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排序方式: 共有861条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
21.
Independent from its type or mode, artificial nutrition may cause complications. In critical illness, it may be particularly difficult to evaluate the nutritional status of an individual patient. Accepting some degree of imprecision, muscle ultrasound and subjective global assessment may be valuable tools. During enteral nutrition, aspiration is the complication feared the most. To minimize corresponding risks, it is important to closely monitor gastrointestinal function which is likely to be impaired, thereby, often preventing the provision of sufficient calories. To account for potential deficits, a close monitoring of actually administered or presumably absorbed calories is essential. During parenteral nutrition, the risk is high that hyperglycemia or hypertriglyceridemia will exacerbate. Consequently, corresponding concentrations need to be closely monitored. Further complications include generation of a fatty liver, or biliary pathologies. The latter can be recognized by regularly determining plasmatic parameters of hepatic function. In patients with impaired kidney function or large volume shifts, close surveillance of electrolyte concentrations, vital function, hydration state, and kidney function is essential. 相似文献
22.
Paulo CJL Santos Renata AG Soares Diogo BG Santos Raimundo M Nascimento George LLM Coelho José C Nicolau José G Mill José E Krieger Alexandre C Pereira 《BMC medical genetics》2011,12(1):13
Background
Recent studies have reported the clinical importance of CYP2C19 and ABCB1 polymorphisms in an individualized approach to clopidogrel treatment. The aims of this study were to evaluate the frequencies of CYP2C19 and ABCB1 polymorphisms and to identify the clopidogrel-predicted metabolic phenotypes according to ethnic groups in a sample of individuals representative of a highly admixtured population. 相似文献23.
Thromboxane receptor blockade prevents pulmonary hypertension induced by heparin-protamine reactions in awake sheep 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
G Montalescot E Lowenstein M L Ogletree E M Greene D R Robinson K Hartl W M Zapol 《Circulation》1990,82(5):1765-1777
We used competitive thromboxane A2-prostaglandin endoperoxide receptor blockade (SQ 30,741) as a probe to evaluate the role of thromboxane in ovine pulmonary vasoconstriction associated with protamine reversal of heparin anticoagulation. Control heparin-protamine reactions induced rapid release of thromboxane into arterial plasma (more than 1 ng/ml plasma), a 2.5-fold increase of pulmonary artery pressure, a 20% decrease of PaO2, and a 30% reduction in arterial white blood cell concentration. After giving SQ 30,741 despite similar thromboxane release into arterial plasma after heparin-protamine challenge, acute pulmonary hypertension was significantly reduced when 94% of pulmonary vascular smooth muscle thromboxane receptors were occupied with SQ 30,741 (p less than 0.01 at 1 minute after protamine versus control heparin-protamine reaction) and was completely abolished by a 10 mg/kg i.v. bolus (p less than 0.0001 at 1 minute after protamine versus control). Peripheral leukopenia was not affected by SQ 30,741 prophylaxis, but hypoxemia was prevented. We conclude that thromboxane causes pulmonary vasoconstriction in ovine heparin-protamine-induced pulmonary hypertension. Pulmonary vasoconstriction and hypoxemia can be completely prevented by thromboxane receptor blockade. 相似文献
24.
Mortality and rate of stroke or embolism in atrial fibrillation during long-term follow-up in the embolism in left atrial thrombi (ELAT) study 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Stöllberger C Chnupa P Abzieher C Länger T Finsterer J Klem I Hartl E Wehinger C Schneider B 《Clinical cardiology》2004,27(1):40-46
BACKGROUND: Patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) have a higher mortality and risk of stroke/embolism than patients with sinus rhythm. HYPOTHESIS: The aim of the study was to assess the association of clinical and echocardiographic characteristics with mortality and stroke/embolism and the use of antithrombotic medication in the year 2000 in patients who participated 1990-1995 in the Embolism in Left Atrial Thrombi (ELAT) study. METHODS: The study included 409 outpatients with nonrheumatic AF (62 +/- 12 years, 36% women, 39% intermittent AF). Patients with thrombi received anticoagulation, patients without thrombi aspirin until follow-up in 1995; thereafter, anticoagulation according to clinical risk factors was recommended. Primary events were death and secondary events were stroke/embolism. All patients were contacted during the year 2000. RESULTS: Mean follow-up was 102 months. Mortality was 4%/year; the cause of death was cardiac (n = 84), fatal stroke (n = 26), malignancy (n = 23), sepsis (n = 5), and unknown (n = 24). Multivariate analysis identified age (p < 0.0001), heart failure (p = 0.0013), and reduced left ventricular systolic function (p = 0.0353) as predictors of mortality. Stroke/embolism occurred in 83 patients, with a rate of 3%/year. Multivariate analysis identified age (p = 0.0006) and previous stroke (p = 0.0454) as predictors of stroke/embolism. In the year 2000, 51 (21%) of the 247 surviving patients received no antithrombotic medication, 88 received (36%) oral anticoagulants, 102 (41%) acetylsalicylic acid, and 6 (2%) low-molecular heparin. CONCLUSIONS: Therapy for heart failure and oral anticoagulation in AF should be seriously considered, especially in elderly patients and in those with previous stroke. 相似文献
25.
