全文获取类型
收费全文 | 94256篇 |
免费 | 47676篇 |
国内免费 | 108篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 1568篇 |
儿科学 | 4693篇 |
妇产科学 | 2337篇 |
基础医学 | 15997篇 |
口腔科学 | 5284篇 |
临床医学 | 25911篇 |
内科学 | 25325篇 |
皮肤病学 | 7548篇 |
神经病学 | 13845篇 |
特种医学 | 2432篇 |
外科学 | 15070篇 |
综合类 | 217篇 |
一般理论 | 23篇 |
预防医学 | 5718篇 |
眼科学 | 1414篇 |
药学 | 5915篇 |
中国医学 | 1086篇 |
肿瘤学 | 7657篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 76篇 |
2023年 | 826篇 |
2022年 | 176篇 |
2021年 | 1592篇 |
2020年 | 5677篇 |
2019年 | 11019篇 |
2018年 | 10884篇 |
2017年 | 12382篇 |
2016年 | 13052篇 |
2015年 | 12978篇 |
2014年 | 12975篇 |
2013年 | 13796篇 |
2012年 | 4682篇 |
2011年 | 4819篇 |
2010年 | 9910篇 |
2009年 | 6608篇 |
2008年 | 2810篇 |
2007年 | 1564篇 |
2006年 | 1627篇 |
2005年 | 1264篇 |
2004年 | 1211篇 |
2003年 | 1150篇 |
2002年 | 1155篇 |
2001年 | 1367篇 |
2000年 | 1128篇 |
1999年 | 771篇 |
1998年 | 624篇 |
1997年 | 743篇 |
1996年 | 680篇 |
1995年 | 589篇 |
1994年 | 440篇 |
1993年 | 355篇 |
1992年 | 369篇 |
1991年 | 323篇 |
1990年 | 315篇 |
1989年 | 247篇 |
1988年 | 202篇 |
1987年 | 178篇 |
1986年 | 163篇 |
1985年 | 184篇 |
1984年 | 135篇 |
1983年 | 115篇 |
1982年 | 103篇 |
1981年 | 99篇 |
1980年 | 60篇 |
1979年 | 93篇 |
1978年 | 74篇 |
1977年 | 76篇 |
1976年 | 72篇 |
1972年 | 89篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
991.
Copy number variations in DCC/18q and ERBB2/17q are associated with disease‐free survival in microsatellite stable colon cancer
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《International journal of cancer. Journal international du cancer》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
David Sefrioui Thomas Vermeulin France Blanchard Caroline Chapusot Ludivine Beaussire Laura Armengol‐Debeir Richard Sesboué Alice Gangloff Mohamed Hebbar Marie‐Christine Copin Estelle Houivet Lilian Schwarz Florian Clatot Jean‐Jacques Tuech Jacques Bénichou Laurent Martin Anne‐Marie Bouvier Jean‐Christophe Sabourin Nasrin Sarafan‐Vasseur Thierry Frébourg Côme Lepage Pierre Michel Frédéric Di Fiore 《International journal of cancer. Journal international du cancer》2017,140(7):1653-1661
We conducted a prospective study to assess the prognostic impact of selected copy number variations (CNVs) in Stage II–III microsatellite stable (MSS) colon cancer. A total of 401 patients were included from 01/2004 to 01/2009. The CNVs in 8 selected target genes, DCC/18q, EGFR/7p, TP53/17p, BLK/8p, MYC/8q, APC/5q, ERBB2/17q and STK6/20q, were detected using a quantitative multiplex polymerase chain reaction of short fluorescent fragment (QMPSF) method. The primary end‐point was the impact of the CNVs on the 4‐year disease‐free survival (DFS). The recurrence rate at 4 years was 20.9%, corresponding to 14% Stage II patients versus 31% Stage III patients (p < 0.0001). The 4‐year DFS was significantly decreased in patients with a loss at DCC/18q (p = 0.012) and a gain at ERBB2/17q (p = 0.041). The multivariate analysis demonstrated that Stage III, a loss at DCC/18q and a gain at ERBB2/17q were independent factors associated with DFS. A combination of DCC/18q and ERBB2/17q was also associated with relapse, with the hazard ratio increasing from 1 to 2.4 (95% confidence interval (CI), 1.5–4.1) and 3.1 (95% CI, 1.2–8.4) in the presence of 0, 1 or 2 alterations, respectively (p = 0.0013). CNVs in DCC/18q and ERBB2/17q are significantly associated with DFS in Stage II–III MSS colon cancer. 相似文献
992.
