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71.
72.
Bundesgesundheitsblatt - Gesundheitsforschung - Gesundheitsschutz - Aufgabe des Immunsystems ist es, den Körper gegen eindringende Krankheitserreger zu schützen. Voraussetzung dafür... 相似文献
73.
Aim: This paper explored the relationship between maternal controlling feeding behaviours and child eating and weight in preschool‐aged children. Methods: Ninety mothers of 2‐ to 5‐year‐old children (M = 3.48, SD = 0.84, 54.4% males) completed self‐report measures assessing maternal controlling feeding behaviours, child eating patterns and weight. Results: Univariate analyses indicated that child food neophobia was associated with authoritarian feeding (r= 0.29), pressure to eat (r= 0.28) and restriction (r= 0.34). Child food pickiness was associated with authoritarian feeding (r= 0.35). No association was found between maternal feeding strategies and child weight. Multivariate regression analyses indicated that authoritarian feeding, restriction and pressure to eat were significantly associated with the variance in child food neophobia (adjusted R2= 12.6%) and pickiness (adjusted R2= 12.0%). Conclusions: The findings suggest that maternal control in feeding is associated with undesirable eating patterns in preschool‐aged children. Interventions targeting reduction in maternal controlling feeding may promote desirable eating patterns in preschool‐aged children. 相似文献
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75.
The aim of this note is to complete the discussion on the possibility of creation of quantum‐like (QL) representation for the question order effect which was presented by Wang and Busemeyer (2013). We analyze the role of a fundamental feature of mental operators (given, e.g., by questions), namely, their complementarity. 相似文献
76.
Fernanda Monego Rafael Silva Duarte Sueli Massumi Nakatani Wildo Navegantes Araújo Irina Nastassja Riediger Sonia Brockelt Verena Souza Jamyra Iglesias Cataldo Rubens Clayton da Silva Dias Alexander Welker Biondo 《The Brazilian journal of infectious diseases》2011,15(5):436-441
ObjectiveOne hundred thirty-one cases of postsurgical infections were reported in Southern Region of Brazil between August 2007 and January 2008. Thirty-nine (29.8%) cases were studied; this report describes epidemiological findings, species identification, antimicrobial susceptibility and clonal diversity of rapidly growing mycobacteria isolated in this outbreak.MethodsAll 39 isolates were analyzed by Ziehl-Nielsen stained smear, bacterial culture and submitted to rpoB partial gene sequencing for identification. The isolates were also evaluated for their susceptibility to amikacin, cefoxitin, clarithromycin, ciprofloxacin, doxycycline, tobramycin and sulfamethoxazole.ResultsThirty-six isolates out of the confirmed cases were identified as Mycobacterium massiliense and the remaining three were identified as Mycobacterium abscessus, Mycobacterium chelonae and Mycobacterium fortuitum. All M. massiliense isolates were susceptible to amikacin (MIC90 = 8 μg/mL) and clarithromycin (MIC90 = 0.25 μg/mL) but resistant to cefoxitin, ciprofloxacin, doxycycline, tobramycin and sulfamethoxazole. Molecular analysis by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis clustered all 36 M. massiliense isolates and showed the same pattern (BRA 100) observed in three other outbreaks previously reported in Brazil.ConclusionsThese findings suggest a common source of infection for all patients and reinforce the hypotheses of spread of M. massiliense BRA100 in Brazilian hospital surgical environment in recent years. 相似文献
77.
Alexander M. Kulminski Nalini Raghavachari Konstantin G. Arbeev Irina Culminskaya Liubov Arbeeva Deqing Wu Svetlana V. Ukraintseva Kaare Christensen Anatoliy I. Yashin 《Biogerontology》2016,17(5-6):893-905
The apolipoprotein E (apoE) is a classic example of a gene exhibiting pleiotropism. We examine potential pleiotropic associations of the apoE2 allele in three biodemographic cohorts of long-living individuals, offspring, and spouses from the Long Life Family Study, and intermediate mechanisms, which can link this allele with age-related phenotypes. We focused on age-related macular degeneration, bronchitis, asthma, pneumonia, stroke, creatinine, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, diseases of heart (HD), cancer, and survival. Our analysis detected favorable associations of the ε2 allele with lower LDL-C levels, lower risks of HD, and better survival. The ε2 allele was associated with LDL-C in each gender and biodemographic cohort, including long-living individuals, offspring, and spouses, resulting in highly significant association in the entire sample (β = ?7.1, p = 6.6 × 10?44). This allele was significantly associated with HD in long-living individuals and offspring (relative risk [RR] = 0.60, p = 3.1 × 10?6) but this association was not mediated by LDL-C. The protective effect on survival was specific for long-living women but it was not explained by LDL-C and HD in the adjusted model (RR = 0.70, p = 2.1 × 10?2). These results show that ε2 allele may favorably influence LDL-C, HD, and survival through three mechanisms. Two of them (HD- and survival-related) are pronounced in the long-living parents and their offspring; the survival-related mechanism is also sensitive to gender. The LDL-C-related mechanism appears to be independent of these factors. Insights into mechanisms linking ε2 allele with age-related phenotypes given biodemographic structure of the population studied may benefit translation of genetic discoveries to health care and personalized medicine. 相似文献
78.
