叶下珠化学成分及其抗乙肝病毒活性的研究

对大戟科叶下珠属植物叶下珠的干燥全草进行了化学成分及其抗乙肝病毒活性的研究，共分得１１个化合物，其中２个新化合物为去氢诃子次酸甲酯、短叶苏木酚酸甲酯。通过抗病毒、抗乙肝表面抗原及保肝试验，肯定了叶下珠的抗乙肝病毒活性。     

二氢卟吩P6-6-(N-乙基)酰胺-7,γ-二甲酯锌的合成及对吲哚美辛诱发大鼠胃溃疡的保护作用

目的：研究二氢卟吩P6－6-(N-乙基）酰胺－7，γ－二甲酯锌（I）的合成及抗胃溃疡活性。方法：蚕沙糊状叶绿素经酸，碱降解反应制得紫红素－18（Ⅲ），Ⅲ经乙胺解后重氮甲烷甲基化制得二氢卟吩P6－6－（N－乙基）酰胺－7，γ－二甲酯（II），II与醋酸锌络合制得1，以0．2％吲美辛(20mg/kg)ip大鼠制备胃溃疡模型，并测定溃疡指数和溃疡个数。结果：I的结构经UV，IR，1HNMR，FAB－MS及元素发射光谱确证，ip I 80mg/kg有极显著降低吲哚美辛诱发的大鼠溃疡指数（P＜0．01）和溃疡个数（P＜0．01），结论：I为新化合物，II的波谱数系 首次报道，I对吲哚美辛诱发的大鼠胃溃疡具有显著的保护作用。提示I是一种有开发前景的抗溃疡候选化合物，值得深入研究。     

枇杷叶对小鼠的止咳、祛痰作用

目的　研究枇杷叶的药理功能。方法　 80只小鼠分别给予灌胃与腹腔注射枇杷叶水及生理盐水 ,观察和记录浓氨水致咳小鼠的咳嗽潜伏期和 2min内的咳嗽次数 ,用分光光度计测定酚红排泌量。结果　枇杷叶能推迟小鼠对浓氨水刺激的咳嗽潜伏期及减少咳嗽次数 ,增加小鼠支气管酚红的排泌量。结论　枇杷叶能止咳、祛痰 ,且成年枇杷叶比幼年枇杷叶止咳、祛痰效果更佳     

自分泌一氧化氮在氟尿嘧啶诱导人肝癌细胞凋亡中的作用研究

目的 :观察肝细胞Bel74 0 2自分泌一氧化氮 (NO)在 5 -氟尿嘧啶 (5 FU)诱导人肝癌细胞凋亡过程中的作用 ,进一步揭示 5 FU的作用机理 ,同时寻找提高 5 FU的临床疗效的辅剂。方法 :人肝癌细胞Bel74 0 2按常规条件培养于含 10 %小牛血清的无L 精氨酸 (L Arg)的DMEM (dulbecco’smodifiedeagle’smedium)培养液中。在 5 FU作用下 ,采用免疫组化法观察诱生型一氧化氮合酶 (iNOS)的表达情况 ,并在其底物L Arg存在的前提下 ,采用酶法测定硝酸盐 /亚硝酸盐 ,反映NO的生成 ,并证明其作用。用电镜观察凋亡细胞的形态 ,流式细胞仪进行凋亡细胞的定量。用L Arg的竞争性拮抗剂L NAME(Nω nitro l argininemethylester)对研究结果进行验证。应用病理彩色图文分析系统对免疫组化结果进行光密度定量分析。采用方差分析和t检验进行统计学分析。结果 :在 5 FU的作用下 ,iNOS表达增强 ,5 FU组 (0 1687± 0 0 1968) ,对照组 (0 10 4 9± 0 0 12 66) ,P <0 0 5 ,在其底物L Arg存在的前提下 ,内源性NO的浓度为 (73 0± 10 2 ) μmol/L(P <0 0 5 ) ,有显著性提高 ;人肝癌Bel74 0 2细胞株的凋亡率显著性增高为 (17 85± 0 78) % ,细胞坏死率和残渣率显著减少分别为 (32 99± 0 83) %、(3 18± 1 0 1) %。L NAME     

