Monitoring the protective effects of minocycline treatment with radiolabeled annexin V in an experimental model of focal cerebral ischemia.

Minocycline is an antibiotic now recognized to have antiapoptotic and antiinflammatory properties. Because of these properties, minocycline may be of benefit in reducing neuronal apoptosis from ischemia and subsequent postischemic inflammation if administered soon after a stroke. We now explore the feasibility of using (99m)Tc-annexin V, an in vivo marker of apoptosis, with SPECT to monitor the antiapoptotic effects of minocycline therapy. METHODS: CB6/F1 adult male mice underwent unilateral distal middle cerebral artery occlusion (dMCA) occlusion and were imaged and sacrificed at 1, 3, 7, or 30 d after injury. Animals were given minocycline (or vehicle) 30 min and 12 h after dMCA occlusion and then given 22.5 mg/kg twice daily for up to 7 d. Before imaging, behavioral tests were performed to evaluate the neurologic function. After imaging, brains were collected for histology and assessed for the degree of apoptosis and microglial activation. RESULTS: (99m)Tc-Annexin V uptake in injured hemispheres was significantly decreased 2- to 3-fold by minocycline at all time points. Minocyline reduced infarct size as seen histologically and improved behavioral indices as late as 30 d. Infarct volume as seen histologically correlated with radiolabeled annexin V uptake seen by SPECT. In situ fluorescent microscopy demonstrated that annexin V bound primarily to neurons at 1 and 3 d, with a shift toward microglia by 7 and 30 d. CONCLUSION: We found that minocycline significantly reduces neuronal apoptosis and infarct size and improves neurologic outcome in mice after acute focal cortical ischemia.     

非首剂服用吡喹酮后致全身皮肤过敏1例

1 病例资料 患者 胡某，男，50岁，渔民，江西省余干县瑞洪镇胡宋村人。常年在鄱阳湖捕鱼，每年服用吡喹酮至少1次，已连续服用七八年，未曾出现不良反应。2006年10月，无明显诱因出现发热，体温38℃左右，无腹痛、畏寒等，经当地医院B超检查发现胆囊息肉，抗炎治疗5d，体温未退。查间接血凝试验（IHA）、酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）均阳性，     

保留脊柱后方韧带复合体腰椎管扩大术的基础研究与临床应用

目的评价保留脊柱后方韧带复合体腰椎管扩大术临床疗效及生物力学特征。方法取8个新鲜腰骶椎标本，根据处理方法，分为3组。A组：8个完整腰骶椎标本进行生物力学测定；B组：A组测试后，切除L3-5 3个全椎板，保留后方韧带复合体，即为保留脊柱后方韧带复合体的腰椎管扩大术（改良术式）；C组：B组测试后，将保留的韧带复合体切除，即为传统术式。3组均行轴向压缩实验、三点弯曲实验及扭转实验。2000年6月-2006年6月，收治309例腰椎管狭窄症患者，行保留脊柱后方韧带复合体腰椎管扩大术。其中男152例，女157例；年龄20～80岁，平均57．2岁。病程3个月～41年。单纯腰椎管狭窄症55例；腰椎管狭窄合并腰椎间盘突出症254例，其中合并L4、5椎间盘突出105例，L4～S1椎间盘突出56例，L5、S1椎间盘突出86例，L2、3高位腰椎间盘突出7例。术后采用JOA下腰痛手术疗效评分标准、患者手术满意度及影像学观察进行疗效评定。结果轴向压缩实验：前屈时，A、B组应变、应力、轴向位移均小于C组（P〈0．01）；轴向刚度大于C组（P〈0．01）。后伸时，A、B、C3组间上述指标差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。三点弯曲实验：在相同弯矩下，挠度、倾角、弯曲刚度A、C组及B、C组比较，差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．01），A、B组间差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。扭转实验：相同扭角条件，B组承载的扭矩大于C组（P〈0．01）；相同扭矩条件，B组扭角小于c组（P〈0．01），B组扭转刚度大于C组（P〈0．01）。临床应用结果：术中神经根牵拉伤7例；术后脑脊液漏5例，伤口感染4例，经处理后痊愈。309例均获随访，随访时间1～7年。根据JOA下腰痛评分标准，JOA评分平均改善率为86．0％；其中优163例，良112例，可34例，优良率89％。X线片未见椎体不稳。患者手术满意度为87％。结论保留脊柱后方韧带复合体腰椎管扩大术有利于保持脊柱的力学稳定性，疗效佳。     

牛磺酸在防治老年病中的应用及其药理机制

牛磺酸(taurine,Tau) 又名为牛胆酸、牛胆素,是名贵中药"牛黄"的主要功效成分之一,化学名为2-氨基乙磺酸(2-Aminoethyanesulfonicacid),分子结构式见图1.牛磺酸最早于1827年从雄牛的胆汁中分离得到并得名,1975年Hayes等[1]报道牛磺酸为猫和早产儿的必需营养物质,此后国际上对牛磺酸进行了大量的研究.本文就牛磺酸的生化性质及防病抗衰功效做一综述,并提出笔者对牛磺酸药理作用的独特的生化诠释.     

