Analysis of Risk and Burden of Dysentery Associated with Floods from 2004 to 2010 in Nanning,China

This study aimed to examine the association between floods and the morbidity of dysentery and to quantify the burden of dysentery due to floods in Nanning, China. A generalized additive mixed model was conducted to assess the relationship between monthly morbidity of dysentery and floods from 2004 to 2010. The years lived with disability (YLDs) of dysentery attributable to floods were then estimated based on the WHO framework of the burden of disease study for calculating the potential impact fraction. The relative risk (RR) of floods on the morbidity of dysentery was 1.44 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.18–1.75). The models suggest that a potential 1-day rise in flood duration may lead to 8% (RR = 1.08, 95% CI = 1.04–1.12) increase in the morbidity of dysentery. The average attributable YLD per 1,000 of dysentery caused by floods were 0.013 in males, 0.005 in females, and 0.009 in persons. Our study confirms that floods have significantly increased the risk and the burden of dysentery in the study area. Public health action should be taken to prevent and control the potential risk of dysentery after floods. Vulnerable groups such as males and children should be paid more attention.     

刍议研究生科学道德和学风教育质量管理体系之构建

研究生科学道德和学风建设是学位与研究生教育的重要组成部分。针对近年来科学研究和学术活动中各种违背科学道德和学术规范的行为时有发生,国家教育部对研究生科学道德和学风建设日益重视,因此构建研究生的科学道德和学风教育质量管理体系具有十分重要的意义。实现研究生科学道德和学风教育质量体系的方针和目标需具备三个要素,即教育实践的模式(集主题教育、方法学习、学术实践三位一体)、有效性评价机制和绩效考核机制。此外,尚需建立体系优化机制,以适应各种内外部因素的变化,保持体系的更新和优化。     

现代教育技术在执业药师远程继续教育中的应用研究

利用计算机技术，搭建执业药师网上远程继续教育的平台，将主管部门审核的有关执业药师继续教育的教学内容放到网上，供参加执业药师继续教育的人员浏览学习。通过加强管理，严格考核，变传统教学模式为现代教育方式，实现教育的个性化，有效提高执业药师的继续教育质量。     

还原型谷胱甘肽联合甘草酸二铵对腹部开放伤后海水浸泡犬肝功能损伤的治疗作用

Objective To investigate effect of reduced glutathione and diammonium glycyrrhizinate on the treatment of hepatic damage in experimental dogs following open abdominal injuries coupled with seawater immersion. Methods Twenty-four dogs with open abdominal injuries were randomly divided into 3 groups: the control group (given with simple observation after 1.5 h seawater immersion); the routine treatment group (given routine care and fluid transfusion after 1.5 h seawater immersion) ; the hepatic treatment group (given routine are, fluid transfusion and hepatic treatment as well, after 1.5 h seawater immersion). Each group consisted of 8 dogs. Blood samples were taken at different time points to measure total bilirubin (TB), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), prothromin time (PT), endotoxin, tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and pathological examination was also made at the same time. Results For the control group, contents of TB, ALT, AST and LDH increased significantly and survival time was less than 24 hours. Contents of TB, ALT, AST and LDH of the routine treatment group also increased significantly, but survival time of all the experimental animals was mere than 24 hours. Reduced glutathione and diammonium glycyrrhizinate could reduce the extent of lesion quite significantly 12～24 hours following open abdominal injuries. Conclusions Reduced glutathione and diammonium glycyrrhizinate seemed to have good effects on the treatment and prevention against hepatic damage induced by trauma coupled with seawater immersion. It could be used as a primary means for the treatment of such kind of hepatic damage.     

外科学教学中的审美教育

医学审美教育是医学生全面素质教育不可分割的组成部分,笔者结合长期外科教学实践,阐述了在外科学教学中运用医学美学原理对外科学的美进行开发和挖掘,使医学生在熟练掌握外科学基本理论和基本技能的同时,潜移默化地接受美的教育,美的熏陶,更能激发他们对外科学的热爱和兴趣,达到全面提高医学生整体素质的目的。     

脑卒中后抑郁症相关心理社会因素的对照研究

目的 探讨脑卒中后抑郁症相关的心理社会因素,以指导心理干预,提高生活质量。方法 30例卒中后抑郁患者为研究组,42例卒中后无抑郁患者为对照组。以医学应对问卷、社会支持评定量表(SSRS)和Barthel指数(BI)为评定工具,对两组患者分别进行评定。结果研究组面对量表分显著低于对照组(P<0.05),而屈服量表分显著高于对照组(P<0.01)。研究组SSRS评分显著低于对照组(P<0.01)。两组BI评分差异无显著性(P>0.05)。结论 有针对性的心理教育性干预并加强社会支持可能对防治卒中后抑郁起重要作用。     

The molecular and clinical impact of hepatocyte growth factor, its receptor, activators, and inhibitors in wound healing

Wound healing involves a number of cellular and molecular events, many of which are controlled by soluble growth factors. In the process of healing, hepatocyte growth factor, a cytokine known to act as mitogen, motogen, and morphogen, has been postulated to play multiple roles during several stages of this complex biological process. Produced primarily by stromal fibroblasts, hepatocyte growth factor regulates angiogenesis, vascular permeability, cell migration, matrix deposition and degradation, and other biological processes. The current article discusses recent progress in understanding the multiple roles played by this growth factor in tissue repair.     

白细胞介素-8在哺乳动物生殖过程中的作用

白细胞介素-8(IL-8)作为中性粒细胞趋化因子和促血管生成因子,受到人们的重视。研究表明,IL-8促进卵细胞的发育、成熟,诱发排卵;在输卵管和子宫内膜的表达随月经周期而变化;参与胚泡着床和胚胎发育。本文综述IL-8在哺乳动物生殖过程中的重要作用。     

剖宫产术后硬膜外血肿并发脊髓损伤病人的护理

我科于2004年1月救治1例因羊水栓塞引起硬膜外血肿导致脊髓损伤的病人,针对病人存在或潜在的功能障碍和并发症采取了有效的干预。随着现代医学的发展,更多的脊髓损伤(spinal cordinjury,SCI)病人可存活下来,但绝大部分人留有重度残疾,生活质量受到严重影响[1]。因此,对SCI病人康复期存在或潜在的功能障碍和并发症采取干预性护理措施,可预防和减少脊髓功能的进一步损害,尽可能在较短时间内使病人达到生活自理,对其重返社会具有重要意义[2]。1病例介绍病人,32岁,孕40周,2004年1月10日因妊娠高血压综合征收住入院。11日03:40因胎儿宫内窘迫…     

脾脏钝伤的CT诊断

本文回顾性分析了３２例脾脏钝伤ＣＴ平扫的表现；对脾损伤进行ＣＴ分类；指出腹腔积血和脾周血块（“哨兵血块征”）在诊断脾损伤方面的作用。ＣＴ平扫诊断钝性脾脏损伤是一种敏感、可靠的方法，可帮助外科医生制订治疗方案。ＣＴ平扫诊断钝性脾损伤的灵敏度为９４％，诊断正确率为９１％