Ted A. Skolarus MD MPH Andrew M.D. Wolf MD Nicole L. Erb BA Durado D. Brooks MD MPH Brian M. Rivers PhD MPH Willie Underwood III MD MPH MSci Andrew L. Salner MD Michael J. Zelefsky MD Jeanny B. Aragon‐Ching MD Susan F. Slovin MD PhD Daniela A. Wittmann PhD MSW CST Michael A. Hoyt PhD Victoria J. Sinibaldi CRNP Gerald Chodak MD Mandi L. Pratt‐Chapman MA Rebecca L. Cowens‐Alvarado MPH 《CA: a cancer journal for clinicians》2014,64(4):225-249
Answer questions and earn CME/CNE Prostate cancer survivors approach 2.8 million in number and represent 1 in 5 of all cancer survivors in the United States. While guidelines exist for timely treatment and surveillance for recurrent disease, there is limited availability of guidelines that facilitate the provision of posttreatment clinical follow‐up care to address the myriad of long‐term and late effects that survivors may face. Based on recommendations set forth by a National Cancer Survivorship Resource Center expert panel, the American Cancer Society developed clinical follow‐up care guidelines to facilitate the provision of posttreatment care by primary care clinicians. These guidelines were developed using a combined approach of evidence synthesis and expert consensus. Existing guidelines for health promotion, surveillance, and screening for second primary cancers were referenced when available. To promote comprehensive follow‐up care and optimal health and quality of life for the posttreatment survivor, the guidelines address health promotion, surveillance for prostate cancer recurrence, screening for second primary cancers, long‐term and late effects assessment and management, psychosocial issues, and care coordination among the oncology team, primary care clinicians, and nononcology specialists. A key challenge to the development of these guidelines was the limited availability of published evidence for management of prostate cancer survivors after treatment. Much of the evidence relies on studies with small sample sizes and retrospective analyses of facility‐specific and population databases. CA Cancer J Clin 2014;64:225–249. © 2014 American Cancer Society . 相似文献
993.
Viral load,gene expression and mapping of viral integration sites in HPV16‐associated HNSCC cell lines
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《International journal of cancer. Journal international du cancer》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
Jutta Kolligs Mieke Henfling Frans C.S. Ramaekers Iris Cornet Josefa A. van Lent‐Albrechts Alexander P.A. Stegmann Steffi Silling Ulrike Wieland Thomas E. Carey Heather M. Walline Susanne M. Gollin Thomas K. Hoffmann Johan de Winter Bernd Kremer Ernst‐Jan M. Speel 《International journal of cancer. Journal international du cancer》2015,136(5):E207-E218
994.
Modifications in dietary and alcohol intakes between before and after cancer diagnosis: Results from the prospective population‐based NutriNet‐Santé cohort
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《International journal of cancer. Journal international du cancer》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
Philippine Fassier Laurent Zelek Lucie Lécuyer Patrick Bachmann Marina Touillaud Nathalie Druesne‐Pecollo Pilar Galan Patrice Cohen Hélène Hoarau Paule Latino‐Martel Emmanuelle Kesse‐Guyot Julia Baudry Serge Hercberg Mélanie Deschasaux Mathilde Touvier 《International journal of cancer. Journal international du cancer》2017,141(3):457-470
Postdiagnosis diet and alcohol consumption may be associated with cancer prognosis, recurrence and mortality. Our aim was to investigate food, nutrient and alcohol intake variations between before and after cancer diagnosis and their determinants in a prospective cohort. Subjects (n = 696) were incident cancer cases diagnosed in the NutriNet‐Santé cohort between 2009 and 2016. Food, nutrient and alcohol intakes were prospectively collected using repeated nonconsecutive 24‐hr dietary records since subjects' inclusion (i.e. an average of 2 y before diagnosis). Mean number of dietary records per subject was 5.9 before and 8.1 after diagnosis. All dietary data before and after diagnosis were compared by mixed models. Factors associated with the main dietary changes observed were also investigated using multivariable logistic regressions. We observed a decrease in intakes of vegetables (mean decrease in intake in patients who decreased their intake=‐102.4 ± 79.8 g/d), dairy products (–93.9 ± 82.8 g/d), meat/offal (–35.5 ± 27.8/d), soy products (–85.8 ± 104.1 g/d), sweetened soft drinks (–77.9 ± 95.4 g/d), and alcoholic drinks (–92.9 ± 119.9 g/d), and an increase in broths (42.1 ± 34.9 g/d) and fats/sauces (18.0 ± 13.4 g/d). We observed a decrease in energy intake (–377.2 ± 243.5 kcal/d) and in intakes of alcohol (–7.6 ± 9.4 g/d) proteins (–17.4 ± 12.5 g/d), and several vitamins (p < 0.05) and micronutrients (p < 0.05). Conversely, lipid (19.4 ± 14.6 g/d), SFA (9.3 ± 7.0 g/d), MUFA (8.3 ± 6.3 g/d) and vitamin E (3.9 ± 3.3 mg/d) intakes increased after diagnosis. This large prospective study suggests that cancer diagnosis is a key period for nutritional changes. It highlights some healthy behaviors such as a decrease in alcohol and sweetened drink consumption, but also less favorable trends, such as a decrease in vegetable consumption and in many vitamin and mineral intakes. These results provide insights to identify and target recommendations to put forward for better nutritional care of cancer survivors. 相似文献
995.