L-精氨酸对体外循环后细胞因子的影响

目的　探讨 L-精氨酸 (L- arginine)对体外循环 (CPB)缺血 -再灌注损伤后全身炎症反应的抑制作用。方法　术前将 5 1例拟行心瓣膜置换术的风湿性心脏病患者随机分成两组 :L-精氨酸组 (n=2 5 ) ,术中给予 30 0 mg/kgL -精氨酸治疗 ;对照组 (n=2 6 ) ,术中给予等量的 5 %葡萄糖注射液。分别于术前、CPB后 2 h、4 h、8h、2 4 h和 4 8h采取动脉血 ,用酶联免疫吸附法分别测定血浆肿瘤坏死因子 - α(TNF- α)、白细胞介素 - 1β(IL- 1β)、白细胞介素 - 10 (IL- 10 )的浓度。　结果　两组 TNF-α、IL - 1β和 IL - 10水平于 CPB后均升高 (P<0 .0 5 ) ,TNF-α和 IL - 1β于 CPB后 4 8h恢复至基础值 ;L-精氨酸组 CPB后 4 h、8h、2 4 h TNF- α和 IL- 1β升高幅度明显低于对照组 (P<0 .0 5 ) ;IL- 10水平各时点组间比较差别无统计学意义 (P>0 .0 5 )。　结论　L-精氨酸可以降低 CPB后 TNF- α、IL- 1β的血浆水平 ,具有抑制 CPB缺血 -再灌注损伤后全身炎症反应的作用。     

增生性玻璃体视网膜病变基质金属蛋白酶的定量研究

目的:研究增生性玻璃体视网膜病变(proliferative vitreoretinopathy,PVR)玻璃体中基质金属蛋白酶(matrix metalloproteinases,MMPs)的表达,探讨MMPs在PVR病理过程中的作用。方法:PVR患者采用标准三切口巩膜扁平部玻璃体切割术(pars plana vitrectomy,PPV),取未稀释的玻璃体21只眼,PPV术后复发的玻璃体腔液20只眼,意外死亡的正常人玻璃体10只眼,采用明胶酶谱分析法定量分析MMP-2和MMP-9活性水平。结果:PVR玻璃体有MMP-2活性水平增高,与正常玻璃体比较差异有显著性意义(P<0.05)。21眼PVR玻璃体中13只眼有MMP-9活性水平增高,平均(171.52±13.17)扫描单位。20眼PPV术后PVR复发的玻璃体腔液19只眼有MMP-9活性水平增高,平均(156.01±37.21)扫描单位。正常人玻璃体无MMP-9的表达。结论:PVR玻璃体有MMP-2和MMP-9活性水平增高,MMP-9活性水平增高可能与术后PVR复发有关。眼科学报2003;19:130-132。     

Dynamic observations on NK cell activity and IL-2 and IFNγ productionin vitro in patients on maintenance hemodialysis

Summary In order to study the immune function of patients on maintenance hemodialysis (MHD), we assayed NK cell cytotoxicity against K⁵⁶² targets in 40 patients on MHD, and the production of IL-2 and IFN in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) after PHA stimulation, in contrast to those in normal controls. The results showed that NK cell activity and IL-2 and IFN levels were markedly lower in the patients than in the controls. Afeter a single dialysis, NK cell activity as well as IL-2 and IFN levels were elevated to different extent. But there was no significant change in patients after long-term dialysis. There was a positive correlation between the NK cell activity and IL-2 and IFN activity in the controls, but no such correlation was found in the patients on MHD. There was a positive correlation between the NK cell activity and IL-2 activity in patients after dialysis, suggesting that immune function were impaired in the patients on MHD, with a decline in the activity of NK cell and IL-2 and IFN, and a disorder of immune regulation cycle. These abnormal immune impairments in the patients could be partly corrected by hemodialysis. However, long-term hemodialysis is not much helpful in the improvement of patient’s immune function.     

Effects ofTripterygium hypoglaucum (Lévl.) Hutch on male fertility

Tripterygium hypoglaucum (Lévl.) Hutch (TH) is a perennial used in Chinese traditional medicine for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and various skin disorders. One study showed that daily oral doses of TH significantly reduced the fertility of male rats without apparent toxicity. The effects of daily oral doses of TH on the fertility of men taking it for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis were evaluated. Sperm concentration, motility and motility grade all were significantly reduced in the 13 men taking TH compared to 11 untreated controls. TH therapy did not affect testosterone, FSH, LH levels, and its antifertility effects appeared to be reversible.

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Resumen Triperygium hypoglaucum (Lévl.) Hutch (TH) es una perenne usada en la medicina tradicional china para el tratamiento de artritis reumatoidea y de varios desórdenes de la piel. Un estudio demostró que orales diarias de TH reducían significativamente la fertilidad en ratas macho, sin toxicidad aparente. Se evaluaron los efectos de dosis diarias orales de TH en la fertilidad de hombres que le tomaban para el tratamiento de la artritis reumatoidea. La concentración de espermatozoides, la motilidad y el grado de motilidad, se encontraron significativamente reducidos en los 13 hombres tomando TH comparados con 11 controles no tratados. La terapia con TH no afectó los niveles de testosterona, FSH y LH y sus efectos antifertilidad parecían ser reversibles.

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Resumé LeTriperygium hypoglaucum Hutch (TH) est communément utilisé en médecine traditionnelle chinoise pour le traitement de la polyarthrite chronique évolutive (PCE) et de divers troubles cutanés. Une étude a montré que l'administation quotidienne de doses orales de TH réduisait considérablement la fécondité de rats mâles sans provoquer de toxicité apparente. On a évalué les effets de doses quotidiennes administrées par voie orale sur la fécondité d'hommes atteints de PCE et traités au TH. La concentration, la motilité et le degré de motilité du sperme avaient significativement diminué chez 13 hommes traités au TH par comparaison avec 11 témoins non traités. Le traitement au TH n'a eu aucun effet sur les niveaux de testostérone, FSH et LH et ses effets anti-fécondants semblent être réversibles.