全文获取类型
收费全文 | 20309篇 |
免费 | 3328篇 |
国内免费 | 150篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 467篇 |
儿科学 | 600篇 |
妇产科学 | 516篇 |
基础医学 | 1433篇 |
口腔科学 | 255篇 |
临床医学 | 5841篇 |
内科学 | 3233篇 |
皮肤病学 | 402篇 |
神经病学 | 1748篇 |
特种医学 | 554篇 |
外科学 | 2305篇 |
综合类 | 507篇 |
现状与发展 | 2篇 |
一般理论 | 16篇 |
预防医学 | 3210篇 |
眼科学 | 281篇 |
药学 | 724篇 |
1篇 | |
中国医学 | 108篇 |
肿瘤学 | 1584篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 91篇 |
2023年 | 491篇 |
2022年 | 212篇 |
2021年 | 484篇 |
2020年 | 631篇 |
2019年 | 441篇 |
2018年 | 910篇 |
2017年 | 857篇 |
2016年 | 884篇 |
2015年 | 1017篇 |
2014年 | 1161篇 |
2013年 | 1657篇 |
2012年 | 1218篇 |
2011年 | 1121篇 |
2010年 | 960篇 |
2009年 | 1041篇 |
2008年 | 1020篇 |
2007年 | 959篇 |
2006年 | 957篇 |
2005年 | 910篇 |
2004年 | 823篇 |
2003年 | 679篇 |
2002年 | 626篇 |
2001年 | 274篇 |
2000年 | 171篇 |
1999年 | 284篇 |
1998年 | 467篇 |
1997年 | 459篇 |
1996年 | 526篇 |
1995年 | 425篇 |
1994年 | 376篇 |
1993年 | 250篇 |
1992年 | 176篇 |
1991年 | 166篇 |
1990年 | 136篇 |
1989年 | 138篇 |
1988年 | 109篇 |
1987年 | 86篇 |
1986年 | 72篇 |
1985年 | 71篇 |
1984年 | 64篇 |
1983年 | 62篇 |
1982年 | 56篇 |
1981年 | 68篇 |
1980年 | 33篇 |
1979年 | 21篇 |
1978年 | 24篇 |
1977年 | 22篇 |
1976年 | 25篇 |
1975年 | 12篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
41.
Jill Ashley 《British Journal of Psychotherapy》2003,19(3):325-334
ABSTRACT It is my view that healing takes place in a situation of intimacy around a vulnerable and damaged area and that, in order to have access to that area, the therapist must conduct himself as an ordinary and decent human being. He must have the capacity to 'be there'. This paper discusses what it means to 'be there' and examines why it is of such central importance in bringing about change. Included in this is the struggle to 'be there', that is, the intimate struggle between the therapist and patient, as well as the separate and private struggle that both therapist and patient have intrapersonally. A clinical example is given in illustration. 相似文献
42.
Oral self-administration and operant tasks have been used successfully to confirm ethanol′s positive reinforcing effects
in rats. However, in flavor conditioning tasks, ethanol is typically found to have aversive effects. The present studies explored
this apparent paradox by examining the change in value of a flavor paired with orally self-administered ethanol in two different
limited-access procedures. Rats were food-deprived and trained to drink (experiment 1) or to barpress for (experiment 2) 10%
(v/v) ethanol during daily 30-min sessions using prandial initiation techniques. All rats were then exposed to a differential
flavor conditioning procedure in which banana or almond extract was added to the drinking solution. One flavor (counterbalanced)
was always mixed with ethanol (CS+), whereas the other flavor was mixed with water (CS–). By the end of conditioning, rats
in both experiments drank more flavored ethanol than flavored water, confirming ethanol’s efficacy as a reinforcer. Moreover,
barpress rates for CS+ exceeded those for CS– in the operant task. Ethanol doses self-administered in final sessions averaged
about 1 g/kg. The effect of the flavor-ethanol contingency was assessed in preference tests that offered a choice between
the two flavor solutions without ethanol. In both experiments, subjects developed a preference for the flavor that had been
paired with ethanol. Thus, the outcome of flavor conditioning was consistent with that of the oral self-administration tasks
in providing evidence of ethanol’s rewarding effects. These experiments confirm and extend previous studies showing that flavor
aversion is not the inevitable result of flavor-ethanol association in rats. It seems likely that ethanol’s nutrient and pharmacological
effects both contributed to the development of conditioned flavor preference.
Received: 15 February 1997 / Final version: 11 June 1997 相似文献
43.
What should nurse teachers be doing? A preliminary study 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Heather A. Cahill BSc RGN RMN RCNT RNT Cert Ed 《Journal of advanced nursing》1997,26(1):146-153
There is little doubt that the role of the nurse teacher is complex and multifaceted in nature. The apparently conflicting demands of NHS trusts and education in the United Kingdom, at the time of integration of nurse education into the higher education sector, further complicates the role. This recognition underlines the need to capture and measure key aspects of nurse teacher function in order to maximize educational gain. Using a comprehensive literature review, focus group discussions and a small number of individual semi-structured interviews, this preliminary study explored the issue of teacher workload, from the perspective of the principal stakeholders in nurse and higher education. Competing research and clinical practice objectives for nurse teachers are identified against a background of changing health care provision, reduced availability of placements and an increased need for evidence-based practice. 相似文献
44.