Selecting postoperative adjuvant systemic therapy for early stage breast cancer: A critical assessment of commercially available gene expression assays
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《Journal of surgical oncology》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
David M. Hyams MD Eric Schuur PhD Javier Angel Aristizabal MD Juan Enrique Bargallo Rocha MD Cesar Cabello MD Roberto Elizalde MD Laura García‐Estévez MD Henry L. Gomez MD Artur Katz MD Aníbal Nuñez De Pierro MD 《Journal of surgical oncology》2017,115(6):647-662
Risk stratification of patients with early stage breast cancer may support adjuvant chemotherapy decision‐making. This review details the development and validation of six multi‐gene classifiers, each of which claims to provide useful prognostic and possibly predictive information for early stage breast cancer patients. A careful assessment is presented of each test's analytical validity, clinical validity, and clinical utility, as well as the quality of evidence supporting its use. 相似文献
996.
Mortality and cost of radiation therapy for oesophageal cancer according to hospital accreditation level: a nationwide population‐based study
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《European journal of cancer care》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
S.‐H. Liu PhD J.‐N. Wu PhD J.‐D. Day PhD C.‐H. Muo MSc F.‐C. Sung PhD C.‐H Kao MD J.‐A. Liang MD 《European journal of cancer care》2015,24(3):333-339
This study examined and analysed the relationship between the cost‐effectiveness and outcome of radiotherapy for oesophageal cancer among hospitals with varying accreditation levels. We selected 428 oesophageal cancer patients from medical and non‐medical centres using the National Health Insurance Research Database, which is maintained by the Taiwanese National Health Research Institutes, and compared their medical expenditure and the outcome of their radiotherapy treatment. In this study cohort of patients with oesophageal cancer, 278 patients were treated in medical centres (mean age: 60.1 years) and 150 patients were treated in non‐medical centres (mean age: 62.0 years, P = 0.16). The medical centre group exhibited significantly lower medical expenses, mortality and risk of death compared with the non‐medical centre group (adjusted hazard ratio = 1.38, 95% confidence interval = 1.11–1.71). Our study determined that radiotherapy for oesophageal cancer costs significantly less, and medical centres had lower mortality rates than non‐medical centres. These findings could provide professional organisations and healthcare policy makers with essential information for allocation of resources. 相似文献
997.
Rebeca Rodríguez‐Veiga Pau Montesinos Estefanía García Blanca Boluda Rafael Rojas Josefina Serrano David Martínez‐Cuadrn Carmen Martín Jaime Sanz Salvador Tabares Jos L. Piana Ignacio Lorenzo Juan Montoro Miguel Salavert Javier Pemn Isidro Jarque Pilar Solves Guillermo F. Sanz Antonio Torres Miguel A. Sanz 《Mycoses》2019,62(5):418-427
998.
A randomized,controlled trial of two strategies of offering the home‐based HPV self‐sampling test to non‐ participants in the Flemish cervical cancer screening program
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《International journal of cancer. Journal international du cancer》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
Eliane Kellen Ina Benoy Davy Vanden Broeck Patrick Martens Jean‐Paul Bogers Annemie Haelens Erik Van Limbergen 《International journal of cancer. Journal international du cancer》2018,143(4):861-868
We conducted a randomized, controlled trial to evaluate different strategies of offering an HPV‐self sampling program, and compared this with two control groups. All total of 35,354 women who did not participate in the Flemish cancer screening program were included in the study: 9,118 received a HPV self‐collection brush (RIATOL qPCR HPV genotyping test (qPCR [E6/E7]); 9,098 were offered the opportunity to order an HPV‐selfsampling brush, 8,830 received the recall letter; 8,849 received no intervention. Within 12 months after the mailing, 18.7% of the women who had received the brush, participated by returning a self‐sample sample, while 10.6% women allocated to the opt‐ in group did so. 10.5% women who received the standard recall letter, had a PAP smear taken within a period of 12 months; while 8% women did so without receiving an intervention at all. Participation in postmenopausal women was higher than in women younger than 50 in both self‐sampling arms. Screening by means of the self‐sample kit increased by age, contradictory when screening is performed by a PAP smear. Of those testing hrHPV positive (9.5%), 88.9% attended for follow up cytology. The mean DNA concentration, found in the self‐sampler, decreased by age, causing a higher number of inconclusive results. Our results support the efficacy of a self‐sampling strategy to increase participation in the Flemish screening program. Self‐sampling seems particularly acceptable to postmenopausal non‐responders. Future research should focus on the performance of different self‐sampling devices in post‐menopausal women as low DNA concentrations exponentially increased over age. 相似文献
999.
