全文获取类型
收费全文 | 861篇 |
免费 | 51篇 |
国内免费 | 11篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 3篇 |
儿科学 | 78篇 |
妇产科学 | 5篇 |
基础医学 | 97篇 |
口腔科学 | 12篇 |
临床医学 | 99篇 |
内科学 | 156篇 |
皮肤病学 | 3篇 |
神经病学 | 46篇 |
特种医学 | 157篇 |
外科学 | 103篇 |
综合类 | 9篇 |
预防医学 | 49篇 |
眼科学 | 7篇 |
药学 | 52篇 |
中国医学 | 2篇 |
肿瘤学 | 45篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 2篇 |
2022年 | 3篇 |
2021年 | 10篇 |
2020年 | 5篇 |
2019年 | 5篇 |
2018年 | 7篇 |
2017年 | 7篇 |
2016年 | 13篇 |
2015年 | 16篇 |
2014年 | 20篇 |
2013年 | 28篇 |
2012年 | 29篇 |
2011年 | 37篇 |
2010年 | 20篇 |
2009年 | 24篇 |
2008年 | 27篇 |
2007年 | 23篇 |
2006年 | 27篇 |
2005年 | 27篇 |
2004年 | 30篇 |
2003年 | 24篇 |
2002年 | 22篇 |
2001年 | 13篇 |
2000年 | 15篇 |
1999年 | 14篇 |
1998年 | 39篇 |
1997年 | 63篇 |
1996年 | 44篇 |
1995年 | 37篇 |
1994年 | 37篇 |
1993年 | 27篇 |
1992年 | 19篇 |
1991年 | 13篇 |
1990年 | 8篇 |
1989年 | 21篇 |
1988年 | 24篇 |
1987年 | 20篇 |
1986年 | 25篇 |
1985年 | 21篇 |
1984年 | 10篇 |
1983年 | 6篇 |
1982年 | 12篇 |
1981年 | 7篇 |
1980年 | 8篇 |
1978年 | 9篇 |
1977年 | 13篇 |
1976年 | 4篇 |
1975年 | 6篇 |
1970年 | 1篇 |
1969年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有923条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
101.
Improved hematopoiesis in anemic Sl/Sld mice by splenectomy and therapeutic transplantation of a hematopoietic microenvironment 总被引:4,自引:2,他引:4
The ability of a clonal hematopoiesis-supportive bone-marrow stromal cell line GBlneor to engraft and alter the microenvironment-induced anemia of Sl/Sld mice was studied. Prior to stromal cell transplantation, Sl/Sld mice received 1 Gy total body irradiation (TBI) and 13 Gy to the right hind limb. Two months after intravenous (IV) injection of 5 x 10(5) GBlneor cells, 54.4% +/- 17.0% donor origin (G418r) colony-forming cells were recovered from the right hind limb of Sl/Sld mice. Long-term bone marrow cultures (LTBMCs) established from GBlneor-transplanted mice produced 189.5 CFU-GEMM-forming progenitors/flask over 10 weeks compared with 52.7 +/- 6.2 CFU-GEMM forming progenitors/flask from irradiated nontransplanted Sl/Sld mice. A partial correction of macrocytic anemia was detected 2 months after GBlneor transplantation in splenectomized, irradiated Sl/Sld mice (HgB 7.2 +/- 0.4 g/dL; MCV 68.3 +/- 7.0 fL) compared to splenectomized, irradiated, nontransplanted Sl/Sld mice (HgB 5.5 +/- 1.1 g/dL; MCV 76 +/- 8.5 fL) or control Sl/Sld mice (HgB 5.4 +/- 0.5 g/dL; MCV 82.4 +/- 1.3 fL). Mean RBC volume distribution analysis showed a 2.5-fold increase in percentage of peripheral blood RBCs with MCV less than or equal to 45 fL and confirmed reduction of the MCV in splenectomized- GBlneor-transplanted mice compared to control Sl/Sld mice. A hematopoiesis-suppressive clonal stromal cell line derived from LTBMCs of Sl/Sld mice (Sldneor) engrafted as effectively (43.5% +/- 1.2% G418r CFU-F/limb) as did GBlneor cells (38.3% +/- 0.16% G418r CFU-F/limb) to the irradiated right hind limbs of C57Bl/6 mice. LTBMCs established after 2 or 6 months from Sldneor-transplanted mice showed decreased hematopoiesis (182 +/- 12 [2 months] and 3494.3 +/- 408.1 [6 months] CFU-GEMM forming progenitors/flask over 10 weeks) compared to those established from GBlneor-transplanted mice (5980 +/- 530 [2 months] and 7728 +/- 607, [6 months] CFU-GEMM progenitors forming/flask). Thus, transplantation of clonal bone-marrow stromal cell lines in vivo can stably transfer their physiologic properties to normal or mutant mice. 相似文献
102.
