透明质酸钠关节腔内注射治疗膝骨性关节炎的长期随访观察

我院自1998年4月至今，选择门诊膝骨性关节炎(OA)患者100例137个膝关节，均符合1995年美国风湿病协会(ACR)制订的膝关节OA的临床症状和体征的诊断标准，行关节腔内注射透明质酸钠(sodium hyaluronate，SH)治疗，经长期随访，疗效满意，报告如下。     

Clinical significance of PCR in Helicobacter pylori DNA detection in human gastric disorders

ＣｌｉｎｉｃａｌｓｉｇｎｉｆｉｃａｎｃｅｏｆＰＣＲｉｎＨｅｌｉｃｏｂａｃｔｅｒｐｙｌｏｒｉＤＮＡｄｅｔｅｃｔｉｏｎｉｎｈｕｍａｎｇａｓｔｒｉｃｄｉｓｏｒｄｅｒｓＸＵＧｕｏＭｉｎｇ，ＪＩＸｕＨｕａｉ，ＬＩＺｈａｏＳｈｅｎ，ＭＡＮＸｉａｏＨｕａ...     

《证类本草》引用《本草拾遗》版本异同考

目的:对《证类本草》引用《本草拾遗》版本考证。方法;采用宋代官修本草《开宝》《嘉祐》《图经》引用《本草拾遗》的版本内容进行考证。结果:《证类本草》所引用的《本草拾遗》同(开宝》《嘉祐》《图经》等,官修本草所引用的《本草拾遗》并非同一版本。结论:提示今天对《本革拾遗》的研究,引用时应注意其传世版本的不同。     

孕晚期七氟烷暴露对子代大鼠脑组织单胺类

目的 探讨孕晚期七氟烷暴露对子代大鼠脑组织单胺类神经递质含量的影响.方法 18只SD孕大鼠,随机分为3组,对照组、低浓度暴露组和高浓度暴露组,每组6只.孕14 d行麻醉干预,低浓度和高浓度暴露组孕鼠于麻醉箱内分别吸入混有2.5％和4.5％七氟烷的空气2h,对照组吸入空气2h.测定5周龄子鼠体重、脑重,计算脑脏器系数;水迷宫测试5周龄子鼠学习记忆能力;高效液相色谱-荧光检测法测定5周龄子鼠大脑皮质和海马去甲肾上腺素(norepinephrine,NE)、多巴胺(dopamine,DA)和五羟色胺(5-hydroxytryptamine,5-HT)含量.结果 高浓度暴露组子鼠脑脏器系数(1.51±0.08)显著低于对照组(1.63 ±0.12),P＜0.05;定向航行实验训练第1天,各组子鼠游泳速度无明显差异(P＞0.05);从训练第2天起,随暴露浓度增加,子鼠逃避潜伏期逐渐延长(P＜0.05);空间探索实验中,子鼠在目标象限停留时间随暴露浓度增加逐渐缩短(P＜0.05);子鼠大脑皮层NE和5-HT含量随染毒剂量增加逐渐下降(P＜0.05);高浓度暴露组子鼠大脑皮层DA含量也显著低于对照组和低浓度暴露组(P＜0.05);子鼠海马NE和DA含量随染毒剂量增加逐渐下降(P＜0.05);高浓度暴露组子鼠海马5-HT含量也显著低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 孕晚期七氟烷暴露可导致子代生后成年早期学习记忆能力下降;对脑形态和不同脑区单胺类神经递质含量的影响可能参与其导致的神经发育毒性过程.     

茜草的研究进展

茜草Rubiae Radix et Rhizoma是我国传统常用中药之一,具有行血、止血、通经活络等功效。茜草的化学成分丰富,以蒽醌类和萘醌类化合物为主,此外还含有环己肽类、萜类、多糖类和微量元素等;其药理活性多样,有止血、抗肿瘤、抗氧化、抗炎、抗菌、升高白细胞及免疫调节等作用;临床应用广泛,对崩漏、子宫异常出血、原发性痛经等妇科疾病和过敏性紫癜、肾性血尿等疾病具有显著的疗效。茜草具有非常重要的研究价值。主要从茜草的化学成分、药理作用、加工炮制和临床应用4方面阐述其近年来的研究进展,以期为茜草相关的研究和应用提供参考。     

Mitochondrial-dependent, reactive oxygen species-independent apoptosis by myricetin: roles of protein kinase C, cytochrome c, and caspase cascade

