Non-invasive Assessment of Coronary Flow Velocity Reserve: A New Method Using Transthoracic Doppler Echocardiography

Coronary flow reserve (CFR) has been used toassess coronary microcirculation and epicardial coro-nary stenoses[1— 3 ] . CFR is defined as the ratio ofcoronary flow under maximal coronary vasodilatationto coronary flow under resting conditions[4 ] .Whenthe cross- sectional area of epicardial coronary arteriesis constant,coronary flow velocity (CFV) ratios areequal to volume flow ratios.The most common method used clinically formeasuring CFVR is intracoronary Doppler flow(ICD) analysis re…     

Traumatic infarction of the spinal cord in children

Infarction of the spinal cord in childhood is rarely due to trauma. During a 15-year period (1971 to 1985), eight children were admitted to The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, with a diagnosis of traumatic infarction of the spinal cord. All of these patients had delayed onset of neurological signs varying between 2 hours and 4 days after their initial trauma. No bone abnormalities were seen on plain spine x-ray films. Myelography was carried out in seven of these children and found to be normal in all seven. Six patients who were paraplegic at the time of admission remained permanently paraplegic, but two with incomplete cord signs did show some improvement.     

An ultrastructural study of Elschnig's pearls in the pseudophakic eye

In two pseudophakic human eyes, obtained post mortem, Elschnig's pearls were visible biomicroscopically. One eye contained a medallion lens and the other an iridocapsular lens (implanted for 53 months and 39 months, respectively). The medallion lens was fixed to the iris but was not attached to the Soemmerring's ring. Elschnig's pearls and star-shaped cells were found on the posterior capsule in the pupillary space. One loop of the iridocapsular lens was encased in the Soemmerring's ring whereas the other was located between the iris and the lens remnants. The Elschnig's pearls were on the anterior side of the ring; only a few were in the pupillary space. Two other pseudophakic eyes with clear posterior capsules also contained small numbers of Elschnig's pearls on or just near the peripheral lens remnants.