HepG2细胞外泌体冲击树突状细胞介导的抗肿瘤作用

目的：分析来源于肝癌HepG2细胞外泌体的免疫原性物质,为基于树突状细胞（DCs）的肝癌免疫治疗寻找合适的肿瘤抗原提供思路。方法：用透射电镜和Western blot方法鉴定肝癌HepG2细胞外泌体的形态和蛋白表达;用终浓度为8 μg/mL的外泌体冲击DCs,流式细胞术检测DCs表面分子的变化;将外泌体冲击的DCs与T淋巴细胞共培养5 d,采用羧基荧光素二乙酸盐琥珀酰亚胺酯（CFSE）荧光染色法检测淋巴细胞增殖,Annexin-V/PI双染法检测淋巴细胞对肿瘤的杀伤效应。结果：肝癌HepG2细胞的外泌体表达CD63、CD81标志性蛋白,同时携带大量的肿瘤抗原甲胎蛋白（AFP）和热休克蛋白HSP70、HSP90,不表达细胞蛋白calnexin。与未成熟DCs组比较,外泌体冲击DCs后上调其表面分子如CD83、CD80、CD86的表达（P < 0.01）;且可促进T淋巴细胞增殖（P < 0.01）,增加T细胞介导的肿瘤特异性和非特异性杀伤效应（P < 0.01）。结论：肝癌HepG2细胞外泌体可能携带大量肿瘤抗原,刺激DCs成熟,可能是基于DCs的肝癌或其他肿瘤免疫治疗潜在的抗原谱。     

Comparison between ethanolic and aqueous extracts from Chinese juniper berries for hypoglycaemic and hypolipidemic effects in alloxan-induced diabetic rats

AIM OF THE STUDY: Hypoglycaemic and hypolipidemic properties of the ethanolic and aqueous extracts, respectively, from Chinese juniper (Juniperus chinensis L.) berries were investigated in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS: After oral administration of each extract singly or repeatedly to alloxan-induced diabetic rats, the blood glucose, glutamate-pyruvate transferase (GPT), glutamate-oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT), total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) levels were assayed. RESULTS: The blood glucose levels after a single oral administration of the ethanolic extract significantly reduced in a time-dependent manner, which is much faster and more than that of glibenclamide. The blood glucose levels of alloxan-induced diabetic rats treated with the ethanolic extract were reduced to 94, 81%, 66%, 45% and 40% at 1, 3, 5, 7 and 9h, respectively (p<0.05), while the aqueous extract had no effect at all. Repeated oral administration of the ethanolic extract also effectively reduced the GPT value to 58% of the diabetic rats, but slightly reduced the GOT value to 87% of the diabetic rats (p<0.05). On the other hand, the repeated oral administration of aqueous extract effectively reduced the GOT value to 43% of the diabetic rats, without affecting the GPT level. Effects of both extracts on the TC and TG levels were different. There was no significant difference in the TC and TG levels between diabetic control and diabetic groups when repeatedly administered orally with ethanolic extract. On the other hand, the aqueous extract brought down the TC value to 57% and the TG value to 37% of the diabetic control rats (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The results suggested that the ethanolic extract of Chinese juniper berries possesses a potential hypoglycaemic effect while the aqueous extract has a potential hypolipidemic effect.     

Matrix metalloproteinase-1 promoter polymorphism and epithelial ovarian cancer: does ethnicity matter?

AIM: To estimate the relationship between matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1 promoter -1607 bp polymorphism and the risk of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) in Korean women and to clarify the ethnic difference in genotype distribution of this polymorphism. METHODS: Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of MMP-1 promoter -1607 region in 133 EOC patients and 332 cancer-free patients were investigated. Then the associations of this polymorphism with EOC or its clinicopathological parameters were analyzed. In addition, genotype distributions of this polymorphism in Korean women were compared with those of other races by extracting data from the previously published literature. RESULTS: We found no relationship between MMP-1 promoter -1607 bp polymorphism and epithelial ovarian cancer in a Korean population. Furthermore, we found ethnicity-dependent differences in genotype distributions and allele frequencies by comparison with previous articles on this topic. We report significant ethnic differences in the genotype distributions and allele frequencies of the MMP-1 promoter -1607 bp polymorphism. CONCLUSION: Our results indicate that MMP-1-1607 bp polymorphism shows ethnic diversity, and that the hypothesis that this polymorphism is associated with epithelial ovarian cancer is not supported by this study in a Korean population. Moreover, this finding concurs with results obtained in white Americans and Europeans.