Abrogation of mitochondrial permeability and induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production have been observed in chemical-induced apoptosis; however, the relationship between the mitochondria and intracellular ROS levels in apoptosis is still unclear. In the present study, myricetin (ME) but not its respective glycoside, myricitrin (MI; myricetin-3-O-rhamnose) reduced the viability of human leukemia HL-60 cells via apoptosis, characterized by the occurrence of DNA ladders and hypodiploid cells. Results of Western blotting and caspase activity assays showed that activation of caspases 3 and 9 but not caspases 1, 6 or 8 with cleavage of PARP and D4-GDI proteins is involved in ME-induced apoptosis. A reduction in mitochondrial functions characterized by a decrease in the Bcl-2/Bax protein ratio and translocation of cytochrome c (cyt c) from the mitochondria to the cytosol in accordance with a decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential were observed in ME-treated HL-60 cells. No significant induction of intracellular ROS levels by ME was observed by the DCHF-DA assay, DPPH assay or plasmid digestion assay, and antioxidants including N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and tiron (TIR) showed no protective effects on ME-induced apoptosis. A PKC activator, 12-O-tetradecaoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) significantly attenuated ME-induced apoptosis via preventing cytochrome c release to the cytosol and maintaining the mitochondrial membrane potential by inhibiting the decrease in the Bcl-2/Bax protein ratio; these effects were blocked by protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitors including GF-109203X, H7, and staurosporin. Removing mitochondria by ethidium bromide (EtBr) treatment reduced the apoptotic effect of ME. Results of SAR studies showed that the presence of OH at C3′, C4′, and C5′ is important for the apoptosis-inducing activities of ME, and that ME induces apoptosis in another leukemia cell line, Jurkat cells, but not in primary human polymorphonuclear (PMN) cells or in murine peritoneal macrophages (PMs). The results of the present study suggest that apoptosis induced by ME occurs through a novel mitochondrion-dependent, ROS-independent pathway; TPA protects cells from ME-induced apoptosis via PKC activation which prevents the occurrence of mitochondrial destruction during apoptosis.     

Epidermal growth factor receptor mutations detected in tumors from Chinese “never smokers” with lung adenocarcinoma

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancerrelated death in the world as well as in China. It is estimated that approximately 429 000 Chinese individuals may die from lung cancer in 2005, and the mortality rate for lung cancer will double in the next century.^1 Currently, chemotherapy is the a main treatment of advanced and recurrent lungcancer. However,     

Developmental toxic effects of chronic exposure to high doses of iodine in the mouse

Chronic exposure to high doses of iodine induces thyroid dysfunction, but effects of chronic exposure to high amounts of iodine on pregnancy and fetal outcome are uncertain. In the present study, Balb/C mice were given different doses of iodine at the levels of 0 (sterile water), 1500, 3000, 6000, 12,000 and 24,000 μg/L in drinking water for 4 months, then were mated and the developmental toxicity and teratogenicity were evaluated. An obvious colloid goiter was observed, and serum total thyroxine (TT₄) levels increased and serum total triiodothyronine (TT₃) levels decreased significantly in dams when iodine dose reached 3000 μg/L. Maternal effect was evident by the reduction of average daily food consumption in higher doses of iodine groups. Embryotoxicity and teratogenicity were mainly indicated by the reduced body weight in female fetuses, the decreased number of live fetuses, and the increased incidence of resorptions, and especially skeletal variations. These results suggest that exposure to maternally toxic doses of iodine may have a potential developmental toxic effect.     

Diabetes mellitus is associated with an increased risk of falls in elderly residents of a long-term care facility

BACKGROUND: Diabetes mellitus is common among elderly persons, with several potential complications that could contribute to falls. However, diabetes mellitus is not widely recognized as an important risk factor for falls among elderly persons. Accordingly, the purpose of the current study was to determine whether diabetes is an independent risk factor for falls in elderly residents of a long-term care facility. METHODS: Ours was a prospective cohort study of 139 elderly (88 +/- 7 years, range 70-105 years), Caucasian (97%) residents (women, 84%) of a long-term care facility. Inclusion criteria were age > or = 60 years, ability to rise from a seated position, informed consent obtained from participant or guardian. Multiple domains were assessed for the association with falls including: clinical diagnoses; medication use; orthostatic changes in blood pressure, gait, or balance; cognitive/mental status; general well being; activities of daily living; affect/behavior; range of motion and/or ambulation; and communication. Diabetes mellitus was determined by use of hypoglycemic agents. Time to first fall was determined by review of daily New York State mandated "Incident and Accident" reports. RESULTS: Over the follow-up period (mean 299 days), 49 participants (35%) experienced a fall. The fall incidence rate for the participants with and without diabetes mellitus was 78% and 30%, respectively (p <.001). The significant unadjusted hazard ratios of fall risk factors included diabetes mellitus, Berg Balance Scale score <45, number of medications, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, hypertension, use of assistive device, inability to independently move a wheelchair, and use of antidepressants, with the latter two factors being protective. In multivariate analysis, only diabetes (adjusted hazard ratio 4.03; 95% confidence interval, 1.96-8.28) and gait and balance (adjusted hazard ratio 5.26; 95% confidence interval, 1.26-22.02) were significantly and independently associated with an increased risk of falls. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that diabetes mellitus is an independent fall risk factor among elderly nursing home residents.     

Aneuploid analysis of tripronuclear zygotes derived from in vitro fertilization and intracytoplasmic sperm injection in humans

This study demonstrates that the diploid ratio of tripronuclear zygotes after intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) is significantly higher as compared with that after conventional IVF; the extra pronucleus of tripronuclear zygotes after ICSI are mostly from the second polar body, not from sperm.