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31.
32.
Summary. Cuban DHF/DSS outbreaks have provided evidence of a reduced risk of people of Negroid race for DHF/DSS compared to those of
Caucasoid race. These observations from Cuban dengue outbreaks have significant epidemiological interest, as the differences
in susceptibility to DHF/DSS among racial groups in Cuba coincide with that reported in African and Black Caribbean populations.
In this article, we review the literature on race as a risk factor for DHF/DSS and discuss recent results from onging studies.
Taking into consideration the origins of contemporary Cuban inhabitants, we propose that the Cuban, Caribbean Black and African
populations share a common gene pool that could explain, at least partially, the low incidence of dengue hemorrhagic fever
in Cuba and Caribbean and African countries. The central role played by immunological mechanisms in the pathogenesis of DHF/DSS
has led us to consider that the polymorphic genes associated with the immune response must be carefully considered among those
human genes regulating dengue disease severity that might be distributed unequally in Blacks and Whites. 相似文献
33.
Murine peritoneal macrophages on treatment with cisplatin (10 microg/ml) showed increased binding to L929 cells. Cisplatin treated macrophage on co-incubation with L929 cells form a distinct cytoplasmic contact between the two cells. The plasmalemmae of the two cells fuse over a large surface area. The formation of contact between the cisplatin treated macrophage and L929 cell results in the induction of apoptosis in L929 cell. Untreated macrophages did not form a contact with L929 cells and no apoptosis is observed in L929 cells. Immunofluorescence microscopical studies clearly show the participation of cytoskeleton and the adhesion molecules in the formation of contact between the two cells. Further, a significant enhancement of the expression of iNOS and cytosolic Ca2+ was observed in cisplatin treated macrophages co-incubated with L929 cells. Cisplatin treated macrophages produced significant amount of NO when co-incubated with L929 cells, while there was minimal production of NO by untreated macrophages co-incubated with L929 cells. Cisplatin treated macrophage-induced L929 cell death was NO dependent, since L-NMMA (500 microM) significantly inhibited the cytotoxicity of L929 cells. The addition of excess L-arginine (2mM) reversed the L-NMMA induced inhibition of NO production and L929 cell cytotoxicity. 相似文献
34.
Background/purpose
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a devastating disease of prematurity that develops after feeding, often without warning, and results in diffuse intestinal necrosis leading to sepsis and death in many cases. The lack of improvement in overall survival is influenced by nonspecific diagnostic modalities as well as inexact and nonpersonalized treatment strategies.Methods/Results
Recently, we and others have shown that NEC develops in response to exaggerated bacterial signaling in the premature intestine, as a consequence of elevated expression and activity of the bacterial receptor toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), which is important for normal gut development. Breast milk is a powerful TLR4 inhibitor, while mutations in TLR4 genes lead to increased NEC risk in humans, providing proof-of-concept for its role in NEC. Recently, a drug discovery approach has revealed a novel class of TLR4 inhibitors which are being developed for personalized approaches to NEC treatment.Conclusion
This review will highlight the current understanding of the role of bacterial signaling in NEC pathogenesis, and will describe advances in diagnosis, prevention and treatment of NEC that may hopefully improve survival for these most fragile patients.Systematic Review
Level of Evidence: Level II. 相似文献35.
36.
Dr. Punita Kumari Sodhi MS DNB B. P. Gulliani MBBS MS K. P. S. Malik MBBS MS Dr. D. C. Jain MD DM 《Annals of Ophthalmology》2005,37(2):117-122
Optic nerve head swelling is caused by either ocular or systemic diseases of inflammatory, infective, infiltrative, compressive,
or ischemic origin. Uncommonly, an isolated optic nerve head swelling without the above underlying mechanisms might also occur.
Two patients presented with unilateral, isolated optic nerve head swelling. A detailed oculoneurological examination and a
series of investigations failed to indicate any pathology. No probable cause for optic nerve head swelling in these patients
was determined by the authors.
the authors have stated that they do not have a significant financial interest or other relationship with any product manufacturer
or privider of services discussed in this article. The authors also do not discuss the use of off-label products, which include
unlabeled, unapproved, or investigative products or devices. 相似文献
37.
Sodhi A Montaner S Patel V Zohar M Bais C Mesri EA Gutkind JS 《Cancer research》2000,60(17):4873-4880
38.
39.
C.K. Atal M.A. Siddiqui Usha Zutshi V. Amla R.K. Johri P.G. Rao S. Kour 《Journal of ethnopharmacology》1984,11(3):309-317
Embelin, a p-quinone, is derived from Embelia ribes Burm. The analgesic effect of potassium embelate has been studied in rats and mice. The test drug was found to be effective by oral, i.m. and i.c.v. routes and the results compared well with morphine. Although potassium embelate acts centrally to produce analgesia, its effect is not antagonized by naloxone indicating a different central site of action. There is no precipitation of abstinence syndrome as observed with morphine. Peripheral site of action of the drug is ruled out as it lacks any demonstrable anti-inflammatory action. It can be concluded that high oral efficacy and non-narcotic properties of the test drug make it more acceptable than morphine. In addition, lack of any adverse effects, high therapeutic index and absence of abstinence syndrome confers a long term safety on potassium embelate for use as an analgesic. 相似文献
40.
Labeling plasma lipoproteins with radioactive cholesterol 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1