D'Andrea R; Rayner J; Moretti P; Lopez A; Goodall GJ; Gonda TJ; Vadas M 《Blood》1994,83(10):2802-2808
The cytokines interleukin-3, interleukin-5, and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor bind with high affinity to a receptor complex that contains a ligand-specific alpha-chain and a common beta-chain, h beta c. We report here the isolation of a mutant form of h beta c, from growth factor-independent cells, that arose spontaneously after infection of a murine factor-dependent hematopoietic cell line (FDC-P1) with a retroviral h beta c expression construct. Analysis of this h beta c mutation shows that a small (37 amino acid) duplication of extracellular sequence that includes two conserved sequence motifs is sufficient to confer ligand-independent growth on these cells and lead to tumourigenicity. Because this is a conserved region in the cytokine receptor superfamily, our results suggest that the large family of cytokine receptors has the capacity to become oncogenically active. 相似文献
103.
In earlier studies we have shown that a final concentration of 0.69% glycerol in blood mixed with an experimental additive solution, EAS 25, improves the in vitro quality and in vivo survival of red blood cells (RBCs). The objective of this study was to determine if the better preservation of RBCs in EAS 25 is correlated with the improved maintenance of membrane lipids and proteins and decreased vesiculation. Split units of RBCs were stored in Adsol or EAS 25 (mmol/L: adenine 2/2, dextrose 122/110, mannitol 42/55, glycerol 0/150, NaCl 154/50). After 12 weeks storage, RBC and microvesicle membranes were analyzed for cholesterol, phospholipid, diphenyl hexatriene fluorescence anisotropy, and acetylcholinesterase (AchE) activity. Bands 3 and 4.1 were identified in the microvesicle membranes by immunoblotting. The RBC membrane cholesterol, phospholipids, and AchE remained higher in EAS 25 than in Adsol (P < .001). Vesicle membrane lipids and AchE in EAS 25 were significantly less than in Adsol (P < .001). The fluidity of stored cells in both the solutions was greater than the prestorage samples. Immunoblotting analyses showed that bands 3 and 4.1 were greatly reduced in the microvesicle membranes shed by the RBCs stored in EAS 25 compared with those formed in Adsol. 相似文献
104.
Recombinant human megakaryocyte growth and development factor stimulates thrombocytopoiesis in normal nonhuman primates 总被引:4,自引:2,他引:4
Megakaryocyte growth and development factor (MGDF) is a novel cytokine that binds to the c-mpl receptor and stimulates megakaryocyte development in vitro and in vivo. This report describes the ability of recombinant human (r-Hu) MGDF to affect megakaryocytopoiesis in normal nonhuman primates. r-HuMGDF was administered subcutaneously to normal, male rhesus monkeys once per day for 10 consecutive days at dosages of 2.5, 25, or 250 micrograms/kg of body weight. Bone marrow and peripheral blood were assayed for clonogenic activity and peripheral blood counts were monitored. Circulating platelet counts increased significantly (P < .05) for all doses within 6 days of r-HuMGDF administration and reached maximal levels between day 12 and day 14 postcytokine administration. The 2.5, 25.0, and 250.0 micrograms/kg/d doses elicited peak mean platelet counts that were 592%, 670%, and 449% of baseline, respectively. Bone marrow-derived clonogenic data showed significant increases in the concentration of megakaryocyte (MEG)- colony-forming unit (CFU) and granulocyte-erythroid-macrophage- megakaryocyte (GEMM)-CFU, whereas that of granulocyte-macrophage (GM)- CFU and burst-forming unit-erythroid (BFU-e) remained unchanged during the administration of r-HuMGDF. These data show that r-HuMGDF is a potent stimulator of thrombocytopoiesis in the normal nonhuman primate. 相似文献
105.
