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991.
992.
Cho MJ Chang SM Hahm BJ Chung IW Bae A Lee YM Ahn JH Won S Son J Hong JP Bae JN Lee DW Cho SJ Park JI Lee JY Kim JY Jeon HJ Lee HW 《Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology》2012,47(5):671-681
Background
The present study represents the first attempt at examining variation across Korean cohorts with respect to lifetime risk of DSM-IV psychiatric disorders.Aims
To present data on lifetime prevalence and projected lifetime risk, as well as age of onset (AOO) and demographic correlates of DSM-IV psychiatric disorders as assessed in the nationwide survey of a representative sample of Korean adults.Method
The survey was based on a multistage area probability sample of non-institutionalized Koreans aged 18–64?years. The Korean version of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview 2.1 (K-CIDI 2.1) was administered by lay interviewers.Results
Lifetime prevalence of any disorder was 24.6%. Alcohol abuse (9.2%), alcohol dependence (7.0%), major depressive disorder (5.6%), specific phobia (3.8%), and GAD (1.6%) were the most common disorders. The median AOO was earliest for anxiety disorders (age 29), latest for mood disorders (age 47), and intermediate for alcohol use disorders (age 31). Compared to observed lifetime prevalence (24.6%), 35.0% of Koreans will eventually experience one of these disorders. Further, half of the population who present with a psychiatric disorder do so by the age of 32 and younger cohorts are at greater risk for most disorders.Conclusions
About one-third of the Korean adult population will meet the criteria for a DSM-IV psychiatric disorder at some time during their life. The median age of onset varies from disorder to disorder and younger cohorts appear to be at greater risk for most disorders. 相似文献993.
Byung-Soo Kim Hong Jin Jeon Jin Pyo Hong Jae Nam Bae Jun-Young Lee Sung Man Chang Young-Moon Lee Jungwoo Son Maeng Je Cho 《Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology》2012,47(12):2019-2033
Purpose
The diagnosis of insomnia is based on the presence of four different symptoms: difficulty in initiating sleep (DIS), difficulty in maintaining sleep (DMS), early morning awakening (EMA), and non-restorative sleep (NRS). This study investigated the differences in sociodemographic correlates and psychiatric comorbidity between the four symptoms of insomnia in the general population of South Korea.Methods
A sample of the population aged 18–64 (N?=?6,510) was questioned using a face-to-face interview. Insomnia was defined as having at least one of the four following symptoms three or more times per week: DIS, DMS, EMA, and NRS. Psychiatric disorders were evaluated using the Korean version of Composite International Diagnostic Interview. Logistic regression analysis was used to test each of the sleep outcomes (DIS, DMS, EMA, or NRS) for an association with sociodemographic and clinical variables.Results
The prevalence of DIS, DMS, EMA, and NRS were 7.9?% (95?% CI 6.6–9.5?%), 7.9?% (95?% CI 6.5–9.6?%), 4.9?% (95?% CI 3.9–6.0?%), and 14.8?% (95?% CI 12.6–17.4?%), respectively. The overall prevalence of insomnia was 19.0?% (95?% CI 16.1–22.2?%). Being separated, divorced, or widowed, being single, having a part-time job, having a psychiatric illness, and having a physical illness were all significantly related to insomnia. Older age also increased the risk of DMS and EMA, and younger age was a risk factor for NRS. The presence of most psychiatric disorders was significantly related to insomnia. However, the relationship between the psychiatric illness and each insomnia symptom varied and was dependent on the insomnia symptom.Conclusions
Most psychiatric disorders were significantly associated with each insomnia symptom in different ways. Differences in sociodemographic and clinical correlates between the four insomnia symptoms implied the heterogeneous characteristics of insomnia as defined by the current diagnostic criteria. 相似文献994.
995.
Ji Hye Kim Myung Kwan Lim Tae Yeon Jeon Jung Ho Rha Hong Eo So-Young Yoo Chang Hae Shu 《Korean journal of radiology》2011,12(1):15-24
Objective
We analyzed the diffusion and perfusion characteristics of acute MELAS (mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episode) lesions in a large series to investigate the controversial changes of the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) that were reported in prior studies.Materials and Methods
We analyzed 44 newly appearing lesions during 28 stroke-like episodes in 13 patients with MELAS. We performed a visual assessment of the MR images including the ADC and perfusion maps, comparison of the ADC between the normal and abnormal areas, comparison of % ADC between the 44 MELAS lesions and the 30 acute ischemic infarcts. In addition, the patterns of evolution on follow-up MR images were analyzed.Results
Decreased, increased, and normal ADCs were noted in 16 (36%), 16 (36%), and 12 (27%) lesions, respectively. The mean % ADC was 102 ± 40.9% in the MELAS and 64 ± 17.8% in the acute vascular infarcts (p < 0.001), while perfusion imaging demonstrated hyper-perfusion in six acute MELAS lesions. On follow-up images, resolution, progression, and tissue loss were noted in 10, 4, and 17 lesions, respectively.Conclusion
The cytotoxic edema gradually evolves following an acute stroke-like episode in patients with MELAS, and this may overlap with hyper-perfusion and vasogenic edema. The edematous swelling may be reversible or it may evolve to encephalomalacia, suggesting irreversible damage. 相似文献996.
997.
998.
999.
Background
The most serious complication of deep brain stimulation (DBS) surgery is intracranial hemorrhage. The authors have assessed risk factors for hemorrhage in DBS surgery and compared two types of microelectrode insertion technique on hemorrhagic risk. 相似文献1000.
People, along with their families, feel the impact of chronic illness in many areas of their lives. It has been known that those with chronic illness leave the workforce earlier than their peers, have lower incomes and often need additional support to manage their health and lives. However, limited information is available about whether chronic illness is already present prior to retirement, or has developed subsequently. Similarly, we know little about what personal and household assistance is needed by people with chronic illness. In this study, a random sample of 10 000 members of National Seniors Australia, stratified by age and state of residence, were surveyed by post between August and September 2009 and asked about their chronic illnesses along with their age at diagnosis. In addition, participants were asked about their need for assistance with everyday household tasks and personal care. Responses were received from 4574 respondents, a response rate of 45.7%. Of those responding, 82.2% reported having at least one chronic illness at the time of the survey. The study confirms that ill health leads to earlier retirement from the workforce, and those who are sickest require more assistance with their household tasks and personal care. Each additional chronic illness present at age 50 reduced working life by a year, and each present at age 60 by 0.7 years. Diabetes, arthritis and depression were significantly related to earlier retirement. The impact was greatest for both continued workforce participation and need for assistance for those suffering from depression or anxiety. The relationships between health, workforce participation and need for assistance in daily activities are complex. Further research is required to uncover this complexity; nevertheless, the findings highlight the need to review the adequacy of current social and health policy for this particular population. 相似文献