全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1279篇 |
免费 | 74篇 |
国内免费 | 3篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 3篇 |
儿科学 | 41篇 |
妇产科学 | 5篇 |
基础医学 | 139篇 |
口腔科学 | 28篇 |
临床医学 | 136篇 |
内科学 | 188篇 |
皮肤病学 | 10篇 |
神经病学 | 92篇 |
特种医学 | 33篇 |
外科学 | 332篇 |
综合类 | 17篇 |
现状与发展 | 1篇 |
一般理论 | 1篇 |
预防医学 | 106篇 |
眼科学 | 26篇 |
药学 | 95篇 |
中国医学 | 36篇 |
肿瘤学 | 67篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 3篇 |
2023年 | 13篇 |
2022年 | 23篇 |
2021年 | 59篇 |
2020年 | 33篇 |
2019年 | 60篇 |
2018年 | 52篇 |
2017年 | 32篇 |
2016年 | 39篇 |
2015年 | 42篇 |
2014年 | 47篇 |
2013年 | 64篇 |
2012年 | 99篇 |
2011年 | 86篇 |
2010年 | 50篇 |
2009年 | 55篇 |
2008年 | 101篇 |
2007年 | 101篇 |
2006年 | 75篇 |
2005年 | 49篇 |
2004年 | 60篇 |
2003年 | 45篇 |
2002年 | 49篇 |
2001年 | 9篇 |
2000年 | 13篇 |
1999年 | 10篇 |
1998年 | 12篇 |
1997年 | 8篇 |
1996年 | 2篇 |
1995年 | 4篇 |
1994年 | 4篇 |
1993年 | 9篇 |
1992年 | 2篇 |
1991年 | 4篇 |
1990年 | 4篇 |
1989年 | 4篇 |
1987年 | 2篇 |
1986年 | 2篇 |
1984年 | 2篇 |
1983年 | 2篇 |
1981年 | 3篇 |
1980年 | 4篇 |
1976年 | 1篇 |
1975年 | 1篇 |
1974年 | 5篇 |
1973年 | 2篇 |
1970年 | 1篇 |
1965年 | 1篇 |
1960年 | 1篇 |
1959年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有1356条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
71.
72.
73.
74.
75.
76.
Sensory innervation of normal and hypospadiac prepuce: possible implications in hypospadiology 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Sensory innervation of the skin influences wound healing through the release of neuropeptides from the nerve endings. The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences in the sensory innervation of the normal and the hypospadiac prepuce. The prepuce from 10 healthy children undergoing routine circumcision and 10 age-matched children undergoing hypospadias repair were submitted for immunohistochemistry, using antibodies against protein gene product (PGP) 9.5, calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), and substance P (SP). The hypospadiac prepuce was found to be hypo-innervated for PGP 9.5 and CGRP positive nerves when compared with the normal prepuce (p<0.05). The number of SP-positive nerves were increased in the hypospadiac prepuce, but not to statistical significance (p=0.06, confidence interval >95%). There may be differences in the sensory innervation of the normal and hypospadiac prepuce. These differences in tissue environment may partly explain the postoperative edema, poor wound healing leading to urethrocutaneous fistula (UF), and increased analgesia requirements in patients undergoing hypospadias surgery. 相似文献
77.
Masri MA Haberal M Rizvi A Stephan A Bilgin N Naqvi A Barbari A Kamel G Zafar N Emiroğlu R Colak T Manzoor K Matha V Kamarad V Rizk S Itany AR Shehedeh I 《Transplantation proceedings》2004,36(1):80-83
We studied the pharmacokinetics (PKs) of the new generic cyclosporine formulation, Equoral capsules, after the switch from original formulation Neoral capsules in stable renal transplant patients. The study was carried out in accordance with the basic principles defined in the US 21 CFR Part 312.20 and the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. The study included clinically stable first renal transplant patients maintained on cyclosporine with no rejection episode during the past 6 months. Hematology, biochemistry, and urine chemistry were determined on day 7, and day 21. The patients were all switched to Neoral (lot number 416MFD0601) on day 0 when the first sparse sampling PK was performed. On day 14 a 12-hour PK profile included predose, 30 minutes; 1 hour; 1 hour 30 minutes; 2 hours; 3 hours; 4 hours; 5 hours; 6 hours; 8 hours; 10-hours and 12-hour samples. Cyclosporine levels were determined using a CYA kit (Abbott TDx). On day 15 the patients were switched from Neoral capsules to Equoral capsules (lot 5T111014) at an equivalent dosage (mg/mg). The second sparse sampling PK was performed on day 21 and a 12-hour PK was performed on day 28. On the morning of day 29 patients were switched from Equoral capsules to Neoral capsules at an equivalent dosage (mg/mg). Additional concentrations were measured on days -7, 18, and 35. Safety parameters were monitored at each visit. The pharmacokinetics of both formulations were equivalent. The mean AUC for Neoral and Equoral was 2856 and 2892, respectively. The ratios of LSM and the 90% confidence intervals for the in-transformed parameters (AUC o-t, AUC inf, and Cmax) of Equoral and Neoral SGC were 98% and 95%, respectively, suggesting that Equoral and Neoral SGC are bioequivalent. 相似文献
78.