BG Schless H-P Müller M DeMelis A Pasquarelli SN Erné V Hombach 《Journal of medical engineering & technology》2013,37(2):56-60
Parameterization of the ST-segment is used as a tool for risk stratification for patients to suffer from ventricular tachycardia. This parameterization is performed in terms of Principal Component Analysis (PCA) applied on multichannel magnetocardiographic (MCG) recordings. 55-channel MCG was recorded from 14 normal persons, 10 patients with CHD, 14 patients with MI, and six patients with VT. We found a significantly (p?<?0.05) lower PCA-score in patients with MI compared to normals. The lowest PCA-score was found in VT patients. Significant differences can be found between VT patients and normals and also between VT patients and CHD patients. 相似文献
26.
27.
Ng VL; Hurt MH; Fein CL; Khayam-Bashi F; Marsh J; Nunes WM; McPhaul LW; Feigal E; Nelson P; Herndier BG 《Blood》1994,83(4):1067-1078
Two B-cell lines, 2F7 and 10C9, were established by single cell cloning from biopsies obtained from two acquired immune deficiency syndrome patients with Burkitt's lymphoma. Representation of the original tumors was verified by demonstration of (1) identical biallelic rearrangement of Ig genes for 2F7 and (2) shared idiotype for 10C9. Both cell lines displayed cell-surface Ig and secreted Ig (IgM lambda for 2F7, IgM kappa for 10C9). IgMs from both cell lines immunoprecipitated actin; in addition, 2F7 IgM lambda immunoprecipitated recombinant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) gp 160. 2F7 IgM lambda did not react with other autoantigens (double-stranded and single-stranded DNA, actin, bovine serum albumin, IgG), whereas 10C9 IgM kappa reacted with human IgG. The 2F7 IgM heavy-chain variable region (VH) showed a 95% nucleotide homology with a previously sequenced VHIII germline gene, hv3019b9, whereas the 10C9 IgM VH showed a 95% homology with a previously sequenced VHIV germline gene, VH4.21. Use of minimally modified VH genes and demonstration of reactivity with chronically present antigens (ie, actin, HIV-1 gp 160, or human IgG) suggests that B cells in HIV-1-infected individuals proliferating in response to chronic antigenic stimulation may be at increased risk for lymphomagenesis. 相似文献
28.
Simon Pape Tom J. G. Gevers Jan Maarten Vrolijk Bart van Hoek Gerd Bouma Carin M. J. van Nieuwkerk Richard Taubert Elmar Jaeckel Michael P. Manns Maria Papp Nora Sipeki Felix Stickel Cumali Efe Ersan Ozaslan Tugrul Purnak Frederik Nevens Dominik J. N. Kessener Alisan Kahraman Heiner Wedemeyer Johannes Hartl Christoph Schramm Ansgar W. Lohse Michael A. Heneghan Joost P. H. Drenth 《Liver international》2020,40(9):2164-2171
29.
Kormann MS Hector A Marcos V Mays LE Kappler M Illig T Klopp N Zeilinger S Carevic M Rieber N Eickmeier O Zielen S Gaggar A Moepps B Griese M Hartl D 《The European respiratory journal》2012,39(6):1385-1390
Cystic fibrosis (CF) lung disease severity is largely independent on the CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) genotype, indicating the contribution of genetic modifiers. The chemokine receptors CXCR1 and CXCR2 have been found to play essential roles in the pathogenesis of CF lung disease. Here, we determine whether genetic variation of CXCR1 and CXCR2 influences CF lung disease severity. Genomic DNA of CF patients in Germany (n = 442) was analysed for common variations in CXCR1 and CXCR2 using a single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) tagging approach. Associations of CXCR1 and CXCR2 SNPs and haplotypes with CF lung disease severity, CXCR1 and CXCR2 expression, and neutrophil effector functions were assessed. Four SNPs in CXCR1 and three in CXCR2 strongly correlated with age-adjusted lung function in CF patients. SNPs comprising haplotypes CXCR1_Ha and CXCR2_Ha were in high linkage disequilibrium and patients heterozygous for the CXCR1-2 haplotype cluster (CXCR1-2_Ha) had lower lung function compared with patients with homozygous wild-type alleles (forced expiratory volume in 1 s ≤ 70% predicted, OR 7.24; p = 2.30 × 10(-5)). CF patients carrying CXCR1-2_Ha showed decreased CXCR1 combined with increased CXCR2 mRNA and protein expression, and displayed disturbed antibacterial effector functions. CXCR1 and CXCR2 genotypes modulate lung function and antibacterial host defence in CF lung disease. 相似文献
30.
Eloy Cardenas-Montemayor Jan Felix Hartl Maya B. Wolf Franck Marie Leclère Jens Dreyhaupt Peter Hahn Frank Unglaub 《Archives of orthopaedic and trauma surgery》2013,133(2):287-293