慢性乙型肝炎患者血清角蛋白18裂解片段及其应用研究进展

近年来,血清角蛋白18及其裂解片段在肝病诊断方面的应用潜力引起了国内外研究者的强烈兴趣,但其在慢性乙型肝炎方面的应用研究较少。该文总结和探讨了循环血角蛋白18裂解片段M30及M65水平变化在慢性乙型肝炎中的意义以及应用前景。     

远红外线消毒柜对碗消毒效果的检测

为了解远红外线加热的消毒柜对餐具的消毒效果,用碗进行了试验观察。结果,加热至125℃作用10min,对碗上细菌繁殖体的杀灭率达90.0％以上,只能杀灭枯草杆菌黑色变种芽胞42.56％;装30只碗时,作用10min对自然菌的杀灭率可达90.5％,装40只碗时仅能杀灭64.9％。说明用该柜消毒餐具时装量不宜太多。     

社会因素与护理人员静脉穿刺成功率的关系

通过采用自身对照法，对１４名在岗护士两种心态下（正常心态与有社会因素影响）对病人手、足部位浅表静脉穿刺一次成功率进行比较。结果经Ｘ２检验，各单项比较无差异（ｐ＞０．０５），终值比较有显著差异（ｐ＜０．０５）。说明社会因素对静脉穿刺成功率有影响。     

社区中老年人健康行为调查分析

[目的]研究社区中老年人健康行为现状及其相关因素,促进健康教育工作的开展。[方法]对437名社区中老年人进行健康行为问卷调查。[结果]健康行为评分26.26分±4.40分,最高37分,最低13分。健康行为得分与文化程度、夫妻关系、家庭收入、年龄、性别有关（P〈0.01或P〈0.05）。[结论]全社会都要为健康行为的形成与实施提供必要的条件和环境,以提高全民族的健康水平。     

Changes in biologic characteristics of breast cancer treated with high-intensity focused ultrasound

Proliferation, invasion, immortalization and metastasis are the main malignant characteristics of cancer. Previous studies have shown that high-intensity focused ultrasound (US), or HIFU, can induce irreversible damage both to breast cancer cells and to tumor blood vessels. However, light microscopy alone may not always show this clearly. In this study, molecular biologic techniques were used to examine any changes in molecular markers associated with malignant behavior after exposure to HIFU. A total of 48 women with breast cancer were randomized to a control group (mastectomy) and a HIFU group (HIFU followed by mastectomy). Immunohistochemical staining, messenger RNA (mRNA) in situ hybridization and telomere-repeat amplification protocol-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (TRAP-ELISA) techniques were used to detect tumor expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), cell adhesion molecule CD44v6, matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), erbB2 mRNA, and to measure telomerase activity in both groups. The results demonstrated that there were significant alterations in expression of PCNA, CD44v6, MMP-9, erbB2 mRNA, and a dramatic decrease in telomerase activity in the HIFU group. It is concluded that malignant tumor characteristics are arrested by HIFU, and that biologic factors are potential markers for assessing HIFU efficacy.     

Elevated lipid peroxidation biomarkers and low antioxidant status in atherosclerotic patients with increased carotid or iliofemoral intima media thickness.

OBJECTIVES: Lipid peroxidation plays an important role in the development of atherosclerosis, a chronic, age-related disease process of the arterial wall with onset decades prior to its clinical manifestations. The aim of the study was to assess the association between the intima media thickness (IMT) of the major arteries as a clinical marker of atherosclerosis and markers of lipid peroxidation along with the antioxidant status in humans. DESIGN: Case-control study. SETTING: A university-affiliated outpatient clinic. SUBJECTS: Thirty patients (22 males, 8 females; 70.4 +/- 7.3 years) with atherosclerosis of the carotid or iliofemoral arteries and 62 healthy controls (30 males, 32 females; 68.3 +/- 4.3 years). METHODS: Plasma levels of 8,12-isoprostane F2alpha-VI (8,12-IPF2alpha-VI) were measured by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, whereas levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), vitamins A (retinol) and E (alpha- and gamma-tocopherol), and carotenoids were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. The IMT was measured by B-mode ultrasonography. RESULTS: Patients showed, independent of fruit and vegetable intake, significantly lower plasma levels of retinol, alpha-tocopherol, and all carotenoids excluding beta-cryptoxanthin compared with controls. On the contrary, plasma 8,12-IPF2alpha-VI levels were almost doubled (p < .001) and MDA levels increased by one-third (p < .01) in atherosclerotic patients compared with controls. CONCLUSIONS: The analyses of isoprostanes and antioxidant nutrients in plasma as markers of oxidative stress and the parallel evaluation of IMT as a structural marker of atherosclerosis are suitable tools for investigating the role of antioxidants and oxidative stress in atherosclerosis.     

地黄杜仲汤联合羟基脲对老年慢性粒细胞白血病患者的临床疗效及对预后的影响

目的:探讨地黄杜仲汤联合羟基脲对老年慢性粒细胞白血病患者的临床疗效以及对预后产生的影响。方法:选取2012年3月至2015年7月在沈阳军区总医院接受治疗的老年慢性粒细胞白血病患者70例作为本次研究对象,采用随机数表法将他们分为治疗组和对照组各35例,对照组患者给予地黄杜仲汤治疗,治疗组患者给予地黄杜仲汤联合羟基脲治疗,比较2组患者治疗后的临床疗效、生存率以及不良反应发生情况。结果:治疗后,治疗组患者的总缓解率为94.28%高于对照组68.57%,2组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05);治疗组患者治疗后的≥6年生存率为80.00%,对照组为34.28%,治疗组高于对照组,2组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05);治疗组患者治疗后出现恶心呕吐、白细胞低、肾功能异常以及肝功能异常等不良反应的发生率明显低于对照组患者,2组患者进行比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:地黄杜仲汤联合羟基脲治疗老年慢性粒细胞白血病临床效果显著,降低不良反应,延长患者的生存期。