate analysis to determine the independent prognostic factors. Overall median survival of the entire series of patients was 11 months with a 1-year actuarial survival rate of 43.6 %. In nine patients who received no treatment after diagnosis, all patients expired within 8 months with a median time of 3.5 months. On univariate analysis, the following variables including older age at diagnosis, higher Karnofsky Performance Status score at diagnosis, the lower pathological grade, surgical resection modality, increasing diagnostic latency, and focal growth pattern were associated with better survival. On multivariate analysis, only the last two variables were associated with survival advantage. Focal pediatric brainstem gliomas amenable to a surgical resection are likely to achieve a prolonged survival. Clinical trials on larger number of patients are of importance in further understanding this spectrum of devastating diseases.     

基于Wnt/β-catenin信号通路治疗骨关节炎研究热点及应用前景

文题释义：Wnt信号通路：Wnt是Wingless/Integrated的缩写,由配体蛋白质Wnt和膜蛋白受体结合,激发的一组多下游通道的信号转导的途径,该信号通路在不同的动物物种间极为相似,遗传学上具有高度保守性。通过该途径,细胞表面受体胞内段将活化,将细胞外的信号传递到细胞内。表现为两种信号传导方式,分别是胞间交流(旁分泌)和自体细胞交流(自分泌),经典代表有：Wnt/β-catenin信号通路、平面细胞极性通路(Wnt/PCP通路)和Wnt/Ca²⁺通路。 骨硬化蛋白：由Sost基因编码,是一种分泌型半胱氨酸结蛋白,是Wnt共受体和低蛋白脂蛋白相关受体蛋白5 /低蛋白脂蛋白相关受体蛋白6相关受体的拮抗剂,作用于通路的上游,抑制Wnt 信号通路,从而起到软骨保护作用。背景：Wnt/β-catenin信号通路在骨关节炎的发展中起着重要的作用。 目的：基于Wnt/β-catenin信号通路,对骨关节炎的研究进展做一综述。方法：查阅PubMed、中国知网和万方数据库,以“catenin;wnt;osteoarthritis;arthritis;degenerative;arthritides;deformans;pathway;wnt signaling;signaling pathway;wnt signaling pathways;wnt beta catenin signaling pathway;canonical wnt pathway;canonical wnt;骨关节炎”为检索词,分别组合检索,查找Wnt/β-catenin信号通路治疗骨关节炎的文献,最终纳入74篇文献进行分析。结果与结论：基于Wnt/β-catenin信号通路治疗骨关节炎,主要途径有天然的拮抗剂、小分子抑制剂、激动剂、中草药和药物重新定位等方面。药物作用途径通过激活或者抑制Wnt/β-catenin信号通路,对软骨起到保护作用。通过Wnt/β-catenin信号通路治疗骨关节炎,目前处于实验性研究阶段,但具有较好应用前景。如何精准调控通路,更好的转化应用,有望成为未来研究的热点。ORCID: 0000-0002-9553-7171(贝涛) 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程     

肝胆疾病患者术前贫血状况调查

目的了解肝胆疾病患者术前贫血的发生率,并对相关因素进行分析。方法回顾性分析2014年1月—2019年1月本院肝胆科27 056例手术患者,提取患者基本信息及相关检测指标,统计分析相关因素与术前贫血的关系。结果肝胆疾病患者女性术前贫血率高于男性,在各民族中回族术前贫血率(41.22%)相对较高,老年人术前贫血率(58.44%)、农民术前贫血率(37.43%)最高(P<0.05),各血型间术前贫血率差异较小;随着体重指数的增加术前贫血率降低,BMI<18.5的患者贫血率最高为59.44%;WBC、Plt、ALB、ALT、PT、APTT异常,术前贫血率(53.21%、46.11%、69.24%、43.22%、35.87%、34.76%)均升高(P<0.05);术前贫血患者住院天数>15 d的比例(轻度贫血:47.05%,中、重度贫血:58.95%)均高于血红蛋白正常患者,中、重度贫血患者住院天数>21 d的比例(39.16%)最高;肝胆疾病患者术前中、重度贫血较轻度贫血少,主要为正细胞性贫血;Logistic回归分析显示,性别、年龄、BMI、WBC、Plt、AL...     