Werz O Tretiakova I Michel A Ulke-Lemee A Hörnig M Franke L Schneider G Samuelsson B Rådmark O Steinhilber D 《Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America》2005,102(37):13164-13169
5-Lipoxygenase (5-LO) is a tightly regulated enzyme in the synthesis of bioactive lipids from arachidonic acid. Here, we demonstrate that 5-LO is regulated by caspases, which are signaling molecules that control critical biological processes by means of specific limited proteolysis. Cell splitting of the Epstein-Barr virus-transformed B lymphocytic cell line BL41-E95-A caused a pronounced, but transient, reduction of functional 5-LO protein, accompanied by the appearance of a 62-kDa 5-LO cleavage product. In parallel, splitting of BL41-E95-A cells induced activation of caspase-6 (casp-6) and casp-8. Caspase activation and 5-LO degradation were blocked by the protein-synthesis inhibitor cycloheximide, and cell-permeable peptide inhibitors of casp-6 and casp-8 prevented 5-LO cleavage. Activation of casp-6 and casp-8 was connected to subsequent enhancement of cell proliferation, whereas selective caspase inhibition blocked cell growth. Last, isolated human 5-LO was cleaved by recombinant casp-6 in vitro to a 58-kDa fragment. Based on site-directed mutagenesis studies, 5-LO is cleaved by casp-6 after Asp-170, which in a homology-based 3D model of 5-LO is located on the enzyme periphery. We suggest that splitting of BL41-E95-A cells induces de novo synthesis of a protein involved in the activation of casp-6, which cleaves 5-LO. 相似文献
79.
Anisimov VN Arbeev KG Popovich IG Zabezhinksi MA Rosenfeld SV Piskunova TS Arbeeva LS Semenchenko AV Yashin AI 《Experimental gerontology》2004,39(3):305-319
There have been some observations that low body weight and a low level of some hormones (e.g. IGF-1) during the first half of life are predictors of longer life in mice. However, contradictions in the available data on the biomarkers of aging and predictors of longevity have shown that the research in these fields has become a controversial pursuit. In our study we addressed the following questions: (i) Can particular physiological parameters (body weight, food intake, estrus function, body temperature, incidence of chromosome aberrations in bone marrow cells) measured at the age of 3 and 12 months be a predictor of longevity and the rate of tumor development in five strains of mice? (ii) Can a heavy body weight at the age of 3 and 12 months be a predictor of longevity and high tumor risk in five strains of mice? Mice of five strains-CBA, SHR, SAMR, SAMP and transgenic HER-2/neu (FVB/N)-were under observation from the age of 2-3 months until natural death. Body weight and temperature, food consumption, and estrous cycle were longitudinally studied in all animals. Tumors discovered at autopsy were studied morphologically. We calculated the life span's parameters (mean, maximum, mortality rate, mortality rate doubling time) as well as their correlation with other parameters studied. The longest living CBA mice have the lowest body weight at the ages of 3 and 12 months, the lowest food consumption, body temperature, incidence of chromosome aberrations and spontaneous tumor incidence. In comparison with all other mouse strains they also have the latest disturbances in estrus function and highest body weight gain. The shortest living transgenic HER-2/neu mice have the lowest weight at the ages of 12 months, the lowest body weight gain, maximal body temperature, the most rapid disturbances in estrus function and the highest incidence of chromosome aberrations and tumor incidence in comparison to all other mouse strains. Our findings have shown that heavier body weight at the age of 12 months is a predictor of longevity in female CBA and SAMP mice but not in SHR, SAMR and HER-2/neu mice. Excessive body weight at the ages of 3 or 12 months is not a predictor of increased tumor risk in the strains studied. In general, the existence and direction of a significant correlation between body weight and life span depends upon the animals' age and genotype. 相似文献
80.
Sheila Oliveira Angelo Ravelli Angela Pistorio Esteban Castell Clara Malattia Anne Marie Prieur Claudia Saad‐Magalhães Kevin J. Murray Sang‐Cheol Bae Rik Joos Ivan Foeldvari Carolina Duarte‐Salazar Nico Wulffraat Pekka Lahdenne Pavla Dolezalova Jaime de Inocencio Florence Kanakoudi‐Tsakalidou Michael Hofer Irina Nikishina Huri Ozdogan Philip J. Hashkes Jeanne M. Landgraf Alberto Martini Nicolino Ruperto 《Arthritis care & research》2007,57(1):35-43