蓖麻油引产餐对妊娠大鼠分娩的影响

目的蓖麻油引产餐用于妊娠晚期引产效果明显，但其作用机制不清楚。本研究通过引产餐灌服妊娠大鼠建立动物引产模型，以期了解引产餐对妊娠大鼠分娩启动和产程的影响，并初步探讨蓖麻油引产餐活性成份。方法于大鼠妊娠第１８～２０天灌服引产餐，观察大鼠分娩启动和分娩产程变化。利用高压液相分析蓖麻油和蓖麻油引产餐中脂肪酸成份。结果引产餐可提前妊娠大鼠分娩启动时间，缩短分娩产程。蓖麻油引产餐和蓖麻油两者脂肪酸对比结果显示，成份相同，蓖麻酸均占９０％，未见花生四烯酸成份。结论引产餐对妊娠晚期大鼠具有引产、催产作用，可以利用引产餐灌服妊娠大鼠建立动物引产模型。推测蓖麻酸是引产餐启动分娩和缩短产程的活性物质。     

纤维支气管镜胸膜腔检查对原因不明胸腔积液的诊断价值

为评价纤维支所管镜行胸膜检查在诊断原因不明胸腔积液中的价值，用纤维支气管镜对１０例原因不明的胸腔积液患者进行胸腔检查。结果９例２检查后明确了病因，且无并发症，提示该法对于不明胸腔积液的诊断是一种阳性率高、安全、简便的检查方法。     

动脉灌注灭活再植治疗骨肉瘤的体会

本组１２例骨肉瘤均采用动脉区域灌注灭活再植及术后化疗方法，术后２年存活率平均为７５％，１例因经验不足致局部复发，仅占８．３％，表明在化疗保障下，采用此种方法即能保肢，又能获得与截肢治疗相同的手术效果，优于单纯行灭活再植术后中方法。     

Wegener肉芽肿8例临床分析

报告８例Ｗｅｇｅｎｅｒ肉芽肿病。本组疾病的病理特点均表现为坏死性血管炎及肉芽形成。临床特点为：发热（３８－４０℃）、鼻塞、鼻衄、咳嗽、口腔及鼻咽部溃疡，皮下结节：Ｘ线表现为肺部多发性结节及空洞阴影，副鼻窦炎症。尿常规检查异常，诊断主要依靠病变组织活检。环磷酰胺和肾上腺皮质激素联合治疗效果显著。     

卡介苗激活杀伤细胞抗膀胱肿瘤作用研究

为了进一步探讨ＢＣＧ抗膀胱肿瘤的作用机理，采取１５例膀胱肿瘤患者外周血单个核细胞（ＰＢＭＣ），置于含ＢＣＧ或ＩＬ２的培养基中培养，计算扩增倍数，检测培养细胞抗自体及异体膀胱癌细胞活性。结果：卡介苗激活杀伤细胞（ＢＡＫ）与淋巴因子激活杀伤细胞（ＬＡＫ）分别于培养第７和第３天达增殖高峰，对自体瘤杀伤率分别为３６．２％和３１．４％，差异有显著性（Ｐ＜０．０５）；对异体瘤杀伤率分别为２５．２％和２８．３％，差异无显著性。结果表明：ＢＡＫ细胞抗自体瘤活性高于ＬＡＫ细胞，死ＢＣＧ对ＰＢＭＣ无激活作用，ＢＡＫ细胞抗肿瘤效应可能是ＢＣＧ抗膀胱肿瘤重要作用机理之一。     

Root avulsion of brachial plexus in infants and children.

Twenty-one patients, under 6 years of age, with root avulsion of the brachial plexus were treated from 1975 to 1987. Among them, 9 had root avulsion of the upper trunk, 2 root avulsion of the lower trunk with middle trunk broken, and 10 root avulsion of the whole brachial plexus. Follow-up of 16 patients showed excellent results in 2 patients, good in 11, fair in 1 and poor in 2. It is suggested that good results can be obtained if multi-paired nerve transfer is adopted in treatment. We conclude that owing to anatomical and physiological characteristics of the respiratory system in children, it is harmful to perform phrenic nerve transfer concomitantly with intercostal nerve transfer. Advisably, two-stage operation is required, otherwise dyspnea and pneumonia are liable to occur. In addition, the time of the operation could be extended to 4-5 years after injury in children, but best results are obtained if the operation is performed within 1 year.

     

The bioavailability and nonlinear pharmacokinetics of MK-679 in humans

MK-679 (R(?)-3-((3-(2-(7-chloro-2-quinolinyl)ethenyl)phenyl)(3-(dimethylamino)-3-oxopropyl)thio)methyl)thio(propanoic acid) is a potent and specific LTD₄-receptor antagonist. The disposition of MK-679 was investigated in a three-way crossover study in 12 healthy males receiving single intravenous doses of 75, 250, and 500 mg of MK-679. A greater than proportional increase in the area under the plasma concentration—time curve of MK-679 was observed with increase in dose. The plasma concentration data for each subject fitted well to the differential equations for a two-compartment model with linear tissue distribution and Michaelis-Menten elimination from the central compartment, indicating that the elimination of MK-679 in humans is saturable. In a previous study, the disposition of MK-679 in humans was also dose-dependent when given together with its S(+)-isomer, L-668,018. Thus, the disposition of MK-679 in humans is dose-dependent regardless of the presence of its stereoisomer. Also, the bioavailability of MK-679 was determined in six healthy males receiving simultaneously an oral dose of 250 mg of MK-679 and intravenous infusion of 1 mg ¹⁴C-MK-679. Results of this study indicate that the oral bioavailability of MK-679 is nearly quantitative.     

五所医院特需医疗服务状况调查

通过对上海医科大学附属华山医院、协和医院、北京同仁医院、中山医科大学附属第一医院、浙江医科大学附属第二医院开展的特需医疗服务情况的调查，论述了五所医院的具体做法，在对调查结果进行分析的基础上，就特需医疗服务的管理提出了建议。     

健康人血清叶酸和维生素B_(12)水平的测定

本文对14岁以下健康小儿171名,成人30名及初生儿脐带血30份进行了血清叶酸和维生素B_(12)含量测定,171名小儿于采血前均经补足叶酸和维生素B_(12)。结果:血清叶酸(nmol/L)的正常值低限,<4岁者为6.1,4～14岁为8.4,成人为5.0;血清维生素B_(12)(pmol/L)的正常值低限,<1岁为459,1岁～成人为107。     

彩色多普勒在心脏起搏器综合征诊断中的应用价值

目的 :探讨运用彩色多普勒血流显像 (CDFI)并结合心电图 (ECG)诊断起搏器综合征 (PMS)的临床价值。方法 :对具有详实临床及ECG资料的心室按需 (VVI)起搏器安置患者 6 0例及对照组 4 8例进行CDEI检查 ,观察起搏组与对照组的三尖瓣返流 (TR)的发生率、返流程度 ,并分析二者之间的相关性。结果 :起搏组出现逆传P波 (即PMS阳性 )者 15例 ,CDFI检测出现TR者 2 0例 ,明显高于对照组 ,且PMS阳性者TR发生率明显高于PMS阴性者 ,表明安置VVI起搏器后出现逆传P波与TR的发生相关性良好。结论 :CDFI对PMS的诊断具有重要意义 ,尤其将ECG与CDFI结合应用有助于诊断率的提高。