输尿管息肉的诊断与治疗(附9例报告)

目的：探讨输尿管息肉的诊断与治疗方法。方法：回顾性分析9例输尿管息肉患者的临床资料，结合文献进行讨论。结果：9例患者中，4例行息肉切除加基底部电灼，2例行息肉切除输尿管肾盂吻合术，2例行病变段输尿管切除再吻合术，1例行肾切除术。全部病例均获治愈并经病理证实。结论：放射学检查是诊断输尿管息肉的主要方法，其特征是边缘光滑锐利的充盈缺损。输尿管息肉的治疗以手术为主，应根据息肉的大小，数量，部位及肾脏受累程度选择局部切除术，输尿部分切除术和肾盂成形术等。     

Potential contribution of nuclear factor-kappaB to cerebral vasospasm after experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage in rabbits.

Nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) plays a key role in inflammation, which is involved in the development of cerebral vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). In the present study, we assessed the potential role of NF-kappaB in regulation of cerebral vasospasm. Nuclear factor-kappaB DNA-binding activity was measured in cultured vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) treated with hemolysate and pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC, 80 micromol/L), an inhibitor of NF-kappaB. Forty-two rabbits were divided into three groups: control, SAH, and PDTC groups (n=14 for each group). The caliber of the basilar artery was evaluated. Nuclear factor-kappaB DNA-binding activity and the gene expression levels of cytokines and adhesion molecules in the basilar artery were measured. Immunohistochemical study was performed to assess the expression and localization of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1, and myeloperoxidase (MPO). It was observed that NF-kappaB DNA-binding activity was significantly increased by treatment with hemolysate in cultured VSCMs, but this increase was suppressed by pretreatment with PDTC. Severe vasospasm was observed in the SAH group, which was attenuated in the PDTC group. Subarachnoid hemorrhage could induce increases of NF-kappaB DNA-binding activity and the gene expression levels of TNF-alpha, interleukin (IL)-1 beta, ICAM-1, and vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1, which were reduced in the PDTC group. Immunohistochemical study demonstrated that the expression levels of TNF-alpha, ICAM-1, and MPO were all increased in the SAH group, but these increases were attenuated in the PDTC group. Our results suggest that NF-kappaB is activated in the arterial wall after SAH, which potentially leads to vasospasm development through induction of inflammatory response.     

ABS-2000全自动血库系统临床应用评价研究

目的:通过相应的测定对自动化血库系统适用性和安全性进行全面评价,并对输血相容性检测方法与常规手工方法进行全面对比.方法:使用人工设计的各种样本对仪器进行特异性、灵敏度及抗干扰试验的对比评估,以及对临床常规9108例标本进行ABO正反定型,Rh(D)测定及抗体筛检测定,并对相应结果进行对比分析.结果:对人工设置的各种测定标本,在特异性、灵敏度和抗干扰试验中,测定结果均能达到设计要求,并优于手工Polybrene方法.ABO血型测定9108份,除正反定型不符.228份,报告NTD给予提示外,其它测定血型全部与报告血型相符;Rh(D)所测结果为4份NTD,9104份结果全部相符.抗体筛检测定9108份,抗筛阳性383份,使用同一种抗筛细胞进行手Polybrene方法抗筛测定阳性仅为228份,统计学有显著性意义(P＜0.005).结论:ABS2000应用的固项检测技术具有较高的敏感度,能检测出较弱的IgG类的不规则及自身抗体,以上检测结果及统计情况与国外相关报道情况相符,此仪器在临床检测中使用可以达到保证安全检测的目的.     

嗅神经母细胞瘤的临床病理及超微结构观察

本文报道了12例嗅神经母细胞瘤的临床病理及其中2例的超微结构特点。光镜观察结果,12例均可见细胞之间由细胞突起形成的嗜酸性背景,有4例可见Flexner菊形团、7例见Homer-Wright菊形团(其中3例同时存在Flexner菊形团);电镜观察结果,细胞具有轴突样和树突样突起,胞体及突起内含微管、神经细丝及神经分泌颗粒,细胞突起之间见突触样的连接。作者并对该瘤的诊断问题进行了探讨。     

兔膀胱出口部分梗阻所致逼尿肌超微结构的改变

目的　观察兔膀胱出口部分梗阻后逼尿肌细胞超微结构的改变。　方法　建立雄性兔膀胱出口部分梗阻动物模型 ,利用透射电镜观察其逼尿肌细胞内超微结构 ,应用ImagineTool图像分析软件检测粗面内质网面积和线粒体密度。　结果　梗阻组逼尿肌细胞内单位面积平均 1 1 5 .2 8μm2 ,胞质中粗面内质网面积 (5 .377± 2 .31 8) μm2 ,较对照组的 (0 .476± 0 .31 9) μm2 明显扩大 ;线粒体相对密度为 1 .0 2 7± 0 .0 64 ,较对照组的 0 .830± 0 .0 58明显下降 ,P均 <0 .0 1。　结论　膀胱出口部分梗阻后逼尿肌细胞内质网扩张 ,提示其合成蛋白质功能增强 ,从而引起膀胱壁增厚 ;而线粒体水肿明显 ,密度下降 ,提示逼尿肌细胞能量代谢障碍 ,导致其收缩功能下降     

肥厚型心肌病预后评估的研究进展

肥厚型心肌病是最常见的遗传性心脏病,其临床表现及预后极富多样性。该病患者的不良转归主要有:猝死、心力衰竭以及心房颤动所致的栓塞事件等。现就影响肥厚型心肌病预后的因素作一综述。     

LISS钢板治疗股骨远端粉碎骨折的疗效分析

目的探讨应用微创固定系统LISS钢板治疗股骨远端粉碎骨折的临床疗效。方法采用LISS钢板治疗股骨远端粉碎骨折26例。结果所有患者获得10—28个月随访，切口Ⅰ期甲类愈合，骨折全部愈合，X线复查骨折对位、对线良好，未发生感染，无内固定钢板、螺钉脱出、断裂等发生。疗效评价采用Kolmert评定标准：优A3型10例，C2型3例；良A3型2例，C2型1例，C3型5例：可C2型2例，C3型2例；差C3型1例。结论采用微刨固定系统LISS钢板治疗股骨远端粉碎骨折，是一种有效的内固定方法，具有操作简便、创伤小、疗效肯定等优点，为术后早期功能锻炼提供保证。     

电视胸腔镜心血管外科手术150例

目的 总结、分析150例电视胸腔镜心血管外科手术的临床结果。方法 应用电视胸腔镜手术技术对动脉导管未闭、房间隔缺损、室间隔缺损、三尖辨关闭不全、冠状动脉-肺动脉瘘、心包积液、原发性长Q-T综合征、雷诺病，心包囊肿等进行治疗。结果 动脉导管未闭均成功在胸腔镜下钳闭；房缺、室缺在胸腔镜体外循环下进行补片修补，冠状动脉瘘胸腔镜下修补；心包积液进行心包活检与开窗引流；长Q-T综合征进行胸腔镜下左T2、T3胸交感神经节切除，均无严重并发症，术后患者恢复良好。结论 电视胸腔镜心血管外科手术可取得满意的临床治疗结果。