Lal BK Cerveira JJ Seidman C Haser PB Kubicka R Jamil Z Padberg FT Hobson RW Pappas PJ 《Annals of vascular surgery》2004,18(6):644-652
Accurate measurement of iliac arteries is essential for successful delivery of aortic endografts without iliac limb endoleak. Although intravascular ultrasound measurements may be reliable, they require an invasive procedure. Therefore, helical computed tomography (hCT) has become the most commonly used modality for obtaining preprocedure arterial diameter measurements. The accuracy of hCT remains ill-defined, however, because an anatomic gold standard with which to compare the measurements is not available. We therefore assessed inter- and intraobserver variability of hCT measurements. We also applied accepted cutoff measurements to determine the clinical impact of observer variability in predicting the need for adjunctive iliac access and iliac limb seal procedures. hCT scans were analyzed in 30 patients who had undergone successful placement of a bifurcated endograft (26 Ancure, 4 Aneurex). Mean age of patients was 75 years, the male/female ratio was 27:3. Three blinded observers measured transverse diameters (maximal aortic aneurysm [Amax], narrowest infrarenal aortic neck [Amin], maximal common iliac [Imax], and narrowest iliac artery [Imin]). Inter- and intraobserver variability was calculated as standard deviation of mean pair differences according to the method of Bland and Altman. The true incidence of adjunctive procedures to facilitate delivery of the device into the aorta and ensure iliac limb seal was compared with that predicted by the observers to obtain sensitivity, specificity, and positive (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) for the measurements. Interobserver variability of iliac measurements was higher than intraobserver variability (p < 0.05). Interobserver variability of Amax ranged from 4.37 to 10.73% of the mean Amax. Conversely, variability of Amin was 8.91-18.89%, that of Imax was 12.11-22.23%, and that of Imin was 10.51-18.73% (p < 0.05 vs. Amax). Therefore, interobserver variability influenced aortic neck and iliac diameter twice as much as it did aneurysm measurements. To successfully place 30 endografts we performed 8 adjunctive access procedures (4 angioplasties, 4 common iliac artery conduits) and 17 adjunctive procedures in 60 limbs to ensure limb seal (9 unilateral IIA coil embolizations, 8 stents). We used 8.5 (Ancure) and 8.0 (Aneurex) mm as lower limits of acceptability for uncomplicated access, and 13.4 (Ancure) and 16 (Aneurex) mm as the upper limits of acceptability for uncomplicated iliac limb seal. These limits were applied to measurements from the three observers to predict need for adjunctive access or iliac seal procedures in this cohort. Sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV of these observer measurements for a need to perform additional access procedures were 0.67, 0.80, 0.55, and 0.87; the same values for a need to perform additional seal procedures were 0.71, 0.74, 0.52, and 0.86, respectively. Interobserver variability was approximately 20% of measured iliac diameter. This explains why helical CT measurements were noted to have low PPV in predicting the need for an adjunctive access or limb seal procedure. These data establish PPV and NPV for hCT and provide objective evidence for the need to improve iliac artery imaging. Until more accurate imaging becomes available, we recommend oversizing of iliac limbs by 10-20% in patients with wide landing zones and that surgeons be prepared to resolve unexpected iliac artery access or seal problems intraoperatively.Presented at the 13th Annual Winter Meeting of the Peripheral Vascular Surgery Society, Steamboat Springs, CO, January 31-February 2, 2004. 相似文献
79.
Associated or rare diseases, such as myasthenia gravis, introduce a challenge to the perioperative management of severely
obese patients undergoing bariatric surgery. We report the surgical management and unique anesthetic approach to a 55-year-old
morbidly obese woman with a complex past medical history that included myasthenia gravis, who underwent laparoscopic gastric
bypass. Her myasthenia was controlled on pyridostigmine and her greatest concern was the potential need for postoperative
mechanical ventilation. While the laparoscopic surgical approach was ideal to reduce pain and the adverse effects on ventilatory
mechanics associated with open upper abdominal surgery, a combined inhalational and intravenous anesthetic without muscle
relaxants resulted in satisfactory surgical conditions, and allowed for immediate postoperative extubation followed by an
uneventful postoperative course. Continued perioperative anticholinesterase administration may have facilitated this successful
outcome. We conclude that a diagnosis of myasthenia gravis does not mandate postoperative mechanical ventilation following
laparoscopic gastric bypass. 相似文献
80.
Jat AA Khan MR Zafar H Raja AJ Hoda Q Rehmani R Lakdawala RH Bashir S 《Asian journal of surgery / Asian Surgical Association》2004,27(1):58-64
OBJECTIVES: Peer review of trauma deaths can be used to evaluate the efficacy of trauma systems. The objective of this study was to estimate teh proportion of preventable trauma deaths and the factors contributing to poor outcome using peer review in a tertiary care hospital in a developing country. METHODS: All trauma deaths during a 2-year period (1 January 1998 to 30 December 1998) were identified and registered in a computerized trauma registry, and the probability of survival was calculated for all patients. Summary data, including registry information and details of prehospital, emergency room, and definitive care, were provided to all members of the peer review committee 1 week before the committee meeting. The committee then reviewed all cases and classified each death as preventable, potentially preventable, or non-preventable. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: A total fo 279 patients were registered in the trauma registry during the study period, including 18 trauma deaths. Peer review judged that six were preventable, seven were potentially preventable, and four were non-preventable. One patient was excluded because the record was not available for review. The proportion of preventable and potentially preventable deaths was significantly higher in our study than from developed countries. Of the multiple contributing factors identified, the most important were inadequate prehospital transfer, limited hospital resources, and an absence of integrated and organized trauma care. This study summarizes the challenges faced in trauma care in a developing country. 相似文献