Baka is a platelet alloantigen whose putative allele, Bakb, has not been identified previously. By using a serum, "Har," obtained from a patient with posttransfusion purpura, we describe the platelet alloantigen Bakb. The Har serum reacted with an NP-40-extractable platelet membrane protein of 142 kd with mobility similar to platelet glycoprotein IIb alpha. We found that the antigen recognized by the Har serum is inherited in an autosomal dominant mode with an apparent gene frequency of .39. Chi-square analysis of observed and expected phenotype frequencies indicated that serum Har recognizes Bakb, the anticipated allele of Baka. Our findings provide new evidence for polymorphism of glycoprotein IIb and for the association of posttransfusion purpura with alloimmunization to determinants on this glycoprotein. 相似文献
106.
107.
Conditions were developed in which 80% to 90% of platelet fibrinogen could be routinely purified in nondegraded form from the fluid phase of platelet suspensions stimulated with the calcium ionophore, A23187, in the presence of calcium, leupeptin, and prostaglandin E1. Fibrinogen was separated from other released proteins by chromatography on diethylaminoethanol (DEAE)-cellulose using a continuous pH and ionic strength gradient. Purified platelet fibrinogen, greater than 98% homogeneous by immunoelectrophoresis and sodium-dodecyl sulfate- polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), consisted of intact A alpha, B beta and gamma A chains, but not gamma' chains, and was 95% to 96% clottable. Platelet fibrinogen was shown to compete for the binding of radiolabeled plasma fibrinogen to ADP-activated platelets in a manner identical to that of unlabeled plasma fibrinogen itself. Also, at equivalent protein concentrations, platelet and plasma fibrinogens supported platelet aggregation to an equivalent extent. Based upon these results, we conclude that there is no significant difference between platelet and plasma fibrinogen with respect to their size, their clottability, their affinity for the activated platelet fibrinogen receptor, or their capacity to support subsequent platelet aggregation. 相似文献
108.
Molecular cloning, chromosomal location, and tissue-specific expression of the murine cathepsin G gene 总被引:5,自引:1,他引:5
Heusel JW; Scarpati EM; Jenkins NA; Gilbert DJ; Copeland NG; Shapiro SD; Ley TJ 《Blood》1993,81(6):1614-1623
We previously have characterized a cluster of genes encoding cathepsin G (CG) and two other CG-like hematopoietic serine proteases, CGL-1 and CGL-2, on human chromosome 14. In this report, we clone and characterize a novel, related murine hematopoietic serine protease gene using human CG (hCG) cDNA as the probe. This murine gene spans approximately 2.5 kb of genomic DNA, is organized into five exons and four introns, and bears a high degree of homology to hCG at both nucleic acid (73%) and deduced amino acid (66%) levels. The predicted cDNA contains an open reading frame of 783 nucleotides that encodes a nascent protein of 261 amino acids. Processing of a putative signal (pre) peptide of 18 residues and an activation (pro) dipeptide would generate a mature enzyme of approximately 27 Kd that has an estimated pI of 12.0. Conserved residues at His44, Asp88, and Ser181 form the characteristic catalytic triad of the serine protease superfamily. The gene is tightly linked to the CTLA-1 locus on murine chromosome 14, where the serine protease genes mCCP1-4 are clustered. Expression of this gene is detected only in the bone marrow and is restricted to a small population of early myeloid cells. These findings are consistent with the identification of the gene encoding murine CG. 相似文献
109.
110.
Therapeutic efficacy of recombinant human leukemia inhibitory factor in a primate model of radiation-induced marrow aplasia 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The therapeutic efficacy of recombinant human leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) was examined in a nonhuman primate model of radiation- induced marrow aplasia. Rhesus monkeys received 450 cGy of total-body, 1:1 mixed neutron:gamma radiation. For 23 days thereafter, each monkey received a daily subcutaneous injection of LIF or human serum albumin (HSA) at a dose of 15 micrograms/kg body weight. Complete blood counts and white blood cell differentials were monitored for 60 days postirradiation. Administration of LIF significantly decreased (P < or = .05) the duration of thrombocytopenia (platelet count < 30,000 or 20,000/microL), ie, 9.3 days or 6.3 days, respectively, versus the HSA- treated control monkeys, 12.2 days or 10.2 days, respectively. Treatment with LIF did not alter the duration of neutropenia (absolute neutrophil count < 1,000/microL) as compared with the HSA-treated control monkeys. Cytokine administration did not exacerbate the radiation-induced anemia observed in the HSA-treated control monkeys. 相似文献