Genomic analysis of inherited breast cancer among Palestinian women: Genetic heterogeneity and a founder mutation in TP53
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《International journal of cancer. Journal international du cancer》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
Suhair Lolas Hamameh Paul Renbaum Lara Kamal Dima Dweik Mohammad Salahat Tamara Jaraysa Amal Abu Rayyan Silvia Casadei Jessica B. Mandell Suleyman Gulsuner Ming K. Lee Tom Walsh Mary‐Claire King Ephrat Levy‐Lahad Moein Kanaan 《International journal of cancer. Journal international du cancer》2017,141(4):750-756
Breast cancer among Palestinian women has lower incidence than in Europe or North America, yet is very frequently familial. We studied genetic causes of this familial clustering in a consecutive hospital‐based series of 875 Palestinian patients with invasive breast cancer, including 453 women with diagnosis by age 40, or with breast or ovarian cancer in a mother, sister, grandmother or aunt (“discovery series”); and 422 women diagnosed after age 40 and with negative family history (“older‐onset sporadic patient series”). Genomic DNA from women in the discovery series was sequenced for all known breast cancer genes, revealing a pathogenic mutation in 13% (61/453) of patients. These mutations were screened in all patients and in 300 Palestinian female controls, revealing 1.0% (4/422) carriers among older, nonfamilial patients and two carriers among controls. The mutational spectrum was highly heterogeneous, including pathogenic mutations in 11 different genes: BRCA1, BRCA2, TP53, ATM, CHEK2, BARD1, BRIP1, PALB2, MRE11A, PTEN and XRCC2. BRCA1 carriers were significantly more likely than other patients to have triple negative tumors (p = 0.03). The single most frequent mutation was TP53 p.R181C, which was significantly enriched in the discovery series compared to controls (p = 0.01) and was responsible for 15% of breast cancers among young onset or familial patients. TP53 p.R181C predisposed specifically to breast cancer with incomplete penetrance, and not to other Li‐Fraumeni cancers. Palestinian women with young onset or familial breast cancer and their families would benefit from genetic analysis and counseling. 相似文献
1000.
A NOTCH1 gene copy number gain is a prognostic indicator of worse survival and a predictive biomarker to a Notch1 targeting antibody in colorectal cancer
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《International journal of cancer. Journal international du cancer》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
John J. Arcaroli W.M. Tai Ryan McWilliams Stacey Bagby Patrick J. Blatchford Marileila Varella‐Garcia Alicia Purkey Kevin S. Quackenbush Eun‐Kee Song Todd M. Pitts Dexiang Gao Chris Lieu Martine McManus Aik Choon Tan Xianxian Zheng Qin Zhang Mark Ozeck Peter Olson Zhi‐Qin Jiang Scott Kopetz Antonio Jimeno Stephen Keysar Gail Eckhardt Wells A. Messersmith 《International journal of cancer. Journal international du cancer》2016,138(1):195-205
Dysregulation of the Notch1 receptor has been shown to facilitate the development and progression of colorectal cancer (CRC) and has been identified as an independent predictor of disease progression and worse survival. Although mutations in the NOTCH1 receptor have not been described in CRC, we have previously discovered a NOTCH1 gene copy number gain in a portion of CRC tumor samples. Here, we demonstrated that a NOTCH1 gene copy number gain is significantly associated with worse survival and a high percentage of gene duplication in a cohort of patients with advanced CRC. In our CRC patient‐derived tumor xenograft (PDTX) model, tumors harboring a NOTCH1 gain exhibited significant elevation of the Notch1 receptor, JAG1 ligand and cleaved Notch1 activity. In addition, a significant association was identified between a gain in NOTCH1 gene copy number and sensitivity to a Notch1‐targeting antibody. These findings suggest that patients with metastatic CRC that harbor a gain in NOTCH1 gene copy number have worse survival and that targeting this patient population with a Notch1 antibody may yield improved outcomes. 相似文献