The current study evaluated psychosocial variables that may contribute to the experience of headache in college adults. One hundred ninety-nine participants, 103 women and 96 men, completed head pain logs for 4 weeks after completing measures assessing psychosocial variables. Multiple regression analyses indicated that level of emotional functioning, perception of stress, and gender were predictive of future headache frequency, intensity, and duration. Family history and health habits did not predict headache activity. These findings are consistent with research investigating psychosocial variables and headache activity. 相似文献
45.
Karen A Luker PhD BNurs RGN RHV NDNCert Kinta Beaver BA RGN DPSN Samuel J Leinster BSc MD FRCS R Glynn Owens BTech DipPsych DPhil AFBPsS Lesley F Degner PhD RN Jeffrey A Sloan PhD BSc 《Journal of advanced nursing》1995,22(1):134-141
Nurses can play a key role in patient education, including providing patients with useful and approrate information Rather than focusing on the process of education or information giving by nurses, this study places emphasis on the content of that information by taking the patients'perspective and asking the patients themselves what particular types of information are perceived as important at a specific point in time The aim of the study was to explore what particular types of information were important to women newly diagnosed with breast cancer, to enable nurses and other health care professionals to utilize their time as effectively as possible and provide a high-quality service to individuals in their care Women with breast cancer (a mean of 2 5 weeks from diagnosis) were interviewed and asked to compare items of information The items of information were presented m pairs and the women stated a preference for one item in that pan- Thirty-six pairs were presented in total The analysis involved the use of a Thurstone scaling model, which allowed rank ordermgs, or profiles of information needs, to be developed, reflecting the perceived importance of each item Information about the likelihood of cure, the spread of the disease and treatment options were perceived as the most important items of information at the tune of diagnosis Other information needs, in order of descending priority, included information about the risk to family, side-effects 相似文献
46.
A comparison of the stressors experienced by parents of intubated and non-intubated children 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Caroline Haines BN RGN RSCN Christine Perger BHSc Sue Nagy RN BA FRCNA FCN 《Journal of advanced nursing》1995,21(2):350-355
When children are ill enough to require admission to paediatric intensive care, parents may become distressed about their child's medical condition and this distress may be compounded by the unfamiliar nature of the highly technological environment Parents of children who are sick enough to warrant intubation are particularly likely to be exposed to a frightening array of technological equipment Seventy-one parents of intubated and non-intubated children completed the Parental Stressor Scale Paediatnc Intensive Care Unit (PSS PICU) Overall the findings suggest that parents were most distressed (a) by the painful procedures to which their children were subjected, (b) by the sights and sounds of the intensive care unit and (c) by their children's reactions to intensive care The behaviour of staff towards parents and the way that staff communicated with them caused the least distress When the levels of stress reported by parents of intubated children were compared with those reported by parents of non-intubated children, different patterns of stress were found Painful procedures were a source of greater stress to parents of intubated children whereas the behaviour of staff and the children's reactions to the intensive care experience caused greater stress to the parents of the non-intubated children In general the findings suggest that the needs of parents of non-intubated children are being overlooked, with staff focusing more of their attention on the parents of intubated children 相似文献
47.
M J Ahern MD FRACP M Wetherall BEd A Leslie MB BS R H James BSc P J Roberts-Thomson PhD FRACP G C Rennie BA BSc MA 《International journal of clinical practice》1992,46(4):229-233
The elderly (age >65 years) are more vulnerable to side-effects induced by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). We therefore performed a double-blind comparative study of ketoprofen SR and sulindac in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis, 65 years of age or older. Sulindac was chosen because of its possible renal sparing effects, and ketoprofen SR because of its short half life and sustained release delivery system. Eighty patients were entered. More patients withdrew from the study due to side-effects in the sulindac group; both treatment groups had a high incidence of side-effects during this study and during previous exposure to other NSAIDs, demonstrating that the elderly are susceptible to side-effects from NSAIDs. 相似文献
48.
Gregory S. Liptak M.D. M.P.H. David B. Shurtleff M.D. Jill W. Bloss R.P.T. Elizabeth Baltus-Hebert M.S. O.T.R. Phyllis Manitta O.T.R. 《Developmental medicine and child neurology》1992,34(9):787-796
The optimal method for providing mobility for children with myelomeningocele remains controversial. 39 children using a parapodium were compared with 29 children in wheelchairs. There were no significant differences between the two groups for medical complications, use of health-care services or activities of daily living, although there were differences in the patterns of complications. Children using the parapodium were more likely to develop lesions of the lower extremities, to have dislocated hips, to be more obese and to watch more television; children using wheelchairs were more likely to develop lesions of the gluteal region, to have knee-flexion contractures and to have fewer fecal accidents. The parapodium was judged by families to be less effective as a mobility aid; however, the upright posture it allows was considered extremely advantageous. A combined approach allowing upright posture and wheeled mobility would appear to be optimal. 相似文献
49.
Marchiafava-Bignami disease is a rare demyelinating disease involving the corpus callosum and other central white matter tracts. In the patient described here, the disease produced extensive demyelination of the corpus callosum and deep cerebral white matter. This widespread demyelination, confirmed pathologically, was associated with a fulminant fatal course. The magnetic resonance imaging appearance is quite suggestive of Marchiafava-Bignami disease and plays an important role in the premortem diagnosis. 相似文献
50.