Fertility and prognosis assessment between bleomycin/etoposide/cisplatin and paclitaxel/carboplatin chemotherapy regimens in the conservative treatment of malignant ovarian germ cell tumors: a multicenter and retrospective study

ObjectiveTo evaluate the impact of bleomycin/etoposide/cisplatin (BEP) and paclitaxel/carboplatin (PC) chemotherapy regimens on the fertility and prognostic outcomes in malignant ovarian germ cell tumor (MOGCT) patients who underwent fertility-sparing surgery (FSS).MethodsA propensity score matching algorithm was performed between the BEP and PC groups. The χ² test and the Kaplan-Meier method were used to compare the fertility outcome, disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). The Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was used to identify risk factor of DFS.ResultsWe included 213 patients, 185 (86.9%) underwent BEP chemotherapy, and 28 (13.1%) underwent PC chemotherapy. The median age was 22 years (range, 8–44 years), and the median follow-up period was 63 months (range, 2–191 months). Fifty-one (29.3%) patients had a pregnancy plan, and 35 (85.4%) delivered successfully. In the before and after propensity score matching cohorts, there were no significant differences in spontaneous abortion, selective termination of pregnancy, during-pregnancy status, and live birth between the BEP and PC groups (p>0.05). Fourteen (6.6%) patients experienced recurrence, including 11 (5.9%) in the BEP group and 3 (10.7%) in the PC group. Four (1.9%) patients in the BEP group died. Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed no significant differences in DFS (p=0.328) and OS (p=0.446) between the BEP and PC groups, and the same survival results were observed in the after matching cohort.ConclusionThe PC regimen is as safe as the BEP regimen for MOGCT patients with fertility preservation treatment, and no differences were observed in fertility and clinical prognosis.     

脑干神经节胶质细胞瘤

目的：探讨脑干神经节胶质细胞瘤的临床特点和手术治疗。方法：在我们手术治疗并经病理证实的560例脑干占位病变中，有4例神经节胶质细胞瘤，复习献中报道的24例进行临床分析。结果：脑干神经节胶质细胞瘤的主要发生在儿童及青年人，多位于延髓背部。其生长极为缓慢，病史长，顺MRI上显示为限局性肿瘤影像，显强化，可有囊变及钙化。4例中，1例肿瘤大部分切除，其余3例均完全切除。本组无死亡。结论：在不增加功能障碍的情况下，可将肿瘤完全切除；否则，行部分切除，必要时加行脑室分流手术，也能显延长患生存期。该病不需常规放疗。     

Two simple methods for enantiomeric analyses of urinary amphetamines by GC/MS using deuterium-labeled l-amphetamines as internal standards

Two simple methods for enantiomeric analyses of amphetamines in urine by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) using l-amphetamine-d ₃ and l-methamphetamine-d ₆ as internal standards are presented. One method (method A) employs extractive derivatization on a diatomaceous column with (S)-(-)-N-(trifluoroacetyl)prolyl chloride (TPC) followed by separation with a conventional capillary column. The second method (method B) uses headspace solid-phase microextraction (HD-SPME) after derivatization with heptafluoro-n-butyryl chloride (HFB), followed by separation with an enantiomeric capillary GC column. By the two methods, all enantiomers were well separated in each chromatogram, and good linearity was obtained in practical concentration ranges (0.1–1.6μg/ml for method A and 0.05–1μg/ml for method B) for every compound by selected-ion monitoring. The precision studies indicated satisfactory coefficients of variation (<5%) for every enantiomer at 0.1μg/ml by both methods. Both methods were also evaluated by applying them to an actual poisoning case. Both methods are recommended for use in forensic analysis, because of their simplicity, high precision, and sufficient sensitivity.     

lnc-Rps4l-encoded peptide RPS4XL regulates RPS6 phosphorylation and inhibits the proliferation of PASMCs caused by hypoxia

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中医药治疗慢性肺源性心脏病急性加重期用药规律挖掘分析

目的：基于中医传承辅助系统（V2.5）分析中医药治疗慢性肺源性心脏病急性加重期的中医用药经验及组方规律。方法：检索2010年1月1日—2021年6月15日期间发表的与慢性肺源性心脏病急性加重期相关的文献,提取处方,建立数据库,采用中医传承辅助系统集成的关联规则分析法、改进互信息法、复杂系统熵聚类方法等数据挖掘方法,挖掘分析用药经验和组方规律。结果：录入313首处方,使用中药共160味。有24味中药使用频次>55次,使用频次排在前5位的中药分别是黄芪、茯苓、白术、丹参、葶苈子。对这5味药分别进行药物用量点分析,可得黄芪、茯苓、白术、丹参、葶苈子常用剂量分别为30 g、15 g、15 g、30 g、20 g。使用频次≥50次的药物组合有29组,使用频次排在前5位的分别是白术-茯苓、黄芪-茯苓、丹参-茯苓、丹参-黄芪、桂枝-茯苓。演化出20个药物核心组合及10首新处方。结论：中医药治疗慢性肺源性心脏病急性加重期有“正虚、瘀血、痰浊、水饮”为四大特点,临证以“益气活血为主,化痰逐水为辅”为根本治法。