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951.
Brookes K Xu X Chen W Zhou K Neale B Lowe N Anney R Aneey R Franke B Gill M Ebstein R Buitelaar J Sham P Campbell D Knight J Andreou P Altink M Arnold R Boer F Buschgens C Butler L Christiansen H Feldman L Fleischman K Fliers E Howe-Forbes R Goldfarb A Heise A Gabriëls I Korn-Lubetzki I Johansson L Marco R Medad S Minderaa R Mulas F Müller U Mulligan A Rabin K Rommelse N Sethna V Sorohan J Uebel H Psychogiou L Weeks A Barrett R Craig I Banaschewski T Sonuga-Barke E Eisenberg J Kuntsi J Manor I 《Molecular psychiatry》2006,11(10):934-953
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder, starting in early childhood and persisting into adulthood in the majority of cases. Family and twin studies have demonstrated the importance of genetic factors and candidate gene association studies have identified several loci that exert small but significant effects on ADHD. To provide further clarification of reported associations and identify novel associated genes, we examined 1,038 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) spanning 51 candidate genes involved in the regulation of neurotransmitter pathways, particularly dopamine, norepinephrine and serotonin pathways, in addition to circadian rhythm genes. Analysis used within family tests of association in a sample of 776 DSM-IV ADHD combined type cases ascertained for the International Multi-centre ADHD Gene project. We found nominal significance with one or more SNPs in 18 genes, including the two most replicated findings in the literature: DRD4 and DAT1. Gene-wide tests, adjusted for the number of SNPs analysed in each gene, identified associations with TPH2, ARRB2, SYP, DAT1, ADRB2, HES1, MAOA and PNMT. Further studies will be needed to confirm or refute the observed associations and their generalisability to other samples. 相似文献
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P Bronsert K Enderle‐Ammour M Bader S Timme M Kuehs A Csanadi G Kayser I Kohler D Bausch J Hoeppner UT Hopt T Keck E Stickeler B Passlick O Schilling CP Reiss Y Vashist T Brabletz J Berger J Lotz J Olesch UF Wellner 《The Journal of pathology》2014,234(3):410-422
Cancer cell invasion takes place at the cancer–host interface and is a prerequisite for distant metastasis. The relationships between current biological and clinical concepts such as cell migration modes, tumour budding and epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) remains unclear in several aspects, especially for the 'real' situation in human cancer. We developed a novel method that provides exact three‐dimensional (3D) information on both microscopic morphology and gene expression, over a virtually unlimited spatial range, by reconstruction from serial immunostained tissue slices. Quantitative 3D assessment of tumour budding at the cancer–host interface in human pancreatic, colorectal, lung and breast adenocarcinoma suggests collective cell migration as the mechanism of cancer cell invasion, while single cancer cell migration seems to be virtually absent. Budding tumour cells display a shift towards spindle‐like as well as a rounded morphology. This is associated with decreased E‐cadherin staining intensity and a shift from membranous to cytoplasmic staining, as well as increased nuclear ZEB1 expression. Copyright © 2014 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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Janet Seeley Charlotte H Watts Susan Kippax Steven Russell Lori Heise Alan Whiteside 《Journal of the International AIDS Society》2012,15(Z1):17397
The social, economic, political and environmental structural factors that increase susceptibility to HIV infection and undermine prevention and treatment efforts continue to pose a challenge. The papers in this series highlight the importance of sustaining those efforts to address the structural drivers of the HIV epidemic, and that initiatives to achieve HIV elimination will only come about through a comprehensive HIV response, that includes meaningful responses to the social, political, economic and environmental factors that affect HIV risk and vulnerability. In the context of declining resources for HIV/AIDS, the papers speak to the need to integrate responses to the structural drivers of HIV/AIDS into future HIV investments, with both initiatives to integrate HIV into broader gender and development initiatives, as well as adaptations of current service models, to ensure that they are sensitive to and able to respond to the broader economic and social responsibilities that their clients face. 相似文献
958.
Kiss L Schraiber LB Heise L Zimmerman C Gouveia N Watts C 《Social science & medicine (1982)》2012,74(8):1172-1179
This study investigates the influence of neighbourhood socioeconomic conditions on women's likelihood of experiencing intimate partner violence (IPV) in Sao Paulo, Brazil. Data from 940 women who were interviewed as part of the WHO multi-country study on women's health and domestic violence against women, and census data for Sao Paulo City, were analyzed using multilevel regression techniques. A neighbourhood socioeconomic-level scale was created, and proxies for the socioeconomic positions of the couple were included. Other individual level variables included factors related to partner's behaviour and women's experiences and attitudes. Women's risk of IPV did not vary across neighbourhoods in Sao Paulo nor was it influenced by her individual socioeconomic characteristics. However, women in the middle range of the socioeconomic scale were significantly more likely to report having experienced violence by a partner. Partner behaviours such as excessive alcohol use, controlling behaviour and multiple sexual partnerships were important predictors of IPV. A women's likelihood of IPV also increased if either her mother had experienced IPV or if she used alcohol excessively. These findings suggest that although the characteristics of people living in deprived neighbourhoods may influence the probability that a woman will experience IPV, higher-order contextual dynamics do not seem to affect this risk. While poverty reduction will improve the lives of individuals in many ways, strategies to reduce IPV should prioritize shifting norms that reinforce certain negative male behaviours. 相似文献
959.
Mario G. Siqueira Vinicius Scaramuzzi Carlos Otto Heise Roberto S. Martins Hugo Sterman 《Child's nervous system》2014,30(8):1435-1439
Purpose
This study aims to discuss the diagnosis and management of radial nerve compression neuropathy in the newborn.Methods
A personal case is presented, followed by a review and analysis of clinically similar cases identified via a PubMed search of published medical literature.Results
We report a case of a term newborn with bilateral radial neuropathy at the humerus level. Despite severe axonal involvement in the electrophysiological evaluation, the patient showed complete bilateral recovery after 3 months of follow-up.Conclusions
Isolated radial nerve palsy is a rare event in the newborn. The condition does not require surgical treatment and usually proceeds to full and rapid spontaneous recovery. 相似文献960.
Elizabeth G Doggett Michele Lanham Rose Wilcher Mitzy Gafos Quarraisha A Karim Lori Heise 《Journal of the International AIDS Society》2015,18(1)